Hayao Miyazaki wa 1988 wotchuka kwambiri. Pamene kuli kwakuti mzimu wanga wa nkhalango ndi zithunzithunzi zokongola za dziko zili zokongola, mphamvu ya filimuyo imakhala yosabisa kanthu pa banja. M'dziko la Japan, kumene banja lakhala galimoto yaikulu youlutsira makhalidwe, kudziŵika, ndi chisungiko, Zanga za Pansi, ndi kudalira kwa banja, zimapatsa chithunzi chachikulu cha zimene limachita kwa banja.

Banja Lofunika Kwambiri m’mbiri ya Chijapani

Kuyamikira zisonkhezero za banja m' Makonzedwe anga a banja, kuli kothandiza kumvetsetsa masinthidwe a mbiri yakale a banja la Japan. Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, io [[FLT:] [[6]] (madongosolo a m'banja olinganizidwa monga gulu la makampani, kugogomezera mzera, ukulu, ndi udindo wa pakati pa anthu. Pansi pa , banja silinali chabe kusonkhanitsa anthu koma linkakhala ndi unyozomwe woma wogwirizanitsa makolo, ziŵalo zamoyo, ndi mbadwa zamtsogolo. Kulemekeza, ulemu kwa akulu, ndi kugonjera kwa munthu payekha.

Ngakhale kuti dongosolo la [FLT] linachotsedwa mwalamulo pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yadziko II, ziyambukiro zake zamakhalidwe zikukhalabe zowonekera m'nthaŵi ino. Nthaŵi ya pambuyo pa nkhondo inayamba kuyambitsidwa m'zisonyezero za banja la nyukliya, komabe mabanja ambiri adakali ndi chiyembekezo chosatsutsika cha kusamalirana ndi kukhala ndi moyo wopitirira pa chigawo chapanthaŵiyo. Kusinkhuka kumeneku kumapangitsa [[FL:2] Kuighbour Toro [1] Bambo [FTY:3] makamaka: banja la Kusbekah , atate ndi ana aakazi aŵiri achichepere opita kumudzi pamene amayi awo akupititsidwa ndi chipatala. Kuwo ndi kuchoka kwa makolo awo a makolo awo, koma kumakhala kupitirizabe kwa makhalidwe amakono, kuuma kwa makhalidwe amakono.

Chigogomezero cha chigwirizano ndi chiwonjezeko cha ku Japan pa banja monga chochititsa kukula kwa malingaliro ndi makhalidwe chalembedwa bwino. Akatswiri amawona kuti banja lidakali “kuyambika kwa chitaganya cha Japan,” kumene ana amaphunzira choyamba [[FLT: 0] oyayariri [1] ('activess]) ndi ] [[FLT]] [FLT] [FFF:3] [chipikire]. (Kuyang'anitsitsa kwambiri chisinthiko cha banja la Japan, onerani mapendedwe ameneŵa [[FLT:] [ma]). Mitengo imeneyi imafalikira [FLT] [FLT] [FFF]

Banja la Kusakabe: Kuumirira Kwake N’kosangalatsa

Filimuyo imayamba ndi banja la Kusakabe losamukira ku nyumba yowonongeka m’mudzi wa Matsugō. Atate Tatsuo amagwira ntchito monga profesa wa yunivesite, akusamukira ku mzinda uku akusamalira ana awo aakazi Satsuki (amene ali ndi zaka 10) ndi Mei (4). Mayi, Yasuko, akuchira matenda anthaŵi yaitali m’chipatala chapafupi. Kuchokera pa malo oyamba, Miyazaki anayambitsa banja limene lawonongeka koma lamphamvu kwambiri koma lakulimbana ndi Knit, ziŵalo zake zimapeza mphamvu kwa wina pamene ayenda ulendo wochoka ndi wosatsimikizirika.

Mlongo ndi Kusamalira Kochuluka

Unansi pakati pa Satsuki ndi Mei umapanga maziko a kusimba. Mkhalidwe wa ku Japan, ntchito ya mbale wamkulu imakhala ndi kulemera kwakukulu. Satsuki, ngakhale kuti ali mwana iyemwini, mwachibadwa amakhala ndi kaimidwe ka mayi , kuyenda Mei ku sinki, ndipo kuchepetsa mantha ake ponena za thanzi la amayi awo. Zimenezi sizimasonyezedwa monga mtolo wachibadwa koma monga kuwonjezera chikondi chapachibadwidwe chimene chimazindikiritsa dziko lawo. Chochititsa chidwicho chimakumbukira chiyembekezo chamwambo cha [[FLT: 0] [FLT] [mchemwali] [yang'ono] (yang'ng'ono) monga wosamalira wachiŵiri, kusonyeza chikhulupiriro chamwambo chakuti kusamalira ndiko thayo la banja, osati ntchito yapanja.

