Art of War yakhala lemba lofunika kwambiri m'kumvetsetsa njira yankhondo ndi nkhondo m'mbiri yonse. Malamulo ake angawonedwe m'mikangano yosiyanasiyana ya mbiri yakale, makamaka m'nkhani ya nyengo ya Sengku ku Japan, imene yasonyezedwanso m'maseŵero a vidiyo otchuka, Sengoku Basara. Nkhaniyi ikupenda mikangano ya m'mbiri ya Sengku Era ndi maphunziro amene imapereka kudzera m'maleresi a Sun Tzu.

Nzeru Yosatha ya Luso la Nkhondo la Dzu

Ngakhale kuti zinalembedwa zaka zoposa 2000 zapitazo, Sun Tzu’s Umisiri wa Nkhondo udakali maziko a mfundo yanzeru. Machaputala ake otsatizana bwino amasiyanitsa kapangidwe ka nkhondo, kugogomezera kuti mtundu wapamwamba wa chilakiko wachitidwa popanda kulimbana, mwa chinyengo, luntha, luntha, ndi kudyerera kwa wopikisana naye. Mawu ochirikiza kumvetsetsa kwakuya kwa malo, nyengo, utsogoleri, ndi chiphunzitso chake amasinthasinthanitsa ndi nkhondo zakale za China. Akatswiri ndi atsogoleri ankhondo apambana kwanthaŵi yaitali pophunzira za maphroso, ndi posadziwa kuti mukhoza kuwopa nkhondo, mukhoza kupenda [FLD2] mbiri yakale, ndi kuchuluka kwa nkhondo. Machenjera ambiri ankhondowo. [FLT] [FFFF3]]. “Malingaliro ake onse ankhondo ankhondo apambana, amene adziŵa pamene iye sadziŵa kuti akulimbana ndi kuchuluka kwa adani, ngati mukudziŵa kuti mudada nkhondo, mu madera ambiri, ngati munalibe kuopa nkhondo za nkhondo zankhondo za tsiku ndi kuchuluka kwa adani.

Malo Osokonekera a Nthaŵi ya Senga

Sengaku, kapena “nyengo ya nkhondo ya dziko lapansi , yoyambira pa nkhondo ya 767 mpaka kukhazikitsidwa kwa nkhondo ya Tokugawa shogunate mu 1603. Nkhondo yachiŵeniŵeni yomakulakulayi inawononga ulamuliro wa Ashikaga shogunate ndi kugwetsa zisumbu zankhondo za m'madera. Malo ankhondo achigawo, odziŵika monga daimyō, anakwera ndi kudalira pa asilikali awo ndi kukhoza kwawo kusonkhezera kukhulupirika kwa anthu. Nsalu za anthu zinapatuka monga [FLT:] gekokoj . [a] Kugonjetsa kwapamwamba kwa [1]

Nyengo imeneyi inakhala ndi kutuluka kwa otchedwa “Ainike atatu . [FLT: 0] Oda Notunaga , woyambitsa wankhanza amene anayamba kukhazikitsa mphamvu; Totomi Hideyo , katswiri wa chiwombankhanga amene anamaliza kugwirizana; ndi Togawawa Ieyu , katswiri woleza mtima wa nkhondo zimene zinakhazikitsa ulamuliro wa zaka 250. Mwa njira zawo, anadzigwirizanitsa ndi kuswa ndi kuswa njira za Sun. [[FLT] Nkhondo yamphamvu, ya zamphamvu, ya zachuma, ndi yamphamvu ya dziko lapansi, inali yosagwirizana ndi yosagwirizana. [F]

Uphungu wa Pankhondo

Kuti munthu amvetse bwino kubwerera m’mbuyo kwa Sun Tzu mkati mwa Sengaku, ayenera kupenda nkhondo zenizeni zimene nthanthi yopanda maziko inawombana ndi kusokonezeka kwa mfuti, mwazi, ndi mkhalidwe wakunja.

