Mutauro wemakambani wezviono wakaumbwa nedhanzi yezana ramakore pakati pounyanzvi noruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu. Kuvambira pavatema vatema vamafirimu mapfupi machena akaratidzirwa pamafirimu akanyarara kusvikira kuzviono 4K HDR zvinodirana, mapaipi yokugadzira yave ichigadzirwazve chose chose. Nyaya ino inoratidzira kuti nhepfe dzenhau, ichinzvera kuti mapendi echine 93 akasvika sei pamagiramu, kuti dhindiropu yakarehwa nenyanzvi dzemifananidzo nevedzechinyakare, uye kuti kubatanidzwa kwenguva yemberi yekare netsva zvinorondedzera sei.

Kuisa Nheyo: Nguva Yapamberi Pezvi

Nhau yemifananidzo yeJapan inovamba kwete muimba yakakwirira, asi navagadziri vemifananidzo vari voga vachiedza nechekwedu 93 pepa, madhodhodhodhi nemakamera anopinzwa kune dzimwe nyika. Kugadzirwa kwokutanga kwechiJapan kwakapukunyuka, zvikamu zviviri zvipfupi zvipfupi zvipfupi zvipfupi Namatura Gattana [1917]), zvakatoratidzira chiratidzo chikuru icho chaizorondedzera mamiriro ezvinhu kwamakumi amakore: kuva nyanzvi muchiso chemari yakaganhurirwa. Uku kuedza kwapakuvamba kwakava nechikwereti kumapiyona akadai seÉmilehl naWins McCay, asi ivo vakasima mbeu nokuda kwechimiro chakatanhamara chounyanzvi hweJapan.

Pakasvika 1930, nguva dzehondo mafirimu eparamende se Mainotaro’s Divine Sea Givel (1945) akasundira miganhu yeizvo mapoka maduku aigona kuita nechanza . Zvisinei, fandesheni chaiyo yenzvimbo dzebhizimisi yakaiswa mumakore apashure pehondo. Muna 1956, Toei FILE metring yakagadzwa nevavariro yakananga yokuva “Disney yeMabvazuva..

Nzira iyoyo yakabvumikisa kuva isingachinji mune zvemari. Nguva yokuchinja kwechokwadi yakauya nokusvika kwaOsama Tezuka nanzvimbo yake yokuitira zvinhu. Tezuka, achishuva kuunza manga yake Astro Boy kuterevhizheni muna 1963] nenenge pasina mari, akabatanidza unyanzvi hwe “mashandisiro.” Nokuvamba vatambi vachiri, uye kufambisazve miromo, Mushi Pro aigona kubudisa chinoitika chevhiki nevhiki cheshangu. Uku kuita kuti TV ive inoshanda bedzi asi nenzira yokusaziva yakaparirawo rurimi rwechinyakare.

Chidhindo Chemapaipi Nezvigadzirwa Zvacho Zvikuru

Kwamakore makumi matatu ne5 akatevera, mutoo mukuru wokugadzira wakanga uri shongwe yechel: mapepa akapendwa nechenitetetetetetetetetete pamativi akareruka uye mapikicha nefora. Muitiro wakanga uri wokushandira . Chisarudzo chimwe nechimwe cheaimator chakachinjirwa kuve machel, akanamwa nependi yemakemikoro kurutivi rwapashure kuti achengetedze unyanzvi hwemitsetse, uye ipapo akanzvera nokungwarira zvikuru kamera isati yapetwa. Studios akakus akakuchidzira boka chairo rebasa, uye nzanga yesakuga (chingwaru) yakava mwoyo webhizimisi rose.

Pakakwirira, nguva yechadenga yakaita zviitwa zvinoshamisa. Katsuhiro Otomo’s Akira (1988) inoshumwa kuti yakashandiswa kupfuura 160 000 cels, nhamba isinganzwiki yakabvumira kupfapfava 24framerâpersinsion mukati menhevedzano yefilimu yakaoma zvikurusa. Kupenya kwapareji yemabhaisikopo uye mitoo yayo inonangidzira zvikuru makomo eguta zvinoisa mabhizabhendiro arororororororororororororororororororororororororo. Nhaka, Studio Gblic shake mabhaisipoti akarongwa neHuya Mzaki neIzapea - tapea - zvinona - mitoo yayo inodzokororwa zvikuru, inodzorwa nenzira inodzorwa nenzira yakagadzirwa nemitemo yomusikirwo.

