Osamu Tezuka amadziŵika kwambiri kukhala “atate” a aime , ndipo chisonkhezero chake pa maluso a ku Japan nchosatheka kupitirira . Kupyolera m'nkhani zopeka njira zofotokozera, kuyesa, ndi kuona kwaluso, Temuka anayambitsa misonkhano yambiri imene imalongosola kuti ndimzimake lerolino. Iye anakweza munthu ndi kugwira ntchito kuchokera ku zosangulutsa za ana zosavuta kutsogolera magalimoto okhoza kupenda zinthu zopanda pake, zasayansi, ndi kulephera kwaumunthu. Popanda zoyesayesa zake zaupainiya, makampani ambiri monga mmene mukudziŵa — kuchokera ku zithunzi zake zachuma — amaoneka mosiyana.

Zaka Zoyambirira za Masomphenya

Kuti mumvetsetse mmene Tezuka akukhudzira, mufunikira kupenda moyo wake waunyamata ndi ulendo wosavomerezeka umene unaphatikiza mankhwala ndi zojambulajambula.

Moyo Woyambirira ndi Kugalamuka Kochititsa Chidwi

Wobadwa ku Toyonaka, Osaka, mu 1928, Osamu Tezuka anakulira ndi banja limene linalimbikitsa kujambula ndi kusimba nkhani. Mukapeza kuti anali kujambula nthaŵi zonse, ngakhale m’zaka zachisoni za Nkhondo Yadziko II, pamene pepala linali losoŵa ndi tsogolo la Japan losatsimikizirika. Kusonkhanitsa kwa atate wake masewero a Western ndi kudzipereka kwa amayi ake ku Takaraka Revue wobzalidwa mbewu za kanema ndi maso. Kuphatikiza kwa mwambo wa ku Western Dalt Disney ndi kujambula kwa opeka. Kuwona Walt Disyneyn [[FLT: 0] [FLT: 1] kwa nthaŵi zambiri] , Teka adasintha mphamvu ya malingaliro a kupekereza, maso otsekemera, ndi nthaŵi yake yatcheru. Kuphatikizana kwa mwambo wa ku Western Daynism ndi kutsogolo kwa ku Westina.

Sukulu ya Zamankhwala ndi Kuyenda Pamodzi

Pamene kuli kwakuti ojambula a manga ambiri amadzipereka okha kuluso, Tezuka analondola digiri ya zamankhwala pa Osaka University, potsirizira pake kukhala dokotala wovomerezedwa. Mungadabwe chifukwa chake wophunzira wa zamankhwala wotanganitsidwa amathera usiku akujambula maseŵero. Kwa iye, maphunziro aŵiriwo anadyetsana. Maphunziro ake a zachipatala adadziŵitsa chisamaliro chake chakuya ponena za mapangidwe a anthu, matenda, ndi imfa, nkhani zimene zinakhalako pa ntchito yake. [FLT: 0] Bremp Jack , kukwaniritsa dokotala wa opaleshoni yoyang'ana moyo kapena imfa, zikukhalabe chimodzi cha zitsanzo zodabwitsa kwambiri. Temuka anasonyeza kuti maganizo a sayansi angagwirizane ndi maluso ake onse aŵiri, kuchititsa ulemu kwa anthu a zamankhwala ndi chikhalidwe cha dziko.

Kukula monga ‘ Mulungu wa Manga’

Pofika kuma 1950, Tezuka anali kujambulanso nkhani zachijapani mochititsa chidwi. Anafalitsa njira yojambula zithunzi za m'zaka zonse. Masewera osiyanasiyana, kujambula ndi kujambula nkhope, ndi kukonza zinthu zooneka bwino ndi kujambula mafilimu. Njira imeneyi inachititsa nkhani zake kumveka zachilendo ndi kuchititsa chidwi. Iye anakonda oŵerenga amisinkhu yonse, kuluka nthabwala zokometsera, ndi kujambula zinthu za m’mbiri. Sales anasintha kwambiri, ndipo mbadwo watsopano wa akatswiri a zithunzi anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito njira zake. Mutu wa Manga” Sumasuta chifukwa cha kutulutsa kwake kopambana — mavoliyumu 700 — koma chifukwa chakuti anasintha kwambiri zothekerazo. Stus ndi ofalitsa ankatha kujambula ndi kutchuka kwa anthu.

