Anime farndom hachisi chinhu chisiri chinhu chisiri chinhu. Mhiri kwamakondinendi, mamirioni avashingairi anoshandura kuda kwavo masvikiro kuva mifananidzo inooneka, vachiumba chimwe chezvinhu zvokusika zvine simba zvikurusa uye zvinozvitsigira mutsika dzazvino uno dzinotanga. Pamwoyo peiri sangano pane miitiro miviri yakasiana asi yakabatana: doujinshi, bhuku rinosimudzirwa rimene kana kuti bhuku rinochinja kana kuti rinochinja mashoko zviripo, uye unyanzvi hwokuzvigadzira, rukudzo rwemifungo rwemifungo yemifungo iyo inoorora iyo inoorora muchimiro chomunhu mumwe. Pamwe chete zvinomirira kubudiswa kwetarenda yenyika yose uko kunopfuudza magungano, paIndaneti, uye kunyange mabasa ounyanzvi. Nyaya inodhinda iyi yemhindumupinduko yemifananidzo yamabasa aya, ureshi hwetsika, unyanzvi hwetsikano, unyanzvi hunova, uye denho dzemitemo yezverongedzero.

Nyika yeDoujinshi: Inopfuura Kungofungawo Zvawo

Nokuda kwavazhinji vari kunze kweJapan, shoko rokuti “doujinshi” rinoita kuti vamaga akangogara achitengeswa muhoro dzekokorodzano dzinomhanya-mhanya. Bva midzi yaro inodzika zvikuru, uye nzvimbo yayo yezuva razvino inobatanidza chinhu chiri chose kubva parimwe makomo anokosha kusvikira kumirwi yemaread apakuvamba. Doujinshi iratidzirwo yakananga yechishuvo chefardom yokutora rutivi mukurondedzera nhau, kwete kungoipedza.

Mavambo Nemhindumupindu Yamabasa Anozvibudisa Umene

Shoko rokuti “daujinshi” (6) rinobatanidza mabhii nokuda kwa“munamato” na“person” ne“public,” zvikurukuru magazini inobudiswa navanhu vakafanana na. Nepo kuzvibatanidza muJapan kunovambira kudzokera kumavambo kwe 20centurity, masvomhu azvino uno edoujinshi akawana tsoka dzawo muma 1970 uye kuputika mukati ma1970 mukusarira kwama 1980 mumheno kwama tsika [[FLT: 1]. Mapiepienzi apakuvamba anotengesa mutsamba, asi kuvamba kweCometic Market (Cheice) muna 1975 akasika nzvimbo yakatsaurirwa nokuda kwamaruki. Ceucroke yakura kuva inokwezve muvakidzani mukurusa munyika yose, zvichipfuudzira kuva mamirioni mamirioni avashanyi vanosvika kutongeri. [5]

Kuchinja uye Kugadzira Rusununguko

Doujunshi anoramba kuva mahombe. Nepo chikamu chinokosha chinovakira pamavara oungwaru aripo ($FLT: 0]]] vara, vachinzvera mapere, vachinzvera migumisiro ya [[FLT:] NATHN] [[FLT:]] NATHN, kana kuti kuronga rutivi rwechidakadaka nokuda [[FLT:]] Haikyu![[[FT]]]] michina yakawanda inovhura mabasa apakuvamba. [FFFFFTHNCE], masume adzokero, anotyisa, manyuko, manyukuvhu, manyukunyua akakwirira, anobatira sea anoshandiswa nokuda kwemichina yoruzivo rwapanyuko. [[FFPN][10]

Mome neKokorodzano zvaDoujinshi

Kunyange zvazvo vakawanda vachirangarira doujinshi sebasa rokuzvifadza rakachena, inoshanda mukati memari isina kurongwa. KuComiket, denderedzwa rakakurumbira rinogona kutengesa zviuru zvamakopi ebhuku idzva mukupera kwevhiki, ne mitengo inovambira pamazana mashomanene kusvikira kuzviuru zvinoverengeka. Makambani okutsikirira anopa panzvimbo dzinonzi nzanga dzemibato inobhadharwa zvakananga kukokorodzano. Kupfuura Komiket, zvinoitika zvidukusa seComic City muOsaka, zvose zviri muLost:[FFF:] [FLT]] COSIA[FLT: [[FLT]], uye nhamba inokura yekokorodzano dzamarudzi akawanda [FFO:], iyo inotototototototo.[4]

Unyanzvi Hwokunyora: Vadiwa Vane Mutsigo

Uko doujinshi inoumba zvinhu zvinorondedzera, unyanzvi hwokukwezva hunoita kuti mhepo iome kwechinguvana (chirevo chimwe), chipfeko chehembe chakasiyana chiripo bedzi mufungidziro.

