Anime yave iri nzira yokupinda nayo munhevedzo ine zvakawanda yenhau yeJapan, ichigovera zvinopfuura varaidzo chete. Paunoona nhevedzano yakarongwa munguva yakapfuura, hausati uchingotevera nhau; uri kupinda muchinhu chetsika. Nhau yakanakisisa inotora mudzimu wesamurai, kunzwika kwezuva nezuva kwemirwi yeEdo, kudzoreka kwekuchinja kwazvino uno, uye kusimba kwakanyarara kwavanhuwo zvavo vanorarama munguva dzechienzi. Izvi zvinoratidza upenyu munguva yakapfuura, zvichibatanidza kunzvera kukuru nezviratidzo zvinogombedzera.

Kumunhu upi noupi anoda kunzwisisa Japan kupfuura zvigadziko zvemagetsi zvemazuva ano nezvitima zvinopfura, antimie yenhau inogovera fafitera rinowanika nerakadzika ravanhu. Unodzidza pamusoro pebumbiro remitemo rokukudza, dare renzanga, unyanzvi hwetsika, uye tapuro dzinogara kwenguva refu dzehondo, nguva dzose apo unenge wanyura munhoroondo inonakidza. Iyi nhungamiro ichakufambisa mutsika dzinorondedzera dzemagere, nguva huru dzainonzvera, uye mazita anoramba achitarira anoratidzira chinoitika chaicho chetsika.

Chii Chinomboreva Animine Yenhau Yakagadzwa muJapan?

Nhoroondo inoti anima haisiyo zvayo ratidziro inobatanidza bakatwa kana kuti kimono; irwendo rwamaune kupinda munhambo chaiyo yenguva chaiyo yeJapan. Mugariro unobva munhambo dzakanyorwa dzakadai seHeian, Kamatura, Senguku, Edo, Meiji, Taishō, kana kuti nguva dzapakuvamba dzeShōwa. Chinoparadzanisa iyi nhevedzano imhiko yavo yokuumbazve mifananidzo nenzvimbo yenzanga: uchacherekedza kuvaka kwakarurama, zvipfeko zvenguva, zvombo, uye kunyange mifungo yamano yamano yemitauro nemitemo.

Chiratidzo chakavakirwa pamubatanidzwa wenhau dzechokwadi nenhau dzengano. Hondo chaidzoidzo, kuchinja kwezvamatongerwe enyika, uye masangano etsika zvinoumba kunyorwa kwadzo uko vasiki vanovaka mabhii apakuvamba nemitambo yomunhu oga. Somuenzaniso, ungatevera munhu anokaruka anogadzira minondo mukati mokupera kwechisimba, kana kuti musikana muduku anoshandisa migove yeHondo Yenyika II. Nhau dzinowanzonzvera misoro yokuvimbika, kuzivikanwa, uye kuchinja kwechikaro chenyika inorwisana nouremu hwenhau chaiyoiyo. Uku kugadzika kukuita kuti kunzwe kwakapfuura, kwete segumo yebhuku.

Chikonzero Nei Nhau yeJapan Iri Tsime Risingaperi Rokurondedzera

Nguva yakapfuura yeJapan yakazadzwa nenguva dzechinjo huru idzo nenzira yomuzvarirwo dzinozvipa vamene kurondedzerwa kunoshamisa. Kuvambira pahondo dzavagari vemo dzinopfuurira dzenhambo yeSenguku kusvikira kukuchinja kunokatyamadza kwemisi yazvino uno kweMeiji Reformation, nhambo imwe neimwe ine kusawirirana kwomuzvarirwo pakati pegamuchidzanwa nemutsva. Uku kuchinja kwakaparira paradzano huru youzivi, makwikwi anotyisa, uye zvibayiro zvougamba izvo zvinoita kuti zvive zvisingakanganwiki.

