Kuchokera ku phanga lakale kwambiri mpaka ku madanga ozungulira, kusimba nkhani ndi ulusi umene umagwirizanitsa anthu. M’nkhani iliyonse, timapeza anthu amene amazindikira mwamsanga zinthu zomwe akudziwa bwino. (katswiri wachichepere wolimba mtima, mlangizi wakale wanzeru, woopsa wa mthunzi. Zithunzi zimenezi sizichokera ku mpweya wochepa; zimamangidwa pamizere yozama imene imaposa nthano iliyonse. Zojambula zimenezi, zodziŵika ngati ma trope, zimatumikira monga DNA ya madetime otchuka, kuumba ziyembekezo ngakhale tsamba loyamba lisanatembenuzike kapena kutsegulidwa. Kumvetsa ntchito ya tros si luso lamaphunziro chabe.

Kufotokoza Mapilo: Zopinga Zomanga Zakumwa

Trope ndi msonkhano wodziŵika m'ntchito yolenga [1] a pulogalamu, mumndandanda, kapena mtundu wa anthu amene amabwereranso m'nkhani zambiri. M'mabuku, kanema, wailesi yakanema, ndipo ngakhale maseŵera a vidiyo, trope amagwira ntchito monga mtundu wa manja. Pamene munthu ayenda m’chipinda atavala chisoti chakuda ndi kunyodola, omvetserawo azindikira mwamsanga kuti ali odziŵa kujambula zinthu zimenezi. Kuzindikira kumeneku sikuli chotulukapo cha kuonetsa kolemera; kuli ntchito ya trope. [[FLT:] Online repotory monga Trups adajambula zikwizikwi za zipangizo zimenezi, kusonyeza mmene amafalitsira malo athu oulutsa zinthu.

Ma Trope amasokonezedwa ndi clichés, koma nkhani zake n’zosiyana. Trope amasanduka cliché kokha pamene aphedwa popanda kulingalira, kungokhala chigoba cha zidutswa za cholinga chake choyambirira. M’maonekedwe ake abwino, trope ndi zida zaluso. Amalola munthu wolemba nkhani kunyalanyaza kulinganiza kwa nthaŵi yaitali ndi kupenda mwachindunji maziko a maganizo kapena makhalidwe a anthu. Kutcha “mlangiziyo" mwamsanga kuyambitsa mayanjano: nzeru, chitsogozo, imfa, ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri mphatso yofunika. Omvetsera amadzaza ndi zophonya kuchokera ku zokumana nazo zawo, kupanga unansi pakati pa wolenga ndi wogula. Komabe, kukhoza kuchititsa chidwi kuswa ngati kawonekedwe kake kake kake kake kawo n’kukhala koluluka, kutembenuza kuyang'ka.

Mphamvu Yosatha ya Makhalidwe Abwino

Pansi pa trippes pali mawonekedwe akuya, akale kwambiri a madeti a . Lingaliro, lophunziridwa kwambiri ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo Carl Jung ndipo pambuyo pake lotchuka m’nthanthi ndi Joseph Campbell (] "Hero wokhala ndi mawonekedwe zikwi zambiri" [[FLT:]]), limaimira zilembo za anthu anthano zomwe zimayendera limodzi. Zilembo za mbiri yakale siziri zilembo zenizeni koma zilembo: maonekedwe a Hero, Trickster . Jung adanena kuti zithunzi zimenezi zimachokera kwa munthu wosazindikira, mtundu wa choloŵa cha maganizo chimene chimalongosola chifukwa chake ngwazi za nthano zachi, anthu a ku Africa, ndi mafilimu amakono amakono akusiyanasiyana.

Malembo aakulu amabwera ndi ziyembekezo zokhazikika zimene zimasonyezedwa pa ma trope. Chilembo cha Hero choyambirira chingaonekere mwa tropes monga “Wosankhidwa,”“ Reluct Hero,” kapena “Wopanda Masiye. . "Chithunzi cha Masiye chimafika kaŵirikaŵiri monga “Wanzeru wakale wanzeru” kapena“ Wosatsutsika. Mapimelo a mthunzi amatengera mtundu wa “Ambuye Wakuda,” kapena“ Woipa.