Okehazama: Chipambano cha Chinyengo ndi Chodabwitsa

Mu June 1560, Amagawa Yoshimoto anatsogolera gulu lankhondo loopsa la amuna 25,000 ku Kyoto, pofuna kulanda malo ogwedezeka a Ashikaga shogunate. Njira yake inadutsa mwachindunji m'dera la ana, brash Oda Nunaga, amene anasonkhanitsa asilikali 3,000. Sun Tzuwa anaphunzitsa, “Am'patule kumene sakufuna, akuonekera kumene simukuyembekezeredwa. Nobunaga anapha zimenezi. Iye anasiya gulu laling'ono lotetezera kumaliresinja ake, kenako anatsogolera thupi lake lalikulu kudutsa mtunda wankhondo yachiwawa. Madziwo anabisa njira yawo ndi kuiphimba Ima, amene anakhazikitsa gulu lankhondo ku Dega ku Dekula, komwe anakalowa ku chigulu cha anthu.

Kuukirako kunali kodzitetezera. Amuna a Nobunaga anathaŵa m'nkhalango ndi kukantha lamulo la adani olefukalo mwachindunji. Yoshimoto, poyambirira adakhulupirira kuti phokosolo linali lankhondo pakati pa asilikali ake, anaphedwa asanalinganize kutetezera. Nkhondoyo, yomwe inakhala kwa maola angapo okha, inaswa Nobumbawa ndi kulengeza Nobunaga monga gulu la dziko. Maphunzirowo ali oonekera: luntha (kudziŵa malo enieni ndi zocheukitsa za mdani), chinyengo (mphamvu yaing'ono), ndi kudyerera malo okhala (chimphepo) kuchititsa kunyodola kutsika kwa chiŵerengero cha anthu. [FLD:0]

Nagashino: Zida Zolumikizirana Zili ndi Mphamvu

Zaka 15 pambuyo pa Okehazama , Nokumba anakumana ndi vuto losiyana kwambiri. Mu 1575, gulu lankhondo la akavalo lokhala ndi asilikali a pahatchi la fuko la Takeda, lodziŵika monga okwera pa akavalo abwino koposa ku Japan, anazinga Nagashino Castle. Nobuga ndi onse omwe anali ndi Tokugawa Ieyasu anayenda kuti achotse gulu la asilikaliwo, koma anadziŵa kuti nkhondo yamwambo idzakhala m’manja a Takeda Katsuyori. Sun Tzu analangiza kuti, “Wamkulu wankhondo waluso m'zitetezo m'mabwalo achinsinsi kwambiri a dziko lapansi; amene ali ndi luso la kuukira kuchokera pamwamba kwenikweni kumwamba. Nobuna anasankha kumanga kambala 2 koloko kamodzi, kumangansomba 2 koloko kwa mapulan 30,000.

Chidacho sichinali kugwiritsira ntchito mfuti zokha . Koma gulu linagwiritsa ntchito zidazo. Nobuga anagawa gulu lake kuti likhale gulu, kupanga dongosolo la moto wamphamvu wozungulira umene unasunga chida chosatha cha zipolopolo. Pamene a Takeda apakavalo anagwidwa, anaikidwa m’kupha madera ndi kudula pansi asanafike pa malirewo. Chinali chisonyezero chankhanza cha Sun’s Dictum posankha nkhondo imene imalepheretsa mphamvu ya adani. Nobumba anasintha kulimbana ndi gulu la apakavalo kukhala kuphera ndi kumvetsetsa malo ndi zida. The Takeda inataya zikwi zambiri za Samu ndi kukwera kwa vin, gulu limene panthaŵi inaoneka ngati lankhondo.

Osaka: Kukonzanso Kwabwino kwa Besieger ndi Besieged

Siege wa ku Osaka, amene anamenyedwa m'mikupiti iŵiri (1614-1615), adawunikira mbali ina ya ziphunzitso za Sun: kufunika kwakukulu kwa kuyang'anira mapangano ndi mbali ya maganizo a nkhondo. Pambuyo pa Tokugawa Ieyasahu ya ku Segahara mu 1600, iye adakhala ndi shogunate koma anayang'anizana ndi woloŵa nyumba wa mfumu yake wakale, Toyotomi Hideyori, amene anakhala m'nyumba yapafupi ya Osaka. Tzu anachenjeza, “Kuzinga mzinda wokhala ndi linga ndi njira yomalizira. Iyeasewe choyamba kuchotsa chitetezo cha nyumbayo mwa pangano lamtendere, kugwiritsa ntchito “kusakaza adaniwo popanda kumenya nkhondo. ” Iye anatsogolera njira zankhondo.