Bva simba rimene regadziriro yenyuchi rakaratidzirwa noutera hwayo. Ndyiko dzezvigadzirwa dzakakwira sezvo vateereri vaida varavi vanoona zvikuru. Kuchengetwa kwounyanzvi hwokugadzira zvinhu kwakava chinhu chinotyisa, uye kuparadzirwa kwamarudzi ose kazhinji kazhinji kwakada kuparadzwa kwezvinhu zvamaoresa kuita mabhii emitauro yokunze. Bhizimisi rakajeka kuti kana ainhe aizorarama ndokukura munyika yose, kusvetuka kworuzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu kwakanga kusingadzivisiki.

Kuchinja Kwemadhigirii Kunopinza Chitunha

Ruzivo rwemichina haruna kupinda pakati pema9990 nepakati pekukura kwependi yemadhiramu nesoftware. Pakarepo sema1980, mastudio mashomanene akaedzwa nekombiyuta inodzorwa nemakamera ekufambisa zvinhu uye magirabhu, asi chidimbu chinokosha chakauya pakati pema19990 nechekuwedzera kwependi yemadhiramu nesoftware. Pakarepo, matanho anonetesa neanodhura zvikuru (kudhirowa, kushanda kwekamera, uye kushanda kwemazasitiki) zvinogona kuitwa nechidimbu chemari yaigona kuenzana nemidziyo yeraundizo isingaenzana.

Vagadziri vezvishandiso vamene veJapan vakaita basa guru. RETAS! Prosute, yakakudziridzwa naCelsys uye yakatanga kubudiswa muna 1993, yakava bhiriji rebasa reindasitiri. Michina yayo yeIndaneti(Traceman) yekugadzira nokugadzira mitsetse, Peapaint Man yemichina, CoreretaS nokuda kwe compositing, uye Transregive Dog yekudzisa kubudisa parabhuro yemafashoni asi pakombiyuta. Pakasvika pakupera kwama 1990, 90% edzimba dzemhuri dzakanga dzagamuchira RETAS! Proctalgroat procteds anobudirira mutemplective iri basa rekugadziridza. [F:]

Chitendero cha1995: Ghost mu Shell

Mamoru Oshii’s Ghost mu Shell (1995) inowanzonokorwa sefirimu iyo yaizivisa kusvika kwemitauro yeainfe, kunyange zvazvo kutaura kwacho kuchiri kuda revo. Firimu yacho yakanga ichiri kuratidzira zvikuru, asi kushandiswa kwayo kukuru kwemakombiyuta compostatin, CGI nokuda kwenhevedzano yemifungo yetsika, uye mativi enguva yakapfuura akaparira nomutoo wemifungo akaparira muvhenga mubatanidzwa usina kutongoonwa kare. Zvikwereti zvakakurumbira, neMisoro yaMotKusakai inoungana mukurwisana nedandemu yemakero, yave yakashongeswa nenzira inodhura zvikuru ichishandiswa mugadziri weokitari. Maturuni akaitwa muteveriopureji inobvira naapo inowirirana namashoko ayo anoshandiswa mumifanikiso.[3]

Mukupera kwama1990, pendi yemitemo yakatsiviwa nokukurumidza. Inoratidza se Poctémon (1997) uye dramon Ball GT[[FLT]] [1996]]) yakanga iri pakati penhevedzano yokutanga yemasvomhu eTV yokuchinja pakati penhamba. Mafashoni panguva ino aionekwa kuti akachena, mavara akawanda zvikuru uye kunyangarika kwe “guruva remota, asi kuoma zvishoma. Maindasitiri emite yaigona kugadziridza nokukurumidza, mavharakitifiti anogona kuchinjwa nokukurumidza, uye kugona kubviswa nezera rechikato.

Zvinhu Zvinokosha Muchinjo Yemadhigirii

Nzira yokugadzira zvinhu zvemakombiyuta yakaratidzwa nokubudirira kweunyanzvi hwokugadzira zvinhu.

