Njira imene ana asodzi amafikira ku Ulaya siinafikirepo openyererawo, ndi ulendo wonse. Kuyambira pa kuulutsa koyamba kwa machenjera a ku Japan, oyang'anira a dzikolo, osunga zipata a chikhalidwe, ndi kusintha ziphunzitso zalamulo zakhala zolembedwa. Zina zimasonyeza kuti zinafika popanda kusokonezeka. Zina zinadulidwa, zinadulidwanso, kapena kutengedwa kotheratu chifukwa cha mantha a kumaloko ponena za chiwawa, zithunzithunzi za kugonana, kapena ngakhalenso za filosofi. Yuropu sanavomereze ndi liwu limodzi. Ilo linayankha ndi mawonekedwe a malamulo, ndi kuti kujambulako kukuchitikabe lerolino. Kuzindikira mmene zimenezo kwachitikira, ndi chimene chimatanthauza kaamba ka zimene mukuona pa wailesi, kufuna kujambula mbiri yakale ya zamalamulo, kuyang'anira, kuyang'anira, ndi kumasulira, kuima kwa anthu a m'malo a m'malo a m’malo a madera akui.

Maziko a Ntchitoyi: Mmene Anime Anasinthira Chilamulo cha ku Ulaya

Chinsinsi cha Japan sichinapite ku Ulaya mwakachetechete. Pamene maina ngati Kimba Bhite Moby , Racer , ndi [[FLT]] Marine Boy [[FLT:] [5] anayamba kuuluka chakumapeto kwa ma 1960 ndi kuchiyambiyambi kwa 1970, anafika m'dziko kumene wailesi yakanema inalamulira kwambiri ndi kutsendereza kwa boma. France, Italy, ndi Spain mwamsanga anakhala ndi mabodza aakulu, mapulogalamu osonyeza kwa achichepere ofunitsitsa. Koma makina alamulo kumbuyo kwa oloŵa malondawo anali kanthu kena koma kokongola. Makope opanga ndi opanga ma Brogilamuwo anali kusonyezedwa ndi mahazerosi a luntha la luntha la luntha la kutsutsana ndi kuchuluka kwa matopeto, ndi kuphatikizapo, kutumiza ndi kutumiza ndi kutumiza zisuzi.

Mu 1970, wailesi yakanema ya ku France inaulutsa motchuka kwambiri Goldorak . (Matembenuzidwe otchuka a [[FLT :2]] UFOTOLT Grendivator ) ku mayeso aakulu, koma chipambano cha ma TV chinayambitsanso kusokonezeka kwa chikhalidwe choyamba. Magulu a andale ndi makolo anakwiya ndi “zojambula zachifwamba” za makina ochitira chiwawa. Panalibe madongosolo a zaka zoyenerera a kujambula maluso obwera kunja, chotero nthaŵi zina amadulidwa pa ndege, kuchotsa zithunzithunzi, anaopa kuti ana awo akadachita kupenda kapena kujambulanso maluso. Malamulo alamulo opanga zinthu zotere anali ogwedera, kaŵirikaŵiri anali kuima pa malamulo a mtundu wonse.

Ma 1980 ndi 1990: Kumenyana ndi Kumenyana Kwachiŵeniŵeni Kukhala Kofala

Pofika pakati pa zaka za 7380, anime anali ndi mphamvu yolimba m'maprogramu a ana a ku Ulaya, ndipo anateronso pulogalamu. Italy, imene inabwera ndi mazana ambiri a mpambo, inatchuka ndi masinthidwe ake ochititsa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu. Mu 1985, nkhondoyo inasintha kwambiri ndi masinthidwe a mphamvu yapadera. [[FLT:] Hoku ku Ken [mipata] [[FFFFF:4] [yake] [yachikulu] [yake] "ya] Akufa ya North Star [FLD:] [5])) inaikidwa ndi zisonyezero za ana. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, zinangodulidwa, kapena kuzungulira, ku Germany, kufupirana kwa chiwonkhoma (mphining'onong'ono kwambiri, "[FFFF] (mogn:] [mong'ins , monga momwe zimachitira ndi ku Mediever, "Everseyakuti: "M]