Miyazaki amapeŵa malingaliro a ku Japan mwa kulimbitsa ubwenzi wa alongowo m'nthaŵi zazing'ono, zowona: Satsuki akutsuka tsitsi la Mei, aŵiriwo akugawana chakudya chamasana, kapena kumamatirana wina ndi mnzake pamphepo yamvula. Zithunzizi zimasonyeza kufunika kwa kizuna] (maukwati) (mabwenzi) (mayayayayayaya) amene amagwirizanitsa anthu mkati mwa chiyeso ndi chikondi. Kugwirizana kwa alongo kumakhala microscom ya banja lalikulu, kusonyeza kuti thandizo la m’banja nlo nlothandiza ndi lauzimu. Pamene Mei akuopa kuti amayi ake angafe, ndi Satsuki, komano Taki ali ndi nkhaŵa yakeyake; ana samayerekezera kukhala okhoza kusokonezeka maganizo, koma osakhudzidwa ndi kuopa kuti ana.

Kukhalapo kwa Makolo ndi Kusokonezeka

Makolo anga mu Atsikana amapanga filimuyo, ndipo chiyembekezo chosagwedera cha kuchira kwake. Kudwala kwa Yasuko kumampangitsa kukhala womasuka ndi filimu, komabe kukhalapo kwake kumamvedwa kwambiri ndi makalata amene amatumiza, atsikanawo amapanga mafilimuwo, ndipo chiyembekezo chosagwedera cha kuchira kwake. Kujambula kumeneku kuli kwamphamvu: Amayi ake a Miyazaki adadwala TB ya msana panthaŵi yaubwana wake, nyengo imene inasiya chiyambukiro chosatha pa nkhani yake. Filimuyo sikhala pa matenda monga tsoka, koma mmalo mwake imagwiritsira ntchito kuwunikira mmene ana amawonongekera ndi kukulitsa chiyembekezo.

Tatsuo, tate, ndi wofatsa amene amasamala ndi mantha ndi malingaliro a ana ake. Pamene atsikanawo akunena kuti nyumba yawo yatsopano imavutitsidwa ndi suwatari (okonda a , iye samawanyalanyaza; amaseka ndi kulangiza kuti angakhale aubwenzi. Kumasuka kumeneku kumasonyeza chiyamikiro chozama cha Japani cha kubadwa kwa moyo ndi mphamvu zachilendo [1] kuwona kwa dziko kumene ziŵalo za banja zimakhulupirirana. Mwa kutsimikizira zenizeni za ana ake aakazi, Tatsuo amachirikiza mkhalidwe wa banja wochirikiza, umene kuwona mtima kumalemekezeka kwambiri.

Totoro: Nkhalango ya Kami ndi Banja Lofutukuka la Chilengedwe

Mwinamwake mbali yosangalatsa kwambiri ya filimuyi ndiyo Totoro, mzimu wa nkhalango watalitali, wokongola, amene amayanjana ndi Mei ndi Satsuki. Toro si cholengedwa chongoyerekezera; iye ali ndi chikhulupiriro cha Chishinto mu kami , . [Malo ake opatulika okhala monga mitengo yakale, mitsinje, ndi mapiri. M'Chishinto, chilengedwe ndi mtundu wa anthu sizimasiyana koma zimasokedwa, ndipo mizimu kaŵirikaŵiri imaonedwa monga otetezera dziko ndi anthu ake. (Popeza Chishinto, onani [FLT:]] Chitsogo cha Japani.

Malo Opatulika a Campor Monga Malo Opatulika a Banja

Nyumba ya Totoro ndi mtengo waukulu wa msasa wa msasa, mtundu umene ku Japan umaonedwa kukhala chinthu chopatulika, ndi malo ambiri opatulika omangidwa kumbali ya maluŵa akale. Mtengowo umaima kumapeto kwa chuma cha banja, kumanga dziko lolimidwa ndi kuthengo. Pamene Mei agwera m’dzenje lake, iye akuloŵa m’malo amene amamva kukhala alendo ndi kukondwera kwa chilengedwe. Toro akuvomereza kuti akusonyeza kuti asungwanawo akuwonjezera banja m’dziko lachilengedwe, akuonetsa kuti kukhaladi munthu weniweni kuposa malo okhalako.