Tsinhiro yetsika pamifungo yakadai se iri pakati pemisengwa yashe, mhuri, kana kuti zvishuvo zvavo vamene. Iyi vhiringidziko yomukati inopesana nezvinoitika chaizvoizvo zvenhau, inopa nhau pfungwa huru yemapango. Hausi kungotarira bedzi hondo; uri kupupurira mugumo wenzira yose youpenyu. Zvokwadi iyoyo yemirangariro, yakadzika midzi zvikuru munyika yose, nei iyi iri mhanza yepasi pose kunyange munhoroondo yakajeka.

Nguva Huru Dzakatangira Dzinokanganisa Animi

Nguva yeSengui (c. 1467,1615): Nguva yeWarring States

Iyi nhambo yerwisano yehondo inowirirana inhau inosimudzirwa nokuda kwenhau dzesamurai. Nhimbe dzokusabatanidza dzinotungamirirwa nenhamba dzakafanana naOda Notunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, uye Tokugawa Ieyasasu inogovera mavambo makuru egadziriro yezvamatongerwe enyika nehondo huru. Anime inovamba munguva ino inowanzosimbisa nyongano yendudzi dzinorwisana, kumuka kweninja, uye kuumbwa kwoutsinye kweJapan yakabatana. Nepo vamwe vanoratidza kuva norusununguko rwokugadzira zvinhu nemasimba anopfuura omuzvarirwo, kurwa kwesimba guru kunoramba kuri kwakafuridzirwa munhau.

Nguva yeEdo (1603-1868): Rugare, Tsika, uye Nyika Inoyangarara

Munzvimbo yeTokugawa shogunate, Japan yakawana anopfuura mazana maviri amakore orugare rwakati. Iyi dzikamo yakabvumira tsika yomumaguta kupararira mumaguta akadai seEdo (Tokyo yazvino uno) neOsaka. Nhoroondo dzinobva munhambo ino dzinowanzobva pachinoitika chehondo uye panzvimbo pezvo kunzvera upenyu hwavatengesi, vatengesi vemitambo yekabuki, uye vatambi vedare. Gadziriro yeboka ramagariro akaoma nenyanduko pakati pekudzorwa kwetsika yenzanga yorumano nenyongano huru dze “nyika inonyura. inoparira nhau dzinojeka pamusoro pechishuvo chavanhu.

Kudzorerwa kweMeiji (1868-1912): Kupenya kweNhetembo neNew

Kuchinja kwokukurumidza kubva kurudzi rwaiva rwoga kuenda kusimba ramambo remazuva ano kwakaparira chinetso chikuru chokuzivikanwa. Boka reSamurai rakaparadzwa, ruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu nefashoni zvokuMadokero rakazara, uye rudzi rwairwisana nokuzvichenesa rumene. Nguva ino inguva yendarama yokuongorora kurasikirwa kwegamuchidzanwa, kusajeka kwe “fambiro mberi,” uye vanhu vanozviwana vamene vasara pakati penyika mbiri. Musiyano wemifungo yepamusoro nemicheka nezvivako zvehondo nezvivako zvezvidhina unoita kuti zvive pachena nokukurumidza.

Taishō Democracy kuShōwa Yapakuvamba (1912 -1945): Chinoitika Chazvino Uno Nengwavaira

Zana ramakore rechi20 rakatanga kukura kwepfungwa dzehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, kudanana, uye masangano ounyanzvi zvakadai se ero guro nansensu, zvichiteverwa nokupinda murima muhondo neHondo Yenyika II. Aname yakatangwa munguva ino kazhinji kazhinji jutapete kunaka kweTaishō-era cofes nefashoni zvine mumvuri unoswedera mberi wehondo. Muuyo wacho kunzvera kukuru kukuru uye kunorwadza kwoupenyu hwezuva nezuva, kupfupika kworugare, uye mutengo womunhu wenzvimbo yenyika.