Kubva Pakubudisa Zvinobudisa Mashoko Kusvika Pakupfeka Maraiti

Pamberi pokushambadza, vagadziri vemifananidzo vanotengesa pamifanikiso inosangana ne‘vhozhokero), mifananidzo yepenzura yakapendwa nenzira yokungwarira kumifanikiso yepeni. Kusvika kwemakombiyuta emichina yavanhu kwakashandura chiono. Nzanga dzekare dzemifungo pa Dhivilt[ [[FLT]] [1] (yavangavhurwa muna 2000] uye pureti yechiJapan [[[FLT:] Pix [[FLT]] [5] [inenge] , purogiramu dzakaita se [[FLT]] , uye , , , zvinobudisa basa rakawanda.[FFoct.F]

Zvinobudisa Nhau Zvenzanga Sechikamu Chenyika Yose

Kuparadzirwa kwemifanikiso yetsimba kwachinja. Platforms se [[FLT: 0] `, [[FLT]], [, [[[FLT]]] Tumbr[FLY], uye [[FLT] TYK [[FFLT] inoshanda savachemiri chaiye. Muzivi anogona kutumira vhidhiyo paTik Tok uye upfumi hunoisa mashoko uye hunosvika mazana ezviuru zvavaoni. Hunhu hunobatira sezvipo. Hunogona kubatira , hukanyanya kubatira mamiriro ezvinhu apasi akakwana. [FT] [FT],[10] [FFFFFF]

Unyanzvi Hwokugadzira Zvinhu Sechigadzirwa Chounyanzvi

Chikamu chakagadzirwa chemifanikiso yefarferic chinogona kuva chapakati. Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzemaindasitiri dzakawana mavambo adzo kupfurikidza nokugoverana mifananidzo yependi paIndaneti. Loish (Lois van Baarle), mupendi wemichina weDhandi anozivikanwa nokuda kwemavara ake estyled, akagadzira chinhu chikuru chinotevera nounyanzvi hwemichina yemafirimu asati ava nyanzvi yemitambo mikuru yemitambo neshoo. Nenzira yakafanana, vatambi vazhinji veJapan vanowana matsva ezverovharini kana kuti makambani emitambo pashure pokungerwa paPixviv. Mhinga iri pakati pevarapidhi yakakurumbira nenyanzvi inogadzirwa inoita basa rapamutemo, mugove mukupa mugove wekupera kupera kumhanya kumhanya, kana kuti ipedzisa kumhanya. Mune pfungwa iyi yemibato inoshamba inoshawo inoshaniswa seyamasimasimasi.

Uko Doujinshi neFan Arw Divering Nokuwa

Nepo zvimiro zvose zviri zviviri zvichibuda mumavambo okuda kufadza kumwe chete, vavariro dzazvo, mafashoni, uye zvimiro zvemari zvinosiana nenzira ine revo.

  • Narrative Centre: Doujins phyrect inotiudza nhau(* kana iri mapeji 20 paji kana kuti 200 nenovhero yemapejilla) asi unyanzvi hwechidhiringi hunowanzotora pfungwa imwe chete. Doujinshi ingava nemifananidzo mizhinji, asi inoshanda pamwe chete kudhirowa ramapuranga.
  • Path yoKudzosera: Doujinshi inowanzotengeswa nokuda kwemhindu pakokorodzano uye kupfurikidza nemitengo inogadzirwa nedenderedzwa. Fan bractis, mukupesana, inowanzogoveranwa nokuda kwapachena. Kuwana kazhinji kazhinji kunouya nenzira isina kunanga kupfurikidza nemirairo, kunyoresa, kana kuti kudhinda zhizha dze-Zoonˈon-deman dzakadai seRedbubble-8zull.
  • Chinoyera: muJapan, denderedzwa remudhori rakagadzirwa zvakanaka ringawana mukurumbira wakaenzana nebasa duku rokuzvitutumadza. Mukurumbira wemifananidzo unowanzoyerwa mukutevedzerwa uye zvimwe, kunyange zvazvo zvose zvinogona kutungamirira kuonana neindasitiri.
  • `TS]

Mitsetse yakawanda yemifananidzo yedoujinshi inogadzirawo mifananidzo yokutsigira mabhuku avo.Mimwe mitemo yokudhirowa mifananidzo, painounganidzwa, inopa nhau inotsinhirana.