  • 97 – Princess Monoke: Studio Ghibli yakagamuchirwa nemifananidzo yemichina nokuda kweinenge 10% yezvipfuramabwe zvebhaisikopo, zvikurukuru nokuda kwemipendero yemavhairasi nemiuyo. Yakanga iri muedzo wokungwarira wakabvumikisa Hayo Miyazaki kuti achengete kubatana kwake pasina kuda kuti peji iri yose ive inoiswa muruoko.
  • Blood : Va shop yokupedzisira: inowanzorumbidzwa sefirimu yokutanga yeaima inobudiswa chose chose nemichina yemichina, yakabatanidza vhiyi yechisarudzo inoiswa mumaoko nesvomhu nesvomhu dzose nesvomhu zvakakura CGI. Dema, purojeti yayo yakaratidzirwa kuti mascrect aits aigona kuwirirana nechakavanzika.
  • 2004 – Ghost muShekeri 2: Innoce: Oshii yakasundira roorano ye2D ne 3D kunzvimbo dzakakwirira zvikuru, ichishandisa mamiriro ezvinhu e 3D, madhiragi ekombiyuta, uye kunzvera kwenguva yakaresa kwakakweva mumichina yemitambo yevhidhiyo.
  • 2013 – Bindu raMashoko:[[FT:3] Makoto Shinnai akazara zvikuru, akasikwa mupendi yemadhigirii nenongedzero dzemifananidzo, akaratidza kuti mutoo mumwe wegiramu unogona kukwikwidzanisa mapoka ose etsika. Mufananidzo wechiedza uye mvura yakava chiratidzo chemitengo yemasc aesthetic.

Pakasvika pakati pama640 000, cel yakanga yodokutsakatika pamutsetse weTV. Lonǵruning frankchises se Naruto, Chikamu chimwe , uye [[FLT]] BLEAch[ zvino zvakaberekwa, zvichibvumira kuti zvinhu zvinooneka uye chiito chemvura zvive zvaikarirwa nevateereri vaduku. Chinjo yakazarurawo suo yeswo misha duku nezvinogadzira zvakazvimirira kupinda mumusika pasina bhiringi huru yea.

Kugadziridza Kwakaita Pombi Yemagetsi

Kugadzirwa kwemakombiyuta hakuna kungokurumidza zvinhu; kwakachinja zvikuru izvo vanonyora mifananidzo vaigona kufungidzira. Madhigital composition akapa vatungamiriri mano okufambisa kamera nomunzvimbo yapatatu YHWHdimensianerinion, kunyange kana mabhii acho akanga achiri ndege dze 2D. Nyanzvi dzemichina yaigona kuisa inodokuva “yasvika" seri kwechitambiso, kukweva, kana kuti kutenderera chiono mumadhigirii 360 (maseatchnique aisabvira kana kuti aidhura panzvimbo yokuratidzira.

Migumisiro Yezvinooneka Nokumuka kwe “Sakuga” Ratidziro

Mitemo isati yagadzirwa, miuyo yakadai semheni, auras, uye kuputika zvakapendwa nefrem, zvichida maatomu akafanana neaimanicators nenzwisiso huru yerondedzero yemavara. Zvishandiso zvemagetatiki zvakagadzirwa unyanzvi uhwu: maatmaptemptetex anogona kugadzira mabutterting magetsi, magetsi, uye zvitayera zvinotenderera zvichitenderera zvichitenderera mazana epfutipfuti. Ikoku kwakaparira kuputika kwefungidziro dzakanyanyisa mumifungo yemavara emavara emavara. Zvineicapegen gere, somuenzaniso, zvakatsamira zvikuru pamadenderedzwa emichina, mazamuteshina chaiwo, uye 3D zvisharuva zvisingafungidziki makore gumi. Bva ngozi yokupfumbadza kupfumba kupfumba kusingakari.

Chinjo YoMusiki Yokuzvimirira

Zvichida tapuro huru zvikurusa yetsika yakanga iri kuderedza muganhu wokupinda. Necomputer yakanaka nerezenisi reClip Studio Paint kana kuti Toon Boumm Harmony, musiki mumwe kana kuti murongi muduku wedoujin aigona kuita maminiti emifananidzo yakakwirira yegiramu. Makoto Shinai yakagadzira budiriro yake yakakurumbira, Vaices of a Constant Star[ [2002], inenge bedzi paMac G4]. Mitengo yemite yemite yaigona kuita kuti manzwi angadai asina kutongopukunyuka gadziriro yepareji yetsika, inotungamirira kukugadzirwa kwemageni, zvitarwa, uye mirangariro yakapfumisa mashoko yakapfumisa yose.