Kuziva Zvakaitika Kare Kunokosha Kuti Zvive Zvakaitika

Rurousi Kenshin: Kununurwa muMeiji Era

Yakamiswa muna 1878, [[FT:0] Ruurouni Kenshin anotevera Himura Kenshin, aichimbova muurayi uyo akapika kusazotongourayazve. Achidzosa Japan itsva nebakatwa rakasiyana neropa, iye anosangana navavengi kubva munguva yake yekare yeropa uye anorwa kuti adzivirire asina mhaka. Nhevedzano inoenzanisira nounyanzvi tsika dzechinjo: unovaka sei nzanga ine rugare apo maoko ako anenge asvibiswa namasimba masimba aiita kuti zvibvire? Sengu-erackers naMeji-era zvinoratidzwa mumugwagwa zvinopiwa ngwariro inofadza zvinoshamisa, kubva kumifanikiso yamapurisa kuenda kumisingwiro yeguta.

Kugoridhe Kamuy: Hokkaido yePashure peHondo uye Tsika Yorudzi

Ndarama yakafashukira Kamumuy inokuendesa kumuganhu wokuchamhembe wakashata pashure pehondo yeRusso-Japann. Nhau yacho inotenderera pamusoro pomusikana aivhimwa, Asirpa, uye aichimbova musiriiri, Sugimoto, achitsvaka ndarama yakavanzika. Chinoparadzanisa iyi irondedzero yayo huru neyoruremekedzo yetsika yeAinu, mutauro, uye zvitendero zvomudzimu (chisingawanzowanzotarisitwi murudzi rwavanhu vakaberekerwamo. Uchadzidza pamusoro pokuvhima, kubika, uye zvokupfeka, zvose zvakarukwa muchinoitika chenyika chakazadzwa nezvitarwa zvine utsinye noutsinye.

Mune Iri Rwiyo Rwenyika: Upenyu Hwezuva Nezuva Mukati Menguva Yehondo

Nepo nhau dzakawanda dzeWWII dzichinangidzira ngwariro panhandare dzehondo, Muiyi Corner yeNyika inonanga paSuzu, mudzimai muduku muHiroshima neKure mukati mema1930 na 1940. Kupfurikidza nemaonero ake manyoro, ounyanzvi, unotambura kuderera kwetsika dzenguva dzose: kugovera, kudenha kwendege, uye tsungiriro inonzwisa tsitsi yavasiri varwi. Kuratidzira kwemvura kwakafanana nechinhu chinokwezva zvose zviri zviviri runako rweSeto Inland Seand Sea nechalth inotyisa yehondo yose. Ifirimu yavanhu inoita kuti nhau ive nhau yomunhu oga zvikuru, inoratidzira kuti mhuriwo zvadzoro inowirirana sei nemigariro yavanhu.

Tsitsi Rinoyera Rakugo Shinju: Unyanzvi Hwokurondedzera

Kubva kuma1930 kusvika zvino, ichi chinyamuchipa chinonyura munyika ye rakugo, chimiro chegamuchidzanwa chenhau yemakomiki. Kupfurikidza nejambwa rakarongwa ravatambi vanoverengeka, unoona kuchinja kweJapan kubva patariro yapamberi pehondo kusvikira pakunaya kwapashure pehondo pakupedzisira. Nhandaro yakaisvonaka yeShowa-rera, migwagwa, uye masangano avanhu zvinoita kuti unzwe kupfuudza kwamakumi amakore. Unodzidza nezvechimiro chemifananidzo chakambobatira samanyuko makuru evaraidzo, uye mutengo uyo unochengeta gamuchidzanwa rinopera nazvinotora vaiti vayo.