Komabe, ndawalayo sinathere pamenepo. M'chaka cha 1615 Summer Campaign, magulu a Toyotomi amene tsopano anaikidwa ndi nkhondo yolimbana, kukakamiza nkhondo yoopsa ku Tenōji. Ieyasu, mosasamala kanthu za kupambana kwake, adataya moyo wake pamene Hideyori’s, Sanada Yudukara, atamenyedwa ndi mzera wake wakuda, kusonyeza Sun Tzu’s “kuponya malo ankhondo anu pamene kulibe populumukira. [1] Chilakiko chinali chomalizira cha kuyang'anira katundu ndi kusekera, koma chapafupi ndi Disterarder, anagogomezera kuti ngakhale wokonzekera kwambiri angachotsedwe ndi wotsutsa amene amasintha malamulo a pangano. Mkupinga kwa . Osakani akukumbutsa kuti kupambana kwa chipambano kwa chipambano kwa madera andale.

Kuthetsa Maphunziro: Kuchokera ku Nkhondo Kufikira ku Njira Zamakono

Kupenda nyengo ya Senguku pogwiritsa ntchito lens ya Sun Tzu kumasonyeza mfundo zingapo zokhalitsa zimene zimafika patali kuposa mbiri ya zankhondo.

  • Uchigawenga wa ku Greater Force : [1] Nobunaga ku Okezama ndi Ieyasu pantchito yake yonse yochitidwa mopambanitsa m'zolembera ndi malonda. Kudziŵa malo a adani, malo operekera, ndi makhalidwe abwino kaŵirikaŵiri kumatsimikizira kwambiri kuposa kukhala ndi asilikali ambiri. M’munda uliwonse wa mpikisano, kufufuza ndi kuzindikira zopinga za wopikisanayo kungavumbule zinthu zosayembekezereka.
  • Kuzindikira pa Rigid Doctrine : Kudzipereka kwa fuko la Takeda ku mwambo wawo wapakavalo kunali chiwonongeko chawo. Kutenga kwa Nobunaga arquebus ndi njira yake yamphamvu ya moto kwatsopano imasonyeza kuti kupambana kumafuna kudalira pa luso la zopangapangapanga ndi zochitika. Magulu amene amamamatira ku njira zachikale, ngakhale zopambana, amaika pangozi ku kuwonongedwa kwa Nagashino.
  • Exploit the Environment ndi Opponent’s Psychology: Mvula, nkhungu, ndi malo sizinali chabe malo a kutsogolo koma zopereka zogwira ntchito. Mwakusankha nthaka ndi kukonzanso zopinga (monga ngati Nagashino palisade), mkulu wankhondo amaumba mkanganowo asanawopsezedwe. Mofananamo, kubzala kusokonezeka, kunyenga kufooka, ndi kufutukula mizere ya adani kungapambane popanda kuopsa.
  • Win Winbot Combat ndi Pinnacle: Kuchotsa kwa Ieyasu ku machenjezo a Osaka kupyolera m'pangano, mmalo mwa kugwedeza malinga, kunapulumutsa miyoyo ndi chuma chosaŵerengeka. M'nkhani zamakono, mayanjano ndi mayanjano apadera amene amathetsa chiwopsezo popanda kusakaza kwa mtundu wa kupambana.

Sengaku Basara: Kusintha Kochititsa Kukangana

Sengoku Basara [1] Maseŵero a vidiyo, oyambitsidwa ndi Capcom, amatenga anthu a mbiri yakale ndi ntchito zawo za nthano ndi kuwajambula ndi maluso apamwamba, pamwamba pa , kuwonjezera pa kachitidwe. Pamene kuli kwakuti amaikaponso utsogoleri ndi chowonetsera, mpambowo uli wochititsa chidwi kuti apendepo kuwona maluso. Mkhalidwe uliwonse, wodziŵika ndi flamboy - apulane, umaonetsa utsogoleri wosiyana umene umafanana ndi mtundu wa Sun. Masewerawo amatchula mbiri yakale ya nthaŵiyo. Munthuyo amajambulanso mbiri yabwino ya nthaŵiyi.