Kuchinja Kwemadhigirii: Zvinhu, Zvishandiso, uye Kuungana Kwevaridzi Vemo

Kuiswa kwematurusi ounyanzvi hwedemokhrasi sezvinobvira kwave kuri chisakiso chimwe chikurusa nokuda kwezvose zviri zviviri doujinshi nependi. Munhambo yealog, kuberekazve doujinshi kwaida kusvika kufotokopi kana kuti kudhinda, kazhinji kazhinji nenhevedzano shomanene iyo inoparira ngozi yemari. Nhasi:

  • Masi. MAKOPE ANOPUPURA: Panzvimbo dzokudhinda dzakadhindwa dzinobvumira denderedzwa kurongeka segumi rekabhukwana kakazara vhararoji uye anoita kuti zviendeswa zvakananga kunzvimbo yekokorodzano. Kuparadzirwa kwemadhigirii kunobvisa mudenga chose chose.
  • [[FLT: 0] : Zvirongwa zvakafanana [FLT Paint [[FL:3]] zvinouya nezvigadziriso zvemakomiki, maturusi okutaura, uye vatongi vanoona nguva yokubudiswa kwemaawa.
  • Global Colituration: A doujinshi inogona zvino kunyorwa muTokyo, inoratidzirwa muSão Paulo, yakanyorerwa muBerlin, uye yakatengeswa kufemu muMelbourne/all yakadzorwa kupfurikidza nokushambadza uye gore.
  • Basa retsivo Platforms se [[FT:2] Kickstator uye shooth recenting [ rega vasiki vaisire mari yemabhuku emifananidzo yakakwirira, naimonel pin mangga, kana kuti kunyange miyanda yakawanda yegiramu inova vatsigiri, purojeti, mafacts anova vatendi vezvavanoda kuona.

Ruzivo rumwe cheterwo runoita kuti zvinhu zvikwanise kuwana zvinhu.

Kuchinja Kwetsika: Kuzivikanwa, Kuchengetedzwa, uye Kuchengetedzwa

Doujinshi nefeather unyanzvi haisi zvinhuwo hazvo zvenzanga; zviri zvikwaniriso zvenzanga. Mukati mehoro dzekokorodzano, chisungo chavaenzi pamusoro pezviwanwa zvisingawanzowanwa, mabhuku emifananidzo, uye varavi vanowana midzimu yakaisvonaka inogoverana chikepe chisinganzwisisiki. Iyi kurukurirano dzinoumba ushamwari husingagumi uye, muzvinoitika zvizhinji, wirirano dzoupenyu hwose. chiono chemijejeni [[[FLT: 1] zvikurukuru inobatanidza donit.] etsos iyo imene inopaza muminda: vaichimbova vazivi vemifananidzo vamafashoni vakapinda mumitambo yemitambo mipfupiki, mabhaisiti mapfupiti, uye mabhaidhi.

Munhu pachake, kugadzira mifananidzo muchadenga chaaiziva kunogovera nzvimbo yakakotsekana yokunzvera nayo. Mugadziri muduku wemifananidzo angaratidzira mutambi wetende muukama hwevatano hwakafanana, kuruka zvazvakaitika zvamanomano munhoroondo. Mutambi wetsika yakachekererwa angachinja zvipfeko zvokufungidzira kuti aratidze nhaka yavo. Zviito izvi zvokududzirazve zvingabatsira kukurukurirana kwetsika pamusoro pemanyorerwo, kusunda kunyange mabumbiro ehurumende kuti awedzere kuwanda munguva inosvika.

Kupfuurirazve, muviri wechimurenga unoshanda sechisaririra chipenyu chekugamuchirwa kwefranchise. Vanzveri venguva yemberi vanogona kufunda makore gumi e Attack paTitan doujinshi kuronda kuti vatsigiri vakarwisana sei nenhau yetsika dzinochinja, sezvo nyanzvi dzinonzvera 1990 Sailor Moon [[FLT]] mijekisero yezviso mudarikidzo dzapakuvamba. Nokuda kwechikuva icho magwaro okuchengetedza zvakadaro, [[FLT:] .[FLT]

Nharaunda Dzachena Nedzamanyoro Manyoro

Chimiro chapamutemo chebasa rechitsimba chinogara pamucheto webanga. MuJapan, mutemo wekodzero yokunyoresa unorambidza kugadzirwa kusina mvumo kwemavara nenhau, bva kodzero refu isati yabvumirwa inowanikwa. Kodzero dzakare-naka se shueisha uye [FLT][FLD]][FLDAN] [] Haawanzoronda pachivande doujinshi, achiziva kuti mibato yakadaro inofinhoma uye inowanzobatira sepaipi yetarenda. Zvisinei, uku kugamuchirwa hakubvumidzwi: apo doujshin projet project kana kuti mupusss chapamutemo, chiito chapamutemo uye chinogona kuitika.