Kudzivisa, Kuneta, uye Chinhu Chinoumba Munhu

Kuchinja kwacho kwairwadza.Vagadziri vemagiramu avo vakanga vapedza makumi amakore vachidzidzira kunyora pendi nekamera vakawana kamwe kamwe unyanzvi hwavo huchiderera; vamwe vakaregwa vachinetseka. Pakanga pane kupfuurira, uye pasina pakwakanga kusina, kutya kuti magirabhu aizokurudzira usimbe (hwunorukurira panzvimbo pokuronga kuhugadzira nokungwarira padanho refilter, zvichitungamirira kukugadzirwa kweproject.

Nenzira inoshamisa, kushanda zvakanaka zvikuru kwematurusi emichina kwakaparira njodzi inopfuurira. Nemhaka yokuti zvino kwakanga kuchikurumidza kubudisa chinoitika, matare okugadzira aida chisakiso chikuru, michinjikwa yakawanda, uye nhambo dzakasimba zvikuru. Basa reaimanimanitor, kure nokuderera, kubharudzwa. Nhau dzeindasitiri dzinoramba dziripo nemari inobhadharwa yakaderera nemaawa marefu dzinoiswa mupaipi inogona kumhanya maawa 24 pazuva, navatungamiriri vachitumira ruramiso kupfurikidza nezvikamu zvemakomba egore pamaawa ose. Chikamu chomunhu chinoramba chiripo: makiyimanikito ane unyanzvi achiri madikanwa kufemera upenyu mumiitiro, uye magiramupidhi anodzoro mumitengo yakaitwa mumativi akangobudirira bedzi mukuderedza mutoro iwoyo.

Kuparadzana Kwepfungwa

Gakava rinotyisa rinotsungirira pamusoro po “kutarira.” Kuvamba kwemifungo kazhinji kazhinji kwakatambura namavara akanyanyisa, anouraya zvibhadharo uye ruvimbo rukuru pamirwi inonaya mvura yakakwirira iyo isina utaka hwependi. Purists inonongedzera kuchiedza chakavanzika kupfurikidza nependi inopendwa, kusakwana kwebhurashi, uye urefu hunogadzirwa necelluloid imene sezvisingachinjiki. Kurwisa iyi, mastudio akawanda azvino uno anosuma noune utsi hwechienzi, zviyo, uye ruvaradziko kuratidzira kunzwika kworuzha rwechinyakare. Vamwe, kufanana neUfotablete ([[FL:]D]D] DEmone [FLD1]), vakabatanidza runako rwechinyakareso rwamarune.

Chipo Chacho Chinogadzirwa Nemabhatani: Kunosangana Mweya Usingashandisi Madhigirii

Nhasi, kukamukana kwacho hakuchashandi zvakanaka. Chinoumba chinhu chose chinonzi animine chinoshandisa paipi yakavhengana. Chiratidzo chikuru chichiri kudhonzwa nepenzura papepa, chikaongororwa padanho rakakwirira, uye chikagadziriswa mabhii. Mabhodhi anowanzogadzirwa pamahwendefa, magadzirirwo anogadzirwa mumakombiyuta e3D anovhara makombiyuta kuti avharanisa magiramu, uye mamiriro okunze acho anoumba kubatana kwemifananidzo nemifananidzo.

Mimwe mienzaniso yemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi inojekesa mitoo yakasiyana:

  • Studio Ghibli: Hayao Miyazaki ye Mukomana neHeron (2023) vaishandisa pendi yemichina nokuda kweyakawanda yemavara ayo, bva chigadzirwa chacho chakadzivisa nenzira yechisimbwa CGI nokuda kwemavara, chichitsamira pafram [1]byframe frames processrown yakatora makore manomwe.
  • Attack paTitan (Wit Studio / MAPPA): Colossal Titan nezvimwe zvisikwa zvakazivikanwa nemienzaniso ye 3D, yakabatanidzwa kuva 2D mhoteredzo. Kubatanidza, kunyange pakutanga kuchibatanidza vamwe vatsigiri, kwakashanduka kuva chishandiso chine simba chokufambisa chikero nechamafashoni.
  • Nyika yeBhuku reNdengedzo (Nhevedzano): Iyi nhevedzano yakasundira 3D CGI kuuremu hunonzwa se 2D, ichishandisa kuisa padziro kana kuti frameterrate system kuenzaniso yezvinenge zvapamaoko [“6afne acne. Kwakaratidzira kuti zvsebh.CGimane ingagona kuva yezvokudzokorodza uye younyanzvi.