Ntchito Zofotokoza Zimene Zinapanga Mtundu Wapakati

Tezuka’s pourfolio imakula zaka makumi ambiri, koma maina angapo amawonekera kaamba ka chisonkhezero chawo chosatha. New Tributy Island [1] (1947) adagulitsa mazana zikwi za makope ndi oŵerenga odabwa ndi kuswa kwake pepala. Princessss Kynbon ([FLT:] Ribon] ndi Kishi ) adayambitsa kusungunulira pamodzi mafotokozedwe ake akale, kutsutsa kwake kwa heroin, amene anatsutsa malingaliro a kugonana kwa akazi, kusonkhezera mwachindunji munthu ndi munthu. [FUFF:] [FLT] [F] [5]

Kusintha Kachitidwe Kake: Kuchokera Patsamba Kupita ku Disiki

Iye ankafuna kuti anthu amene anali kuoneka kuti ndi abwino ayambe kuoneka bwino.

Maziko a Zotulukapo za Tezuka

Kuchiyambi kwa ma 1960, Tezuka Productations adayambitsa Tezuka kuti ayang'ane kazitape wake womakulakula wa manga ndi kuloŵa m'dziko lofuna maluso. kampaniyi inakhala laboratori yopanga zinthu kumene akatswiri ndi akatswiri angayese njira zosungira zinthu zotayirira popanda kutaya ndalama. Kuti apitirizebe kutulutsa, anakonza “maluso oyenera [1]. Kugwiritsa ntchito maluso ochepa pa sekondi imodzi pamene kujambula ndi maengelezezesi a kamera amphamvu, malo oonekera bwino, ndi kujambula . Zimenezi zinatheketsa pulogalamu yamakono ya a a a a a aime kuti ayambe kugwiritsa ntchito mafilimu a TV omwe tsopano ali ndi mapulogalamu ake. Teka Productions zinayambitsanso njira yothandiza kuti kayendetsere ka zinthu m’malo, zinthu zambiri za pa TV zikhale.

Mnyamata wa Astro ndi Kusintha kwa Chidwi pa TV

Pamene [[FLT: 0] Astro Boy ([FLT:]] TEUWAN ) adasonyezedwa koyamba pa wailesi yakanema ya ku Japan mu 1963, inasonyeza posinthira makampani onse opanga mayeso. Nkhanizo zinatsatira mnyamata wa roboti wokhala ndi malingaliro aumunthu, kutsendereza tsankhu, nkhondo, ndi tanthauzo la banja. Zogwirizana ndi kachitidwe kake, malingaliro, ndi ndemanga za chikhalidwe. ] Astrot Anasonyeza kuti wotchuka wopenyerera woonerera, kutulutsa ndi kuyambitsa TV ndi kukhazikitsa mkhalidwe wake wamakono. [kuwonekerabe]

Kusiyanitsa Makhalidwe ndi Chinenero Chowoneka ndi Mawonekedwe

Teluka anakana kuikidwa m'mabokosi amodzi. Anatsatira [[FLT: 0] Astro Boyn ndi ndi Kimba Bhite Jus ([FLT]]] [[FLT]]] Jungle Taitei ), imodzi ya mipambo ya mawonekedwe akanema oyambirira, imene imaloŵetsa mauthenga a chilengedwe ndi makhalidwe abwino m'makedzana kubwera ndi ku chochitika cha. [FLTH:] Doro , wopezeka pakati pa mafilimu amakono, wotsalirapo ndi wotsalirapo, ngakhale kuti pambuyo pake athandiza. [FTYNT.FLT] Zinsip] Zinsinsinsi , zinapanga makope amakono otsalira m'machenjera a pulogalamu amakono.

Choloŵa Chokhalitsa cha Chikhalidwe

Zida za m’mizere ya Tezuka zimaonekera osati m’madesi a zilembo zokha, koma m’miyambo ya anthu ambiri kulinga ku mawailesi akanema a ku Japan ndi m’maluso amene ojambula zithunzi amagwiritsira ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku.