Mwanjira imeneyi, Totoro amagwira ntchito monga chiŵalo chapabanja chaulemu . Munthu woyang’anira amene amawonekera pamene atsikanawo afunikira chitonthozo chachikulu. Amatsogolera kuvina kwa mwezi kuthandiza ana aakaziwo kukulitsa mbewu, mwambo wofanana ndi ntchito yosamalira ya kholo. Luso lake la kuitana Catbus, limene limanyamula alongowo mofulumira kuchipatala cha amayi awo, limasintha njira yamatsenga ya kupulumutsa. Toro salankhula, komabe kukhalapo kwake kwachete kumasonyeza kuti dziko lili lachifundo, ndi kuti kugwirizana pakati pa banja ndi chilengedwe kuli magwero a kuchiritsa.

Kukongola kwa Ukhanda

Kusintha kwa mafilimu, nyengo zimene zimasintha kuchokera m'nyengo yachisanu mpaka m’nyengo ya phukuto, ndi Yasuko amene amawononga thanzi la samazindikira kanthu kena. Ubale wa banja, mofanana ndi masamba olira, ngwamtengo wapatali chifukwa chakuti sungakhalitse. Kulephera kusamala kwa anthu a ku Japan ndi phindu labwino, kulimbikitsa anthu kuti aziyamikira amene alipo ndi chikondi chawo. Kuoneka kwa mwana ndi kugwirizana kwake, kumathandiza kuti mayanjano aakulu kwambiri a m’banja, monga masamba a mkampunga, akhale osawoneka ndi maso, ngakhale kuti adakalipo, amatithandizabe.

Kupirira, Kupirira, ndi Chikhalidwe Chake

Ineighbour Totoro [FLT 1] ndi, mumtima, nkhani yonena za mmene banja limachitira ndi mphamvu zake zamkati kuti liyang'ane ndi mavuto. Matenda a mayi . Pamene kuli kwakuti sanatchulidwe mwachindunji kuti ndi mantha, ndipo mantha a atsikanawo amaonekera m'nthaŵi za mantha: Kulengeza kwa Mei kuti “MMyyy angafe, [1] kapena Satsuki a kufufuza mokalipa pamene Mei asoŵa. Chiyambi cha filimucho sichimatsutsa njira zothetsera mosavuta koma kusonyeza mmene zochita za banja ndi zoyerekezera zimagwirizana zimakhalira zopimira.

Chikhalidwe cha ku Japan chimaika chigogomezero pa [[FLT: 0]man . Komabe filimu imaleka kutamanda kuvutika kwachete. Satsuki akapitiriza sukulu, kusamalira Mei, ndi kusamala za Bei, pamene akusoŵa amayi ake. Koma filimuyo imaleka kutamanda kuvutika kwachete. Pamene Satsuki atha kuswa mphamvu yake yothekera pomalizira pake atamva za kulephera kwa amake, nthaŵiyo imasamalidwa ndi chifundo chachikulu . Kusonyeza kumeneku kumasonyeza kuti kulimba sikuli kulimba koma kudalira ena pamene mphamvu yake ya kufooka.

Ntchito ya Totoro m’moyo wamaganizo wa alongo ingaŵerengedwe monga njira ya maganizo ya mwana yothetsera kusatsimikizirika. Akatswiri a zamaganizo aona kwa nthaŵi yaitali kuti mabwenzi oyerekezera amathandiza ana kuchititsa mantha ndi kutaikiridwa. M’nkhani ya ku Japan, zoyerekezera zoterozo zimagwirizananso ndi kumasuka kwa mwambo kwa mizimu monga magwero a chitonthozo . .Alinawo amakhulupirira kuti mizimu imayang’anira banja, mofanana ndi makolo. Zomwe zimachitikira alongo ndi Totoro siziri kulephera kukwaniritsa nzeru koma mtundu wa ntchito yamaganizo, kuchirikiza lingaliro lakuti banja limabwera mopeka mosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zauzimu.

Banja Lochuluka: Anthu a M’mudzimo ndi Udindo Wothandiza

Chimodzi cha mbali yokongola kwambiri ya filimuyi ndicho kusonyezedwa kwake kwa chitaganya cha kumidzi monga kuwonjezera nyumba za banja. Kuyambira nthaŵi imene Kusakabes afika, iwo akukuzidwa ndi anansi: Granny, mkazi wachikulire wotentha amene amathandiza ndi ntchito zapanyumba; Kanta, mnyamata woyamba amene akukhala wogwirizana; ndi mudzi waukulu umene ukupezeka pamene Meii atha. Chisonyezero chimenechi chimasonyeza lamulo lachijapani la [[[FLT:]] tsunagari (kudzigwirizanitsa), chikhulupiriro chakuti ubwino uli wonyenga, osati wopanga wopanga.