Nzvimbo yenziyo dzenguva iyeyo naizvozvo irabhoritari mhenyu. Studios anokwereta norusununguko kubva mubhokisi remidziyo yenhambo imwe neimwe. Chiono chimwe chingabatanidza chiratidzo chinoparirwa negamuchidzanwa, chimiro che 3DÍ chepashure chakadhindwa, madhipatimendi emichina, uye miuyo yakatevedzerwa muinjini dzemitambo chaidzoidzoidzo. Anime News Network yemichina yemite udzame hwokuti uku kubatanidzwa uku kwakasvika sei kugamuchirwa sechinhu chitsva.

Nguva Yemberi: A, Real Time Enginels, uye Ndima Isina Kuzivikanwa

Muganhu unotevera watoongororwa. Ungwaru hwokugadzira, nhau refu yeantimeime imene, zvino iri kupinda mupaipi yokugadzira. Startnafuups inopa AINLAND yakagadziridzwa pakati pepakati pezvinoderedza basa remaoko remaframemu, kunyange zvazvo panguva ino iyi gadziriro dzinoda utarisiro hwakaoma kudzivisa mitsetse yakashata nokufamba. mativi einjini dzenguva dzakare akadai seUndectal Enimage 5 ari kuita unyanzvi hweidzoidzo, apo vatungamiriri vanogona kugadziridza kuvheneka neenjika panhunzi, vachipfupikisa mutsetse pakati pefiti nemupiyuta. Mitambo yakadai se Animatx[FLT] Zvikamu zvakasiana-njikito zvakatsiva nechete-pfupi yapa ji yevhu.

Zviitiko izvi zvinomutsa mibvunzo inonetsa. Mafuremu anenge abviswa angaderedza kuiswa chiratidzo chinosiyanisa chezvinokosha zvinobudisa pfungwa? Kubudisa “masvomhu” arimo kungagona kuzadza musika nezvinotevedzerwa zvisino mweya here? Nenzira yakapesana, aya maturusi angasunungura vasiki pakuchinja kusingadzokororwi, kuabvumira kuisa ngwariro pakurondedzera nokushandisa kunoitwa nevanhu bedzi kuti vape? Kukakavadzana kwetsika nekwezvakasikwa kuripo, uye indasitiri iri kungovamba kuisa mirayiridzo yayo. Nemhaka yenhau yekuti vagadziri vezvinhu zvakachinja sei zvisati zvaitika, [[FLT:] WPUP]

Chinoratidzika kuva chechokwadi ndechokuti pfundo guru reaime(ihwo mano okupa mirangariro yakakomba kupfurikidza nokufamba kwakakomba uye kudisa kwayo kupinza nokududzirazve ruzivo rwamakombiyuta rupi norupi runowanika(chichatsungirira.) Denho nokuda kwechizvarwa chinotevera hakusi kusarudza pakati pegamuchidzanwa neremakombiyuta, asi kuyeuka kuti maturusi anobatira nhau yacho, uye nhau yacho nguva dzose inovamba nokunyora mutsetse womunhu papeji.

Kufarira Nhaka Yacho, Kufarira Yaibvira

Kuchinja kubva patsika kuenda pamagetsi hakusi nyaya yokutsiva asi yokushanduka - shanduka. Ruzivo rwekugadzirwa kwezvinhu rumwe norumwe, kubva pakugadzirwa kwecel showzi yecel kusvika kuinjiniya ichangobva kugadzirwa, kwakawedzera mashoko esvikiro ukuwo achichengeta nheyo dzakadzika dzenguva, kurema, uye kutaura kwokuti chizvarwa cheTezuka chakaiswa muunyanzvi. Chinomera chatinotarira nhasi, chingava chinhu chemapikicha akaisvonaka kana kuti chinenge chakaoma nemaune, chinomira pamapfudzi oukoshi hwechinhu chitsva chezana ramakore, uye chirevo chekito yemakombiyuta, unyanzvi hwemakombiyuta, uye kukurudzira vanhu kuti vafambe mifananidzo.

Ganhuro rinotevera riri kunyorwa iko zvino, mumastudio, mudzimba dzokurara, uye munzvimbo dzinodokuva.