  • , [1] Chiro , chimayendetsa nkhaniyo kutsogolo, kuyang'anizana ndi nkhondo yaikulu, ndi kudzimana kaamba ka chinthu chachikulu. Zingwe: ana amasiye, wosankhidwa, wotsutsa heliro.
  • [[FLT: 0] Mtsogoleri: Amapereka nzeru, zida, ndi maphunziro. Kaŵirikaŵiri amafa kapena amachoka kuti aumirize munthu walusoyo kudziimira payekha. Mapiko: mbuye wakale, mphunzitsi wodetsedwa.
  • Mthunzi : imaimira chithunzi cha mdima cha ngwazi, katswiri wankhondo amene kaŵirikaŵiri amagaŵana cholakwika chachikulu kapena chilonda. Zikopa: kalirole wakuda, wochimwa ndi tsope.
  • Alusito / Sidekick : Imapereka chichirikizo, mpumulo wa zoseketsa, kapena lingaliro losiyana. Zolemba: bwenzi lokhulupirika, mpumulo wa masewero, chikumbumtima.
  • [[FLT: 0] Trickster : [[FLT :1] imasokoneza mkhalidwe wa mkhalidwe, imadzetsa kusintha m'chipwirikiti, kaŵirikaŵiri imatumikira kunja kwa malamulo. Trope: munthu wosocheretsa, jagugulo wokongola.

Luso la wolembayo limakhala losankha mpukutu umene angaugwire ndi umene angaugwiritse ntchito poyang’anitsitsa zizindikirozo.

Mmene Mapazi Amakhudzira Ziyembekezo ndi Zokhutiritsa

Woŵerenga aliyense kapena woonerera akufikira nkhani yokhala ndi laibulale yosaoneka ya chidziŵitso cha trope. Laibulale imeneyi imamangidwa kuchokera ku nthano zoyambirira zimene amamva, zoseketsa zimene amaonerera, ndi manope alionse amene amawagwiritsira ntchito. Pamene nkhani ifutukuka, ubongo umawoneratu zizindikiro zobwera mofulumira zotsutsana ndi laibulaleyi. Munthu woyambitsidwa ndi kubwerera kwa piringizo koopsa ndi mphamvu yachinsinsi imasonkhezera “wosankhidwayo,” ndipo omvetserawo amayamba kulosera: Adzakhala ndi kudabwa, kukana, phungu, kutsutsana komaliza. Chisangalakolako cha nkhani zofotokoza zina chili m’chitsimikiziro cha maulosi ameneŵa , kukhutiritsa kuti aonere nyimbo zoimba.

Chitonthozo cha Anthu Ozoloŵerana Nawo: Chifukwa Chake Timafufuza Njira Zodziŵika

Coogpry psychology imapereka lingaliro lakuti kuzindikira kwa njira ya kupulumuka; ubongo wathu umaikidwa pa foni kufuna dongosolo ndi kudziŵiratu. M'nkhani, zimenezi zimatembenuza kusungika kwa malingaliro. Kupenyerera “mphini wa m'masewera” trope imaseŵera ndendende monga momwe amafunira. Omvetsera samayang'ana filimu ya Hallmark kuti asokoneze ziyembekezo zawo. M’malo mwake, kubwerezanso kwaulemu kwa mzinda wa msungwana wobwerera ku stom-ka ndi mbanda ya chikondi kumapereka mwambo wotonthoza. Imeneyi ndi nkhope yabwino ya tropes: iwo amakhutiritsa chosoŵa chachikulu cha munthu kaamba ka chidziŵitso. Iwo ali okhoza kukumana nawo, kudziŵanso kapangidwe kawonekedwe ka malaŵiwo.

Kuopsa kwa Kulosera: Pamene Kusintha Kozoloŵereka Kusintha

Kuzoloŵerana kofananako kungathenso kuthe. Ngati trope iikidwa popanda kuwonjezera mtundu wina, imakhala chinthu chopanda pake. Oimba anganyozedwa pamene mbali ya dickick iyambitsidwa ku nthabwala za crack, kufa ndi maseŵero osavuta, kapena kutumikira monga makina osonyeza zinthu, chifukwa chakuti njirayo yakhala yotchuka kwambiri popanda kuiganizira. Kulimba mtima kumapha munthu. Ngati mlangizi wa ngwazi amaoneka wovala zovala zoyera ndi kulankhula mwa mbanda, ndipo omverawo nthaŵi yomweyo akunena kuti “akufa mwa kuchitapo ziŵiri, ndipo kenaka mazira a mtima kwambiri a imfayo amawonjezedwa asanabwere. Mzera pakati pa kapetengo wakufa ndi wakufa ndi wochepa, ndipo amawolowera pamene wolemba pa piriti pa ndandanda ya ntchito yake.