Spanya anatengera chitsanzo chimenechi. Woulutsa TV wa boma, pansi pa chitsenderezo cha magulu a mabanja osasintha, anasonyezedwa mawu ofananawo kuchokera ku Sail Moon ndi kuyang'ana kuwopsa kwa thupi mu Saint Seiya [[FLT]] [[FLT]]. Kusinthaku kunkaoneka modabwitsa. Kaŵirikaŵiri openyerera a ku Ulaya sanali kuwona kanthu kena kokhala ndi chiŵindi. Kanthu kalamulo kaŵirikaŵiri kanali pa malamulo otetezera ana m'machezezezezeze, koma kusoŵa dongosolo logwirizana la kujambula kamodzi kanachititsa kuti madongosolowo asaulutsiridwe m'dziko limodzi ndi osawoneka bwino.

Ma 1990 adawonanso kutsutsana kwakukulu kwa chilolezo cha kusanthula. Pamene kutchuka kwa anamine kunakula, choncho kugaŵiridwa kopanda umboni. Matepi a bulug anafalitsidwa mofala, ndipo osunga ufulu a ku Japan, ongokonzedwa chatsopano pansi pa mapangano a dziko lonse a IP, anayamba kusuntha. Berne Convention ndi TRIPS Aption inawapatsa dzanja lolimba, koma lamulo linakhalabe lolimba. France, makamaka, linalimbitsa malamulo ake oletsa zolembera, koma misika yambiri yaing'ono ya ku Ulaya inasoŵa chifuno kapena njira zopimira vidiyo iliyonse [1]

Kuchokera pa Ntchito Yopasula Kufika Pakachitidwe Kake: Kumanga Masainilo a Malamulo

Malo osokoneza a ma 1980 ndi ma 1990 anasintha pang'onopang'ono kukhala olinganizidwa bwino, ngati adakali ogaŵanika, malo alamulo. Makina a bungwe la European Union anayamba kusokoneza malamulo ena, koma kusiyana kwa mayiko kunapitirizabe. Mwala wa malamulo amakono ndi vidiyo Yojambula Media Services (AVMSD) [AVD ,] yoyamba kuvomerezedwa mu 2010 ndi kukonzedwanso mu 2018. Lamulo limeneli limalamula kuti mamembala a boma atetezere ana ku zinthu zovulaza pa wailesi yakanema ndi, yofunika kwambiri, pa vidiyo 76demad ndi vidiyo. Imayala pansi, osati pa denga la kanema, lingalinganize malamulo okhwima, ndipo ambiri.

Kuwona mmene ichi chikuseŵerera, talingalirani mpambo umodzi: [[FLT :0] Kuukira Titan [1]. ku France, Conseil supérieur de l’audiovisuuel (CSA) poyambirira adagaŵira programu “yosavomerezedwa kaamba ka kupima kwa pansi pa 7612, koma pambuyo pa kudandaula za schisceral ndi katswiri wa ziŵili, inasonkhezeredwa kulola kuti ayambe kulowa pa de con 1616 [“16 nevershover." malo otchuka. Ku Germany, mpambowo analandira FS (Fregstkstrue dershow dershutchafts) ndi kuwona kwa kulingana ndi kuzungulira kwa dziko la London, kukhoza kutulutsa kofanana ndi kukwera kwa productrangedwaration ku United States.