Samurai Isingawaniki: Kamatura Nguva Yokupukunyuka

Yakavakirwa pasaga yechokwadi yeHōjō Tokiyuki, iyi nhevedzano yakasimba inotevera mudyi wenhaka muduku pashure pokunge rudzi rwake rwaparadzwa mukati mokuwa kweKamatura shogunate muna 1333. Kushongedzerwa bedzi netarenda ramashiripiti nokuda kwokunzvenga nokupukunyuka, Tokiyuki anoshandisa nzvimbo yezvamatongerwe enyika inonyengera. Anime inodzikanisa kuuraya kwenhau nenyongano yezvamatongerwe enyika nenjiso yemifungo yechienzi, ichishandisa mutoo ufananidzo wemifananidzo yemipumburu yekare yetsika kuenzanisira zvose zviri zviviri tyisidziro uye nguva pfupisafara. Isuo itsva inosimbisa nguva inozivikanwa zvikuru apo inoramba ichisvikwa kuvaoni vazvino.

Machinda Monoke: Ngano Nerwisano Yamafaro

Nepo iri fungidziro, unyanzvi hwaHayao Miyazaki hwakadzikwa zvikuru munguva yaMuromachi (zana ramakore rechi14 ne15). Bonderano pakati pesimbi inoumba Irontown nemidzimu yemiti yekare inoratidzira rwisano chaiyoiyo yenhau pakati pokukura kweindasitiri yavanhu nenyika yomusikirwo. Kupfurikidza nerwendo rwaAshitaka, unosangana navanhu vechiEmishishi, nyika dzemaperembudzi, uye kuoma kwetsika kwetsika dzefambiro mberi. Firimu inonzi mas Shintō aim netsika dzechiBuddha munhau inorangarira kuva ukama hwomudzimu nechisiko chakananga uye hwekurumidziro.

Guva Renhunzi: Kurasikirwa Kunoita Vanhu Nehondo

Iyi bhaisikopo Studio Ghibli, inotungamirirwa naIsao Takatahata, mufananidzo wakatsiga wemwedzi yokupedzisira yeHondo Yenyika II. Seita nomunun’una wake Setsuko varwa kuti vararame pashure pokunge amai vavo vaurawa muKobe flacbombings. Firimu yacho inoratidzira zvakajeka kuparara kwenzanga uye kuparadzwa kusingachinji kwenzara, kuvadziko isingachinjiki yenzara nokudada. Haisi ngano yehondo yehondo asi chinya, chisingadzongopedzi, chinoparadza chezvinorasika apo marudzi anorasikirwa nehondo. Hapana rimwe vhasi rinopa chiitiko chisiri chehondo chokukundwa kweJapan.

Mhepo Inomuka: Zviroto Zveinjiniya Zvisati Zvaitika

Nyayazaki wengano yenhau yaJiro Horokoshi, mugadziri weMitsubishi A6M Zero war, kufungisisa pamusoro pounyanzvi hwokugadzira zvinhu noupofu hwetsika. Yakaiswa mukurwisana neGreat Kanto Seamo ye 1923 uye kumuka kwehondo, bhaisikopo racho rinotevera kupererwa nehasha yaJiro uye rudo rwake nokuda kwomukadzi anorwara zvikuru. Aine anonyurudzwa mudanho rapakuvamba reSpea·reedy mhepo, zvitima zvinotutuma, uye rudo rwapakwa nechinhu chinoshambadzwa nenyanzvi apo zvombo zvenyika imene zvinotsvakidzira rusha.

Heike Monogatari: Kuwa Kwokupesana

Ichichinja nhau ye13 yepakati, iyi aima inotaura nhau yokumuka kwedzinza reTaira uye kuwa pakupedzisira mukati meHondo yeGenpei (180-1185). Kubva mumaziso eBiwa, musikana muduku ane simba rokuona nguva yemberi, nhevedzano inoumba zvokwadi dzenhau nengwavaira yenziyo. Mugadziri wounyanzvi unonyandura mifananidzo yesirika yakare, uye gudzanzwi rinobatanidza zvishandiso zvegamuchidzanwa nechimiro chazvino uno kuti chivake mhepo yakapoteredza pasi pesimba. Unopupurira mamiriro ezvinhu enguva yemberi echienzi enguva yemberi nouzivi hwechiBuddha izvo zvakaumba nguva ino.