Zovala Zotchuka za M’khosi ndi Zotengera Zake

Kuti tione mmene anthu akugwiritsira ntchito mapepalawa, tingaonenso mmene amagwiritsira ntchito zitsime za m’zitsime za m’mabwinja, ndipo chilichonse mwa zitsimezi chimakhala ndi sutukesi ya anthu amene akuchiyembekezera; kuchotsa sutikesi kumasonyeza mphamvu ndi kuopsa kwa chipangizocho.

  • Wosankhidwa: Woyambitsidwa m'chizindikiro cha Hero, trope imeneyi imatchula munthu mmodzi monga woikidwiratu kuthetsera nkhondo yaikulu. Ziyembekezo zimaphatikizapo kutulukira maluso obisika, ulosi, ndi mayeso omalizira. Ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito mopambanitsa, angamve ngati kuti ali ndi mphamvu yoletsa, kuchotsa khalidwe la bungwe.
  • Femme Fatale : Msanganizo wocholoŵana wa mthunzi ndi mapikicha a Trickster, trope imeneyi imagwiritsira ntchito kukongola ndi kugonana monga zida. Omvetsera amayembekezera chinsinsi, kuperekedwa, ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri kubwezera kapena kusakaza. Masinthidwe amakono amafuna kumbwezera njira yake mmalo mwa kumpangitsa kukhala munthu wakhalidwe lachimuna.
  • Mwini Wamkulu Wanzeru: [[FLT :1] adatengedwa mwachindunji kuchokera ku archetype ya Menter ndi Senex (mkhala wakale wanzeru) Jung . Tikuyembekezera nzeru yachinsinsi, mbiri ya nkhondo zakale, ndi kutuluka kwa nsembe. Kusungunula kungaloŵetsedwe m'malemba ngati mavesi onse ali chinsinsi.
  • Anti-Hero : [[FLT ,1] Kupandukira Hero yotchuka, trope imeneyi imakhala yosadziŵika bwino. Omvetsera amayembekezera nkhondo yamkati, njira zokayikitsa, ndi chomalizira, kaŵirikaŵiri chowopsa. Chikopa chiri m'kusweka kwa mpangidwe, kumene kumasonyeza chenicheni chocholoŵana kwambiri kuposa usiku wonyezimira.
  • [[FLT: 0] Damsel m'Nsautso: m'mbiri yogwirizana ndi chikondwerero cha chikondi chosagwira ntchito kapena chopereka mphotho, trope imeneyi iri ndi mkhalidwe wopsinjika maganizo wotumikira kwakukulukulu monga chisonkhezero cha ngwazi. Kuyembekezerako kumapulumutsa; kupanduka kwamakono kuli pamene mwana wamkazi adzipulumutsa yekha, kuswa trope wakale kotheratu.

Zitsanzo zimenezi zikusonyeza mfundo yofunika kwambiri: Ngati munthu aumirira kwambiri m’mizu yake yosungiramo zinthu zopanda chikopa popanda kufunsa mafunso a masiku ano, ndiye kuti n’zotheka kwambiri kuti amve ngati kuti wasiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawo.

Kudzitengera Misonkho ndi Kusintha: Kuseŵera ndi Kutengeka Maganizo kwa Omvera

Kuzizwitsa kwenikweni kwa trope kumaonekera osati pamene atsatiridwa, koma pamene apotozedwa. Ascroing ndi njira yodziŵira imene wosimba nkhaniyo amakhazikitsa dala njira yodziŵika yoiswa, kuchititsa kudabwa, kudabwa, kapena tanthauzo lalikulu. Chiyambukiro chimadalira kotheratu pa chidziŵitso cha omvetsera cha trope. Popanda njira yoyambirira, kulakwako sikungapereke umboni. Chitsanzo chapadera n’chachikale mu George R.R. “GO la Thrones,” pamene ngwazi yooneka, Ned Stark, itha. Nkhani yonseyo inadalira pa chiyembekezo cha chipambano cha ngwazi yolemekezeka; imfa yake yosweka imene imakhala pansi pa malamulo osiyanasiyana.

Pamene Njoka Zilephera: Chiswe ndi Chiswe

Ngwazi yoyembekezeredwa kupulumutsa tsikulo ndi imodzi ya ma trope akale kwambiri. Kuibisa imatanthauza kulola ngwazi kulephera mowopsa, kapena ngakhale kukhala wolakwa. Mafilimu onga “Aganizi” ndi“ Kukonza Moipa” amapanga mbiri yawo yonse pa kupanduka kumeneku. Walter White amayamba monga munthu womvera chisoni, wotsenderezedwa, wotchuka wa mwamuna aliyense wotchuka wojambula zithunzi za mtundu . Ndipo pang’onopang’ono amasintha kukhala chilombo. Zomwe omvetsera amayembekezera kuti aperekedwe dipo zimachotsedwa, kukakamiza kuŵerengera kwa chimene chimatanthauzadi ngwazi.