MuUnited States neEurope, kushandiswa kwakarurama kwedzidziso kunogovera dziviriro yakati, asi imhaka yenhau inowirirana uye kwete inongozviitikira. Kutengesa zvinhu zvisina kunyorwa kana kuti kubetserwa zvikuru nezvinhu zvechimwe chinhu zvinoramba zviri chinetso. Fancsign yakatutirwa kuRevuble kana kuti Etsy yakatarisana kazhinji kazhinji neDMCA inotambira mari apo vadzori vekodzero dzinosarudza kuita kuti zviratidzo zvavo zvitevedzerwe. Nyanzvi dzinonyora mifananidzo dzinozvidzidzisa vamene pamagiramuniziro nemuenzaniso, kupfurikidza nokudzivisa kushandiswa kwamazita ane zita, kuparira kushandura, uye kubvisa shambadza shavo dzemisika idzo dzinotenderera nezvipfuudzo zvapamutemo. Chivanguriro chinobetsera nokuda kwokunzwisisa iyi miganhuro DEctal [FFF:]

Kukurira Denho Dzemusika Wakaoma

Sezvo mhinganidzo dzokupinda, upamhi hwezviri mukati hunova zvose zviri zviviri chikomborero nomutoro. Mamirioni emifananidzo yevatambi anozadza zvinobudisa nhau dzinobudisa nhau zuva nezuva, uye mazana emichina mitsva yedoujinshi anobudiswa Comiket iri yose. Kumira panze kunoda kwete bedzi unyanzvi hwounyanzvi asiwo kutengesa. Nyanzvi dzeEmerging dzinodudza kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji matanda anotevera:

  • Algorithm Decrence: Budiso pazvikuva zvakadai se Twitter kana kuti Instagram inowanzotsamira pamipimo yenguva, nzira, uye zvikarakadzo zverumbidzo. Mufananidzo unoshandurwa nokungwarira unogona kuwana ujekesi zvikuru kana ukaiswa mukati meawa yakaderera ye3303c kana kuti pasina mashoko okurondedzera.
  • [ Mari yokutsikirira: Mitengo yetafura pakokorodzano, kufamba, uye michina yemichina zvose zvinodya mari. Vasiki vazhinji vanoshandisa kurasikirwa kwamakore pamberi pokupunza kunyange, vachivimba namabasa ezuva kuti vawane mari yokushandisa.
  • [[FLT: 0] Arty Theft and Reging: Pasina zviratidzo zvakanaka kana kuti mazai emvura, unyanzvi hwependi hunoraswa kazhinji kazhinji ndokututirwazve kumapurazi anozadza pasina chikwereti. Nyanzvi dzinorasikirwa namano okudzora basa radzo uye, nenzira yokusangwarira, bviro yokushandura vaoni kuva vamiriri kana kuti vatengi.
  • [[FFT:0] . . . . Kumanikidzirwa kuti ugare uchibudisa `* kubudisa doujinshi itsva nokuda kwekokorodzano iri yose, kuposita mifananidzo yakaputirwa vhiki nevhiki (inogona kutungamirira kukuneta. Mutsetse pakati pebasa renguva dzose nomusengwa unovanza.

Kuti vawane denho idzi, vasiki vakawanda vari kugadzira mibatanidzwa yetsigiro, kubatanidza zvinhu kupfurikidza namasangano estudio, uye kushandisa zvikuva zvakafanana ne Patreon uye Kov]fi kuvaka hova dzinotsigisa, hove dzinowana mari shoma dzinotsamira pautachiona. Vamwe vanosarudza nemaune kuchengeta basa ravo riri duku uye riri panze pe-pambuyo, vachingogoverana muzviitiko zvinobatanidza bhizimisi panzvimbo dzinopfuura mwero wokutengesa.

mhedziso

Mufananidzo weDoujinshi nefearch unopfuura zvikuru zvinotorwa semichina yokuvandudza tsika, zvichibvumikisa kuti mamiriro ezvinhu okuchinja anogona kuva akavamba semabasa anofuridzira. Makomiki anozvibudisa anogona kutanga basa renyanzvi; mufananidzo wependi unogona kugadziridza kuti mamiriyoni anoramba achifungidzira sei mumifungo inodikanwa. Ruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu runopfuurira kubvisa miganhu yenyika nezvemari, nepo nzanga dzakavakwa nezvimiro zvemifananidzo izvi zvichipa tsigiro, batira pamwe, uye pfungwa huru yokuva munhu. Nokuda kwezvisaririra zvose zvapamutemo uye dzvinyiriro dzemusika, kubuda kwechinyakare kwechichimupikicha kunoramba sei wirira mberi kusimba rinogara risingachinjiki. Sezvimo mune vanhu vanoramba kuzviona nazvinonzwika semusha, mapepa, uye madhindimira haasati achizotongomira.