Zvisikwa Nemavhengasi Akaumba Genre

Simba reOsama Tezuka

Rinowanzonzi “Mwari weManga,” Tezuka rakagadza mupimo nokuda kwekugona kuratidzirwa kwenhau. Nepo zvisikwa zvake zvakakurumbira zvikurusa zvinowanzopinda mungano dzesayenzi, nhau yake inorondedzera uzivi (hwunopfuudza nzvero yakakomba nemativi emirangariro akadzika-dzika). Zvizvarwa zvakafuridzirwa zvenhau. Zvikamu zvakafanana ne Phoenix zvinongopinda munhambo, achidzidzisa kuti nhau inhau inopfuurira, nhau inhau inopfuurira. Nhaka yake inovimbisa kuti kunyange chinyorwa chenhau chinodzoreka chiverevere.

Kudavira Kwechokwadi KwechiStudio Ghibli

Hayao Miyazaki naIsao Takahata vakashandura nhau dzenhau kupfurikidza nokunangidzira ngwariro panhambo dzakavanzika dzavanhu mukati mezvinoitika zvikuru. Mafirimu eGhibli anoramba ugamba hwakapfava, panzvimbo pezvo anoratidzira kushata, kunaka, uye kazhinji kazhinji uchokwadi hunorwadza hwokurarama. Nhevedzo yestudio yengwariro kuudzame hwemhoteredzo.[1] Robon , chiedza chinowira napawindo wepuranga, ruvara rweji rwechipfeko rwemaoko, shambiso dzechinyakare. Mabasa azvo akafanana na [FLT: 0] Vanachis Monoke uye [FLT:] na[FLT] Tale yechiPrinces Kawa.[FLT] [FFFOLT]

Satoshi Kon uye Nhau Yendangariro

Kunyange zvazvo isati iri mutungamiriri wenhau mupfungwa yegamuchidzanwa, Satoshi Kon’s Millennium Actress inoshandisa makumi amakore enhau yemabhaisikopo eJapan sechisimbo chenhau yorudo. Firimu inodzikatidza nguva neyeuko, inoratidza kuti nhau yomunhu oga neyorudzi inowirirana sei. Uku kuita kunopesvedzera nhau yazvino uno kupfurikidza navasiki vanokurudzira kurangarira nguva yakapfuura sechinhu chakakurumbira asi semvura inotungidzira, mirangariro iyo inoumba chiratidzo.

Kusangana Kwakaita Chokwadi Nengano Munhau

Hapana nhau inonzi animie iberekero yakakwana; nhevedzano iri yose inofanira kuenzanisa kururama nezvinodikanwa zvinoshamisa. Zviitiko chaizvoizvo zvinopfupikiswa, nguva dzinochinja, uye vatambi vakaumbwa kuti vabatire nhau yacho. Ichi hachisi chikanganiso asi chinhu chemabhaisikopo chedender(ichikubvumira kubatanidzwa nenheyo dzenhau pasina kudzikamiswa mumichina mirefu. Nhevedzo yakanakisisa inojeka pamusoro pezvigadzirwa zvavo, kuishandisa kusimbisa zvokwadi idzo maidi asina kugona kutsanangura. Somuenzaniso, rwendo rwokupukunyuka rwomukomana muduku runogona kujekesa kutambura chaikoiko kweruwa rwose rwuri nani kupfuura ndaza yenhamba dzezviwi zvinokuvadza.

Paunoona, unokumbirwa kuti uone anime sechinhu chokutanga, zvichiita kuti ude kuziva, zvichikuita kuti uverenge nezvedzinza chairo reHōjō kana kuti vanhu veAinu.