Wopereka Chikole: Kuthetsa Kukhulupirika Kwawo

Ma trope ochepa ngopatulika monga mlangizi. Pamene mlangizi afikira kukhala wotsutsa, chisonkhezero cha malingaliro nchachikulu chifukwa chakuti chitsanzo cha kukhulupirira chakhazikitsidwa bwino lomwe. Mu “Nkhondo za SS: Zapapitapo: ,” Luka Skywaker, ngwazi ya mbadwo wakale, poyamba amakana udindo waulangizi, ndipo pamene adziloŵetsa, zimachepetsa chiyembekezo chotsimikizirika. Pamene kuli kwakuti saali wolakwa, kutsutsa kwake kumaipitsa trippe wa mbuye wanzeru woyambirira, kusonkhezera ngwaziyo .

Madamu Omwe Anampulumutsa

Mwinamwake palibe trope amene anasokonezedwa kwambiri m'zaka makumi angapo aposachedwapa kuposa Damsel mu Nsautso. Nkhani zamakono kaŵirikaŵiri zimatchulanso mkhalidwe wowoneka kukhala wopanda thandizo monga uja amene wakhala akuzula zingwe kapena amene apeza mphamvu yake. Mafilimu onga “Tangle" ndi“ Frozen” amasintha trope metael metal , ndi zilembo zimene zimavomereza kusoŵa kwa kuyembekezera kalonga ndi kuchitapo kanthu. Kusintha kumeneku sikumangodabwitsa chabe komanso kumawongolera kusalingana ndi zochitika, kupereka masomphenya owonjezereka a bungwe.

Kusintha kwa Chikhalidwe kwa Azungu

Matope sakumbidwa m'miyala. Iwo ali zinthu zachikhalidwe zimene zimatulutsa ndi kusokoneza ndi kuulutsa nkhani zatsopano. Ma Trope a tsoka la ku Atene sali ma trope a French New Wave movie, monga momwe ma wailesi akanema a ku America a 1950 amasiyanirana kwambiri ndi aja a masiku ano. Chisinthiko chimenechi chimasonkhezeredwa ndi kusintha miyambo ya anthu, kuzindikira kwa ndale zadziko, ndi kuzindikira komakula kwa mmene atolankhani amasinthira. Pamene trope agwirizana ndi wailesi ya kanema yovulaza, imayang'anitsitsa ndi kukonzanso bwino.

“ Damsel mu Nsautso” Mwachitsanzo, adasulizidwa kwa zaka makumi ambiri monga kujambulanso kwa akazi. Kusintha kwake pang'onopang’ono ndi “Mtsogoleri Wachikazi wa Strong” trope poyambirira anapereka kuwongolera, ngakhale kuti trope yatsopanoyo ikhoza kukhala chinthu chimodzi chotchedwa stempension persurective. Momwemo, “Mnzake Wanu Wamkuluyo . trope mu zibwenzi zachikondi zotumikira kwa zaka zambiri monga ngati sistekkick yopanda moyo, njira imene yakhala yotchuka, yowonjezereka m’kati mwa LGBT+ m’zindikiro zamakono. Mkhalidwe wake wotchuka wa Bruth , umene umaonedwa kukhala wotchuka kwambiri, ndi wotchuka kwambiri.

Kuchokera ku Mathirakiti Kunka ku Madera: Kuphatikiza Maluwa Otchedwa Archetypes

Pamene chikhalidwe cha anthu chikusinthasintha, ndi maluso ndi ma trope omwe alipo kwa olemba. Hero si mwamuna wowongoka, woyera, wokhoza kubadwa m’nthaŵi zoyambirira. Ngwazi yosadziwika ingakhale yoyenda pansi pa dziko lachiwonongeko, wankhondo Wogontha wotsogolera chipanduko, kapena mkazi wa ku South Asia amene amafufuza chiwembu. Zimenezi sizimachotsa maziko a madesiki; zimawafutukula. Ulendo wa Iye susinthasintha kwambiri, koma mawu a trope amachuluka, kuitana anthu amene saona kuti aone ngati zithunzi zawo pomalizira pake. Zimenezi zimakulitsa kutsutsana kwa zinthu zachilengedwe, monga mmene zikuchititsa kuti zinthu zatsopano, zikhale zokopa, ndi kuchititsa kuchititsa kudabwa kwa oonerera ambiri.