M'midzi yamwambo ya agria, chithandizo chachimuna chinali chofunika kwambiri kuti apulumuke [1] Kuwombola, kututa, ndi kulera ana ana ana adapatsidwa ntchito. Ngakhale kuti Japan wapita ku matauni mofulumira, chikumbukiro cha kudalirana koteroko kwa anthu amwambo. M'banja Langa la Neighbour Toro [1] Nkhawa imakhazikitsidwa m'ma 1950, nyengo ya kuchira pambuyo pa nkhondo pamene mabanja ambiri anali kukhazikitsanso mgwirizano. Mwa kujambula mudzi umene umachita ndi mavuto awo, Miyazaki akukumbutsa openyerera kuti makhalidwe a banja saikidwa pabanja; iwo akudzipatula, akupanga chopinga chakunja, polimbana ndi kulekana.

Kufunafuna Mei kuli chimake cha m'malere a m'gulu la aethos. Pamene kamtsikana kasokera, atate wake ali pantchito ndipo amayi ake sangathe kuthandiza. Patangotha mphindi zochepa, mudzi wonse . "alimi okalamba, akazi, ana apanyumba ." Agogo amakhala ndi Satsuki, kugwira ndi kupemphera pakachisi wakwawo. Kuyankha kumeneku ndi kusonkhezera kwambiri lamulo la banja lofutukuka: lingaliro lakuti ana ali a munthu aliyense. Kumasonyezanso kuyang'anira chikhalidwe chachikhalidwe chachikale cha anthu; pamene moyo wamakono wa m’tauni umakhala ndi banja la athomu, madera akusunga chitsanzo chakale cha kugwiriza ntchito.

Zimene Totoro Aphunzirapo: Chiphunzitso Chamakono cha Banja ndi Kukhala Wosiyana ndi Ena

Pambuyo pa zaka makumi atatu atatulutsidwa, Ineighbour Totoro [1] Ndidakali ndandanda ya chikhalidwe osati kokha chifukwa cha kukongola kwake komanso chifukwa chakuti imapereka masomphenya a banja limene limalingalira kuti ndi lakuya kwambiri ku Japan ndi padziko lonse. Nkhani za m'banja lachifatse za reimagines monga mphamvu, mphamvu yosatha, yomwe imakhudzana ndi ana, makolo, mizimu, ndi anansi ake. Pochita zimenezi, imasonyeza makhalidwe abwino a ku Japan (]wa [FLT]]]), ulemu, ndi kugwirizana, ngakhale kuti ikukambirana ndi nkhaŵa za matenda, kupatukana, ndi kuthana kwa ana.

Miyazaki yemwe ndi wothandiza kwambiri. Kulimbana ndi matenda a mayi ake, ubwana wake kumidzi, ulemu wake wa miyambo ya mizimu . Ndi cholinga chake kuyambitsa ntchito imene imagwira ntchito monga nthano zamakono. Totoro wakhala chithunzi cha chitonthozo, chodziŵika padziko lonse monga chizindikiro cha kutetezera, kuteteza dziko lachilengedwe. Komabe matsenga oona a filimuyo ali m’mawonekedwe ake: kusamba kwa banja, kuphunzira kodzaza ndi mabuku, chakudya cha mpunga ndi maboole. Nthaŵi zimenezi za Quiteids zapangitsa mbali zachilendo m’zowonadi, kutikumbutsa kuti machitachita owopsa kwambiri kaŵirikaŵiri amachitikira m’banja.

Kwa awo okondweretsedwa ndi kufufuza kozama kwa njira ya moyo ya Miyazaki kwa Toro, British Film Institute imapereka chikalata chounikira kugwirizanitsa kwaumwini kwa mkulu [1]. Mawuwo amagogomezera mmene chokumana nacho chinasinthira chithunzi cha banja lachisangalalo.

Mapeto ake: Tikuphunzira Makhalidwe Abwino a ku Japan

Mu . . . . . . Family South Totoro , banja siliri malo osakhazikika koma ntchito ya moyo, kuyang'anira kogwirizana ndi chikondi cha alongo omwe akukhala ndi mpando wa pawindo kulowa pa mpando wa mtengo wa msasa wa msasa usiku. Chikhalidwe cha filimuyo chiri m'kugwirizanitsa kwake kwa makhalidwe ake achibadwa, kuwunikira kwa akulu, kupatulika kwa chilengedwe, thayo, ndi kupirira kokhala kwabata kumene kumachokera ku chikalata chimene sichimafuna kusuntha mtima. Kupyolera m’maonekedwe a zojambula zachijapani, Miyazaki kumatenga malingaliro a ku Japan ndipo amapereka iwo monga mphatso yokhalitsa, monga mphatso: chikumbutso, m'dziko, kugwirizana ndi wina ndi magwero achilengedwe. Monga momwe zimakhalira kwa ana aatali, monga momwe zimakhalira, Anzathu: [2]