Dati Masamune, losonyezedwa monga womenya nkhondo wokwera pa kavalo, akuyang'ana njira yamphamvu, ya liŵiro ya wolamulira amene akufuna kugonjetsa mdani asanapange chodzitetezera. Chipangizo chake chimaphunzitsa kufunika kwa kuyesayesa ndi mphamvu, pakati pa Sun Tzu lingaliro la kulanda “kupindula. Kusiyana, Uesuki Kenshin wamphamvu kwambiri, wowopsayo, akuyendetsa nthaŵi ya Mulungu ya kuyang'anira mtsogoleri amene akudikira nthaŵi yabwinoyo kuti amenyedwe ndi kupambana, kuyang'ana kwa mzimu woyera, kuyang'ana dala kuti amenye. Nthaŵi zina, kukonzekera kugonjetsa kwa Sada Yudumura.

Ngakhale chidole chodabwitsa, chisonyezero cha Tokugawa Ieyasu [1] kaŵirikaŵiri chosonyezedwa ndi chikhumbo chobisika kumbuyo kwamphamvu . Chimasonyeza katswiri waluso wautali amene amapanga migwirizano ndi kupirira kufikira pamene alimbana adzitulutsa. Mwa kusintha maluso a mbiri yakale kukhala amwadzidzidzi, maseŵero a togawa, Sangoma Basala [FL:1] akukhala chida chophunzirira mwadala koma chogwira mtima. Asungwa amachititsa malingaliro onga ngati kuyang'anira zinthu, (mpangidwe wa thanzi ndi kuthamanga), ndi njira zoukira. Chowoneka ndi chakuwoneka ndi, mkati mwake, chokumbutsa za chipwiritsira ndi nthaŵi za nkhondo. Kwa okondwerera m'maseŵera ameneŵa, [FTBLET]

Kupyola pa zilembo za munthu mmodzi. Ngakhale kuti woseŵerayo angagwiritse ntchito mkono wa drago wachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi kukuwaza mphezi, funso lalikulu limakhala lofanana ndi: Kodi mumagwiritsira ntchito bwanji zida zanu zochepetsera mphamvu yamphamvu kapena malo otetezeka?

Mapeto ake: Njira Yakale Yofanana ndi Yakalekale

Nthaŵi ya Nkhondo ya ku Japan inali kolabu yankhanza kaamba ka chiphunzitso chapadera. Ntchito ya Nobunaga, Hideyoshi, ndi Ieyasu inayesa Sun Tzu ya kutsutsa zinthu zenizeni zosakhululukira za nyengo, kuukira boma, ndi mfuti, zopereka maphunziro omwe sanatayepo kanthu. Kupambana kwa tizilombo tating'ono tofanana pa Nagano, ndi kuphana kwa wodwala wa Osaka, kutsutsana kwake kumasonyeza kuti nkhondo ndi yoyambirira ya maganizo, osati kokha zinthu. [FLT:] Njoka Baska yamphamvu yamphamvu yachiphatiki , m'kusankhanso kupha kwake kosintha kwa Nagano, ndi kuchotsa mzimu wake ku Osakaniza ku Osaka, kumatikumbutsa kuwona, kulongosola kwake, ndi kuopsa kwa kutsutsana kwa luso la nkhondo, ndi kuyesa kuyesa kufotokoza luso la anthu, kaya ndi kuyesa kufotokoza zaluso la mpangidwe waluso la mbiri yakale, kaya ndi kulongosola za kulongosola, kaya, ndi kulongosola za kulongosola kwake, ndi kulongosola kwake, ndi kulongosola kwake kwa ka kakhalidwe, ngakhale mpangidwe, mpangidwe, mpangidwe