Kusokoneza Chikhalidwe cha Anthu a ku Japan

Tezuko, manga kaŵirikaŵiri anali ndi kunyozedwa monga ngati “Tezuka: Kuwopsa kwa Manga, , ndi mantha okhalapo kunasonyeza kuti nkhani za mafanizo zikhoza kukhala ndi kulemera kwakukulu. Mkhalidwe wa Astro Boy unakhala wa mtundu, wowonekera pa zonse kuyambira pa zidindo zapambuyo mpaka ku maseŵero otetezera. Zojambula zamakono za umande, mzera wokongola, kuseketsa kwa dziko lonse, kugogomezera ntchito yake monga nthumwi ya chikhalidwe. Nkhani zake za m'maseŵero a mavidiyo, ojambula mafilimu, ndi opanga mafilimu mkati mwa Japan ndi kunja kwa dziko. Chithunzi chamakono — maso oulutsa, ntchito yosangalatsa, kuseketsa ndi tsoka — zikukopa kwambiri kuchokera ku maseŵero a Teka. Mukhoza kuwona ndi makampani ake a zamakono otchuka ndi mafilimu otchuka ndi mafilimu otchuka oyendera a yunivesite otchuka. [Alventine]

Kufotokoza ndi Kupeka Kwaluso

Tezuka a magetsi a luso la zojambulajambula anakhala galamala ya manga ndi opanga zinthu. Anagwiritsa ntchito njira zonga ngati kuyandikira kwa maso kwa nthaŵi yaitali pamene akusonyeza malingaliro, kusungunulira pakati pa zithunzi, ndi mawonekedwe apadera kuti apereke lingaliro la liŵiro ndi kufulumira. Zilembo zake, kaŵirikaŵiri zokokedwa ndi maso aakulu, zinapereka kusintha kwa malingaliro kwakuti anthu angaŵerengere nthaŵi yomweyo. Kapangidwe kameneka kake kake ka maluso a maluso akuthupi kuzungulira kampani. Anatchukitsanso lingaliro la “dongosolo la zinthu zapamwamba" — kubwereranso kwa aŵatawa, monga ngati a thakio. Mushkioustio kapena wotchukayo Shout - tsu, amene anawonekera kudutsa nkhani zake zachilendo. Kudzipanga thamboku kuwonjezera kwa anthu ndi kulimbikitsa oŵerenga ake ambiri. Katswiri wina wotchuka wamakono, adalemba mawu a munthu wamakono, .

Kupuma ndi Kukambitsirana kwa Mtanda

Tezuka anatulukira m'nkhani yotchuka pakati pa Kummaŵa ndi Kumadzulo. Ulemu wake wa Walt Disney unaumba chikhulupiriro chake m'maseŵera a zisonyezero a anthu padziko lonse, pamene chikondi chake cha a jukiyo-e monga Hokusai chinakhazikitsa zolemba zake m'Chijapani za miyambo ya zojambula. Anasintha kumveka kwa zithunzi za zithunzi za mzera kuchokera ku utototo wa mu utototo ndi ojambula a nyuzipepala ya ku America. Kuwolowera kwake kope kunatulutsa chida chimene chinapanga ponse paŵiri ndi chozoloŵera kwa anthu osiyanasiyana. Teka adavomereza poyera ngongole zake zaluso, ndipo kutembenuza ntchito yake yosonkhezera ya ku Western Adoma — kuchokera ku ojambula nyimbo zosetsa kwa oimba nyimbo zonga ngati Stanley Kub, amene anasimba kuti akope kujambula kwake nkhani yake. Kuchotsa kwake ndi kuwasintha kwa anthu mchitidwe wamakono kwa anthu m’munda wa kukonzanso.

Malonda, Luso la Zaluso, ndi Maindasitale a Anime

Kuwonjezera pa luso la zojambulajambula, Tezuka anasinthanso mmene makampani opanga mafilimu amagwirira ntchito ndi mmene amayendetsera zinthu za anthu anzeru.