Mabungwe amakono ameneŵa amagwirizana ndi utokoma wa ku Ulaya umene umalamuliranso chilolezo, malonda, ndi chitetezo cha madata. Mwachitsanzo, kusungidwa kwa ufulu wa IP kudutsa malire tsopano kumadalira pa ziŵiya zonga Enforcement (2004/49/EC) ndi zatsopano [[FLT:] zolunjikitsa pa Mabuku mu Digitalty Market [1] . Malamulo ameneŵa akongoletsa zida za makampani kuletsa kutulutsa ndi kutulutsa mabungwe a , koma amakhudzanso mmene mapulati onga Crunchroll, Netlix, ndi Gendial transmetic trations trans progrem

Nyengo Yotsatira: Kugaŵira Dziko Lonse, Kusungidwa kwa Malo

Kusinthasintha kwa dziko lapansi, mwachiwonekere, kwapangitsa kusiyana kwa kusanthula malo kuwonekera kwambiri, osati pang'ono. Mapulatifomu oyenda pansi angapereke kupendedwa kofananako kwa olembetsa onse a EU, koma m’zochitika iwo ayenera kugwiritsira ntchito malamulo ambiri a dzikolo. Mwachitsanzo, akuchitira a anima amene “amachititsa chiwawa " kapena“ kudziwononga okha mwa kuwopsa kwapadera, kutsogolera mapulatifomu ku mathithithithi ena kapena kupereka malamulo a mitundu yonse. OVA, amene ali ndi chiwawa choonekera bwino ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chisembwere, analetsedwa kotheratu m'mayiko ena ambiri a ku Germany ndi kudula makope ambiri; ngakhale kuchepetsa makope a mayiko ena ambiri.

Njira imeneyi yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu kukhazikitsa malo ochitira zinthu kupanga chosankha chimene mibadwo yakale ya opanga aimire sinafunikire kulingalira. Zopangazo tsopano nzopangidwa ndi “alangizi a": Baibulo lotetezeka la ku Japan, Baibulo lapadziko lonse lokhala ndi mfuti zina zimene zaikidwa pansi, ndipo m’zochitika zina “zolimba” zadulidwa kaamba ka magawo amene amafuna kusintha kwakukulu. Wachimuna wamatsenga genre, kaŵirikaŵiri wolingaliridwa kukhala wotetezeka, sali wotetezeka. Wonga ngati [FLT: 0] Magilla Madoka Magica [[FL:1] adayang'anizana ndi kuwopsa kwawo kwa maganizo, ndipo ngakhale kwa nthaŵi yaitali. Prective . [FLT:] Prect. [FF:]

AVMSD yokonzanso yaposachedwapa inatumizanso masiteshoni a vidiyo onga YouTube ndi Twitch kuti atenge njira zaukalamba zolimba ndi zokhala ndi zolembedwa . Kwa aime, zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale zingwe zalamulo, mangolo, ndi AMVs zingagwire m'masefa oyendera. Zomwe zili mkati mwa vidiyozo zimachotsedwa kapena kugawidwa ndi msinkhu, ndipo zimenezi zachititsa kukwiyitsa anthu a ku Ulaya omwe akuona kuti ali ndi mphamvu yokambirana ndi kukondwerera kasupe zikuchitidwa polisi mosayenera.

Kungoyerekezera, Kubera, ndi Kusinthika kwa Fandomu

Palibe mbali ya mbiri ya Anime ya ku Ulaya imene ili yogwirizana mwalamulo kapena yapadera monga kutembenuza kwa chikhalidwe. Kalekale, zigaŵenga za boma zisanakhaleko, ma wind gradtranslated mitwe ili njira yokha kwa olankhula Chijapani achilendo kuti apeze mpambo wa . Magulu a antchito odzifunira, ogwirizanitsidwa kupyola m'macheza ndi pa Web yoyambirira, ankatembenuza, nthaŵi, ndi kufalitsa zochitika, kuzigaŵira kudzera mu Usenet, BitTorrent, ndi kukopa mwachindunji. Pamene kuli kwakuti a Faibbing adaswa chilolezo choletsa kutsata pansi pa lamulo la Ulaya, imagwira ntchito m'malo alamulo kwa zaka zambiri: lamulo lakukambirana, ndipo osunga ufulu ambiri poyambirira anatembenuza maso chifukwa chakuti otsatsa malonda anali ogulitsa ndi ogulitsa zinthu a DVD.