Unyanzvi uye Kunzwika Kwenguva

Uchokwadi munhepfenyuro dzenhau hunorarama kwete bedzi mumanyoro asi muudzame hwemifungo. Zvisarudzo zvinooneka zvakafanana nemicheka ine mavara ane mavara akavheya, mamiriro ezvinhu ekare eik-bhurashi, kana kuti nzira chaiyo [ fusema mascreens avhura nhambo nokukurumidza. Masvota anowanzogadzirwazve netarisiro yokungwarira: mutoo chaiwo we , pfundo rakarurama re [[FLT:] [[FLT:] b] b [FLT], muitiro wemvura yemurimi.

Kunokosha zvakaenzana ipurani yenzwi. Kubatana kweshamisen, bhuroko remapuranga jet pabwe, uye ruzha rwemusika wousiku runovharwa kuti vavake ruzha rwakajeka. Kubatanidza kazhinji kazhinji kunobatana navaimbi vemagamuchidzanwa kuti vasanganise zviridzwa zvekare neorchestral rall, kugadzira bhiriji pakati penguva iyeyo nezvino. Muratidziro se Genroku Rago Shin, musimbo wenhau yacho unotaurwa, kukupa mutambi wezviteshina.

Kwokutanga: Zvaungaita Zvaunofarira

Kana uchiri mutsva kuti uzive kuti kudii, kusarudza pokutangira kunogona kukuomera.

  • nokuda kwechiito chikuru nebakatwa: [[FLT]] Riurouni Kenshin [ kana Shoko reTexr. Zvose zvinopa kurwa kunonakidza kwakavakirwa panhambo yenhau.
  • nokuda kwetsika dzakadzika nenhau yomunzvimbomo: [[FT:2] Cronable Kamuy inopa kutarira kusingaenzaniswi pamagamuchidzanwa eAinu, unyanzvi hwokupukunyuka, uye pashure pehondo Hokkaido.
  • nokuda kwenhau dzehondo, vara:[[FT:1] [[FT:2] Muiyi Nhengo yenyika [ na . [[FLT]]
  • nokuda kwegadziriro dzezvamatongerwe enyika nengwavaira dzekare: Heike Monogatari inochinja rimwe ramabasa makurusa eJapan nounyanzvi hunoshamisa.
  • nokuda kwokusanganiswa kwechinyakare, chinoitika, uye unyanzvi hwegamuchidzanwa: Show a Genroku Rakugo Shinju [[[FLT: 3] ibasa guru pamusoro pokurondedzera nhau kumene, kuiswa mumakumi amakore echinjo.
  • Nokuda kwemhoteredzo yemhuri inogara vanhu: mabhaisikopo eStudio Ghibli akadai se Princes Monoke uye Muvakidzani Wangu Totoro [mumafirimu echipoti 1950]) anogovera nzira nyoro dzokutora magadziro etsika.

Unogona kuaona chero paanoda, asi kutanga neanoda chaizvo kunoita kuti rwendo rwacho ruve nemubayiro.

Runako rweantimie yakaitwa muJapan rwuri mumano ayo okushandura nguva yakapfuura iri kure kuva chimwe chinhu chekare nechehondo. Hausi mucherechedzi asingaiti asi mufambi anokokwa kufamba nomumigwagwa yekare, kunzwa kuruma kwemhepo yechando muHokkaido, uye kunzwa kunzwika kwengoma dzemitambo. iyi nhevedzano inotiyeuchidza kuti nhau dzisati dziri misiwo zvadzo nehondo zvekare zvenhau zvavanhu, zvizhinji zvazvo zvichiri kuziviswa kupfurikidza nomuitiro wakatanhamara wokunyora mifananidzo. Kupfurikidza nokurangarira aya mazita okuremekedza, hauwani bedzi varaidzo asi kubatana kukuru zvikuru, kwapachokwadi zvikuru kutsika nemudzimu weJapan.