Chitsanzo cha Ochita Mayeso Ochepa ndi Mmene Chimakhudzira

Poyang'anizana ndi maulaketi ang'onoang'ono a Astro Boy , Tezuka adapanga njira yopangira yotchitira ndalama zimene zinagwiritsira ntchito kumbuyo, kuyendayenda kwa katchulidwe, ndi kudalira pa mafosili osonyeza. Njira imeneyi, nthaŵi zina yotsutsidwa ndi masamu a mwambo, inatsimikizira kukhala yofunika kwambiri pa ndandanda ya wailesi yakanema. Inachepetsa chopinga cha kuloŵa m'masewero atsopano ndi kulola Japan kupanga mpambo wochititsa kuchuluka pamtengo wooneka m'mafakitale mu America. Chitsanzocho chimapangitsa kuti mpikisano wa masamu a 1970 ndi 80, kukwera kwa “nthaŵi zamakono zamakono. Pamene kuli kwakuti pambuyo pake opangawo amapanga maluso ambiri, maganizo oyenda bwino a m’kapinga.

Kusintha Unyinji ndi Kuwonjezeka kwa Dziko Lonse

Tezuka anamvetsetsa kuti zolengedwa zake zinali ndi kuthekera kwa padziko lonse kalekale asanayambe kuoneka. Anakambirana za makampani a makampani a Astro Boy , Kimba , ndi zinthu zina zimene zinabweretsa maluso a ku Japan ku America ndi ku Ulaya mkati mwa 1960. Zomwezo, kaŵirikaŵiri zimatchulidwa ndi kukonzedwa, kuyambitsa mbadwo wa anthu a kumaiko akunja owonekera bwino. Malo okongolawo adathandiza kukhazikitsa pambuyo pake maluso a kugaŵira zinthu zamitundu yonse monga [FLT:] PKOT [FF: FD] [FF: FT] ndi kutembenuzirapo. [FFFF:]

Kuseŵera ndi Mbadwo Wotsatira

Tezuka Productotions inatumikira monga maziko ophunzitsira akatswiri ambiri omwe pambuyo pake anakhala atsogoleri a maindasitale. Akatswiri amene anagwira ntchito yake anatengera nzeru zake zosimba ndi makhalidwe ake a ntchito, kenako anabalalika ku Japan konse kuti apeze mastudio, mafilimu olunjika, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito luso lina. Njira za situdioyi zinathandiza kwambiri m'masewero a nyumba ndi kuyendetsa bwino zinthu zimene zinakhudza makampani a zopanga makampani. Tezuka analimbikira kuyang'anira manga ndi a aime monga galimoto zolankhulira mwamphamvu monga Haya Mizaki ndi Mamor Oshi , amene avomereza kuti atsogomeretsa ngakhale maluso awo apamwamba.

Chikalata Chotchedwa Phoenix: Masomphenya a Tezuka Onena za M’tsogolo

Tezuka yomaliza, yosatha, yotchuka kwambiri [[FLT: 0] Phoenix . Iye anafufuza mtundu wa moyo, imfa, ndi kutsungula kwa moyo. Nkhanizo zinakhala fanizo la kukhalapo kwake kwachikhalire. Koma malingaliro ake akupitirizabe kuzungulira pampambo uliwonse wa aimani imene imathetsa mafunso aakulu. Anyamata ake, kuchokera kwa mwana wotchuka kwa dokotala wopatuka, amakhalabe ndi chizindikiro cha Japanoni. Manger mamyuziyamu ku Takaraka ndi kuwonetsera kuzungulira dziko lapansi amasunga maluso ake oyambirira a anthu, pamene kulibe kuti ayamba kumanganso ndi kukonzanso zinthu zapadera kwa anthu ake otchuka. Iye amapanganso maluso a zamalonda, amapanga mabizinesi, ndi kukonzanso zinthu zapamwamba zamalonda, ndipo amapanga makampani ake opanga malonda otchuka padziko lonse lapansi. Oka adapanganso zinthu zina zopanga maluso ambiri. [Am'kutulukiranso mphamvu zake zamphamvu za kuwonjezera za kutulukira kwa munthu wopanga zinthu. [ake, wotchuka kwambiri.]