Detente sanathe. Pamene malonda a ku Ulaya anakula, makomiti opanga zinthu a ku Japan ndi malaisensi a ku Ulaya anayamba kukakamiza. Pakati pa ma 762000, kachitidwe kalamulo kogwirizana kotsekereza makampani akuluakulu angapo ogaŵira mafayiubi, ndipo ISP adalamulidwa kutsekereza kuima kopitira ku BituTorrent ofufuza zinthu. Makomiti a UK’s Digital Economy ndi malamulo a HadoPI adayambitsa madongosolo alamulo a boma amene anaopseza ozembera mafayi ndi faindi kapena inta. IP’s EUS i-EFFU's Enforcentivective Conservation adavulaza malamulo a boma, kupangitsa kuti ufulu wotsatira ufulu wowolowera kudutsa malo otsutsana ndi malo olimbana ndi malo.

Komabe, kugwetsa malonda a animique, kunakakamiza dzanja la makampaniwo m’njira imene singathe kuitsatira. Kuthamanga ndi kukongola kwa mafashoni a divern [1] kunasonyeza kufunika kochepa kwa ma DVD akale, chigawo chotsekedwa DVD sizingakhutiritsi. Kusintha kumeneku kwachititsa chidwi kwambiri kuchititsa anthu oonerera kusoŵa ma DVD oletsedwa, ngakhale kuti mitsinje yowirira idakali kufalikira m'malo a Crunchroll ndi Wakhane (tsopano ku Crunchroll) (kuloŵerera m’kanthu wa ku Crunchroll) kunachititsa ntchito yojambula, kutchula zochitika zapamwamba m'maola m'maola a kanema. Kusintha kumeneku kwachepetsa kwambiri kwa makope a kampani a ku Japan. Kusintha kumeneku kwachepetsa kwambiri chikhumbo cha kuchuluka kwa anthu oonerera mafilimu ndi ofufuza zinthu popanda ntchito za boma la ofufuza za boma.

Mmene Chinenero Chooneka ndi Chotchedwa Censorship Chinasinthira Kalankhulidwe ka Anime

Mkono wautali wa miyezo ya kuulutsa kwa ku Ulaya sunangosintha kokha zithunzi zenizeni; unasonkhezera DNA ya kulenga ya aime yeniyeniyo. Mastudio a ku Japan, odziŵa bwino za misika yawo yotumiza kumaiko ena, anayamba kupanga zotsala zimene zikapita kumaiko akunja. Pofika ma 1980, olenga monga Go Nagai ([FLT: 0] Mazinger Z[[FLT:]], [[FLT:]]], Mdyerekezi [[FLT:]] munthu [FLT: 3]] [machenjera [machenjera])] ndi Lei Mato Mato ([FLT:] [[5] [zithunzi] [zithunzi] zachimo] [za] , zinakhala zosinthanidwa ndi kusintha kwachimo. [zithunzi], zinakhala zopinga zopinga ku Ulaya, kapena kutembenuzidwa kwachippe.

Kusintha kumeneku sikunali kosaoneka nthaŵi zonse. M' Kaputeni Harlock , mwachitsanzo, Afalansa ndi Ataliyana anafeŵetsa malire olimbana ndi kulembera, kukhazikitsa chipanduko cha m’mlengalenga monga kuukira kwabwino kochepa kwa 76on. Pamene [FLT:] Gunster adafika ku Ulaya, nkhondo ndi imfa za mchenga zinaikidwa pansi, ndipo kukwera kwa mafanizowo kunachotsedwa nthaŵi zina [1] ku kusinthika kwa mbiri yakale ya Ulaya. Masinthidwe ameneŵa anawonjezeka ndi “kudulidwa kwapadera kwa Sukin" kumene kunafikira, ndi kuchuluka kwa otchuka ndi ocheperapo amene anali ndi otchuka kwambiri.