Chida Chothandiza Wolemba: Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zojambula

Wolemba mabuku, sadziwa kuti ma trope ndi aluso. Ngakhale amene amati amawapeŵa kotheratu amayambitsanso mosazindikira. Cholingacho, kenaka, chimagwira ntchito mwadala. Popanga mpangidwe wa maluso, wolemba angaike mapu pa chikwangwani cha mtundu [1] Kutsimikizira kuti protagonist ndi, mkati mwawo, Trickster . Kodi trickster adzakhala wojambula wokongola, wopeka, kapena mulungu wa chisokosokonezo? Chosankhacho chimapangitsa munthu kuyamba kuyembekezera kwa omvetserawo kukhala.

Kuti apeŵe ma cliché, wolembayo ayenera kuchititsa trope kuvuta. Wopeka waluso angaperekedwe malamulo a makhalidwe abwino aakulu, kumbuyo komvetsa chisoni kumene kumafotokoza kusadalira kwawo mabungwe, kapena vuto losayembekezereka limene limapangitsa chinyengo chawo kudziona ngati chochepa ngati maseŵera ndi chopulumukira. Njira ya kunja imakhala yodziŵika, koma zenizeni za mkati zimakhala zenizeni ndi zoona. [Cemprehensss zotsogolera za maluso a ma a ma a ma a ma archism [[[FLT 1:1]] ingathe kukhala ngati cholozerapo, koma ntchito yeniyeniyo ikupitira kupyola chiwombo cha munthu wosadziŵika.

Chipangano cha Kumvetsera: Chidutswa cha Nkhani Pakati pa Mlengi ndi Wogula

Alendo amakono amagwiritsira ntchito filimu kwambiri kuposa wina aliyense m'mbiri. Intaneti yapanga mawu osiyanasiyana kumene ochemerera amasudzuwa ndi maina amasiku enieni. Kuŵerenga kumeneku kumasintha kuonerera mosagwira ntchito kukhala kukambitsirana kosangalatsa. Kuwonetsedwa ngati “Screacmam , (mafilimu) ndi“Deadpool” yodalira kwambiri pa meta - comming, yokhala ndi zilembo zolankhula mwachindunji za ma trope amene amakhala. Kulankhula kumeneku kungayambitse kuvina kosangalatsa: nkhaniyo imayambitsa trope, omvetsera amaizindikira ndi kumva bwino, ndipo kenaka nkhaniyo imaisonyeza bwino kapena kuiphophonya, kupangitsa kumva bwino, kuchititsa ngakhale kuyankha kwa mtima. Wolembayo angagwiritse ntchito kuchititsa chidwi ndi kukopa anthu, iwo amapanga zizindikiro zapamwamba.

Kumaliza: Kulandira Chitsanzo cha Kugonana Pakati pa Chitsanzo ndi Chosayembekezereka

Mafanizo a kalembedwe ndi ma triam amene amapanga ndodo zongolemba; iwo ngosimba galamala. Monga momwe sitingathe kulemba galamala popanda galamala, sitingapange munthu popanda mtundu wina wodziŵika. Lusoli limagwiritsira ntchito galamalansiyoyo molunjika ndi mochokera mumtima. Hero, Mentor, zithunzizo n’zosatha kuzimiririka m’nkhani zathu, chifukwa chakuti zimatchula mafunso ofunika kwambiri okhudza amene tili ndi zimene tikuyesetsa kukhala.

Kwa omvetsera, kutchuka kwa kuzoloŵera ndi kudabwa kuli chimodzi cha zosangalatsa zazikulu za osimba. Timadziziziritsa ife eni ndi moto wa zinthu zodziŵika pamene tikusangalala ndi kuphulika kwa mwadzidzidzi kumene kumaloŵa mumdima. Kwa wolemba, kugwiritsa ntchito trope kumatanthauza kukhala wokhoza kulemekeza mwambo kwinakwake ndi chinthu chimene chimatipangitsa kukhala ndi zinthu zatsopano. Njira yozoloŵereka imaumba ziyembekezo zathu, koma kutembenuka, ndi choonadi cha mtima chowona mtima nzimene zimachititsa nkhani kusaiwala. Pamapeto pake, trope akutikumbutsa kuti nkhani iliyonse ili mbali ya kukambitsirana kwakukulu kwatsopano, kutipanga ife, ndipo imakhala yotchuka nthaŵi iriyonse monga nthano yoyenda pa tsamba ndi chinthu chimene sitinawona.