Studios monga Gainex ndi Toei anaphunzira kupanga zithunzi zazikulu zambiri mkati mwa kupangidwa, kuyembekezera kusanthula. Chotulukapo chinali njira ziŵiri zofufuzira wailesi yakanema: kuulutsa wailesi yakanema koperekedwa , pamene vidiyo yapanyumba imatulutsa pulogalamu ya “kusadulidwa" kwa ochirikiza amene anaifuna. Kusintha kumeneku kunasonkhezera msika wa osonkhanitsa zinthu ndi kukweza magazini odziŵa bwino monga Falansa [[FLT: 0]] Anime Land , zimene zinafotokoza bwino lomwe kusiyana pakati pa mabaibulo. Chidziŵitso cha zimene zinasintha kukhala mtundu wa mwambo wa makampani a ku Ulaya.

Chivomerezo cha Amalonda ndi Nkhondo Yoyenda Patsogolo ya Tugˈof Ú

Atsogoleri a Ulaya akhala akuyesa kwa nthaŵi yaitali kulinganiza kugwirizana kwa lamulo ndi ziyembekezo za anthu, ndipo zotulukapo zake kaŵirikaŵiri nzolakwika. Pamene Federal Review Board ya Germany inaletsa kugulitsa Uroturuji . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kuonetsa kwa mafilimu a kanema [[FLT:] kutembenuza [FLT] kutulutsa buku la Genesis Evangelion [[FLT: 3] adasungidwa kwa miyezi yambiri pamene maulamuliro adatsendereza mphamvu yake ya maganizo ndi kujambula kwake kwachipembedzo. M'kangano yonse, U, BFFFF kukana kupambana kupambana makope otchuka. [FFFF: FT.] Kumasula kumasula kutembenuzidwa kwa chiwongopetoletso cha chiwongo, pambuyo pa kutulutsa chivoletso cha chiwonjezo chakutoletso chakusintha chosintha chosintha chofala chakusintha chakusintha ndi kumbuyo kwa chika.

Masiku ano malonda a ku Ulaya ogulitsa matenda a apulaneti amagaŵikana kwambiri kuposa kale, komanso kuonekera kwambiri. Ziŵerengero za zaka za . Zilembo za JPEG, BBFC, FSK, ndi matupi ena zimasonyezedwa pa mapulogalamu otsatizana, kupatsa oonerera lingaliro lachilendo la zimene ayenera kuyembekezera. Mapepala ayambanso kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo zolembedwa pa nkhani zina zofunikira, monga ngati “chiwawa,” ndi“ malingaliro a uchiphalalo. Machenjezo ameneŵa ndi, m’njira zambiri, zotsatira za nkhondo zofufuza zapapitapo [1] Kuvomereza kuti omvetserawo ali osiyana ndi kuti ziletso zopanda pake. Komabe malamulowo sathandiza kwenikweni. Pamene dzikolo likuikabe lamulo longa Hungary likuletsa lamulo la kugonana kwa amuna ndi akazi anzawo, ndipo limakhala ndi LGGE.

Zimene Mtsogolo Muli

Ulendo wa Anime walamulo ndi wofufuza ku Ulaya ndi woyambirira. Bungwe la European Commission likukonza malamulo ake a digital à à regital Services, AVMS, ndi malamulo a dziko lonse adzapangadi mfundo zatsopano zotsutsana. Zida za luntha zayamba kuikidwa kaamba ka kulinganizika kwa zinthu zopangidwa ndi galimoto, kukulitsa kuyang'aniridwa kwa madeti opitirira 160 BBC ndi kuchotsedwa kwa zithunzi zalamulo zolembedwa zotsatiridwa ndi maalgalamu amene sangamvetsetse nkhani.

Kwa otsata, phunziro la mbiri yakale nlomvekera bwino: Antime imene ikufika pa wailesi yanu ndi chotulukapo cha kukambitsirana kocholoŵana. Matembenuzidwe amene mumawonerera apangidwa ndi zigamulo za khoti, ndi kusokonezeka kwa chikhalidwe, ndi kulembedwa ndi chilolezo chachilolezo kuchotsa phwando lachijapani lopanda malire a kuyerekezera ndi malamulo ake enieni.