Kutsegulira ndi lonjezo. M'mphindi zochepa chabe, iyenera kukhazikitsa mawu, kutchula zilembo zazikulu, ndi kuchititsa omvetsera chidwi. Pakati pa zida zambiri zimene opanga mafilimu ali nazo, kuyendayenda kwa makamera kumasiyana. Kujambula, kuchititsa mtima, ndi kusintha chiwonetsero cha madikoni aŵiri kukhala chinthu chamoyo, chokumana nacho chaching'ono. Ngati chigwiridwa ndi cholinga, kusuntha m’mafashoni kumakhala chinenero chonse, makamaka pamene pulojekiti iliyonse, shapu, kapena shalo, kapena kuwombera mfuti ingaperekere ngozi, kuthamanga, ndi zipolopolo za mtima pamaso pa liwu limodzi la kulembera.

Oyang'anira ndi akatswiri a mafilimu azindikira kwa nthaŵi yaitali kuti oonerera sangoonerera chabe zochita; amalingalira m'matupi awo. Dongosolo lapansi limachitapo kanthu ndi kujambula kwa kasupe, kupangitsa chida cha dole chojambulidwa bwino kudzimva mwamsanga kuposa njira ina iliyonse. Nkhani ino imasiyanitsa mmene kutsegulira ndandanda ya kamera kuti iwonjezere kachitidwe kamphamvu, kupenda maluso, psychology, ndi zitsanzo za chithunzi zimene zikupitirizabe kuwongolera bwino chisangalalo cha kanema.

Psychology ya Zinthu Zochititsa Chidwi

Maso a munthu ali ndi cholinga chodziwa kayendedwe ka zinthu. Kusintha kwa zinthu kungachititse kuti munthu aone mmene zinthu zikuyendera. Kamera ikayamba kuoneka ngati woopsa, anthu onse amayang'ana kutsogolo kwa thupi lawo.

Potsegulira, maziko a maganizo ameneŵa amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Makina othamanga amapanga nkhaŵa. Madola oyendayenda amagwedezeka ngati kuti ali ndi maganizo a munthu. Handhedhed imagwedeza ngati mmene amaonera, kupangitsa woonererayo kumva ngati ali m’mavuto. Malinga ndi filimu yonena za akatswiri yonena za anthu, kamera ikhoza kuchititsa munthu kuganiza kuti “woyerekezera wowonongeka," kumene maselo a girafyumu akudziwombera okha ngati kuti tikuthamanga mlengalenga. N’chifukwa chake kutsegulira kwa [FLT: 0] Max: Fury Road Road [[FLT: 1] samva ngati chinthu chooneka ndi choopsa kwambiri: kamerayo imangoona chabe kuukira kwa Max; kamera, kamabangula, ndi kuzungulira, ndi kutsutsa kwake, anthu ena onse.

Oyang'anira ntchito zamaganizo imeneyi yotsegula dala nyimbo zotonthoza. Kufulumira kuyang'ana m'diso la dalaivala mu Baby Driver , kutsatiridwa ndi mpambo wa zikwapu ndi kuwombera kogwirizana bwino lomwe ndi kujambula nyimbo, kulanda njira zathu zoimbira. Chisamaliro chathu sichingogwira; chimasintha ndi chiwiya chimene chimadutsa ndi kusokonezeka maganizo.

Kutenga Kamera Pansi pa Ntchito

Ngakhale kuti mawu a kayendedwe ka makamera ndi aakulu, maluso ena akhala ziŵiya zomangira mapulogalamu apamwamba. Kuwamvetsetsa nkofunika kuti tiyamikire luso la kamera kumbuyo kwa adrenaline.

Kufufuza ndi Kujambula Nsalu za Dolly: Kufunafuna M’mimba

Kujambula mfuti [1] Pamene kamera imayendayenda kumbali ya thambo kapena kuyendera limodzi ndi mutu . Potsegulira Break Knight Ries [1], kamera imayendetsa ndege ya CIA ikamadumpha m’mlengalenga, kenaka kusintha kwamphamvu ku chipwirikiti cha mkati. Kuyenda kumeneku sikumangonyamula liŵiro la ndegeyo komanso kukhazikitsa malo osiyanasiyana amene amachititsa kuti ndegeyo ikhale yomasungunuka ngakhale kuti ndi yocholowana. Kamera imakhala yosawoneka, imakhala yothamanga kuti ikhale ndi zochitika zimene zayamba kale kupweteka kwambiri.

Pamlingo waung'ono, kamphindi koyang'anira nkhope ya munthu kangatumikire monga chinthu chosangalatsa. Ganizirani za kukakamiza John Wick dala, pamene akugona m’nthaŵi yotsegulira filimu yoyamba, kukumbukira mkazi wake. Kuyendako n’kochepa, koma kumasonkhezera omvetsera kukhala ndi chisoni chake, kukhazikitsa chiyambukiro cha maganizo chimene chimapangitsa kuwonjezereka kwa chiwawa kwapambuyo pake kudzimva kukhala kotheka mmalo mwa kulira.

Kusweka kwakuya kwa mmene kuwombera mfuti kumachirikiza kumveka kwa zosimba pamene kuli kochititsa chipwirikiti, Suptuo Binder yopenda maluso oyezera njira [[FLT: 1] imapereka zitsanzo za kuona kopindulitsa.

Kugwira Ntchito ndi Kugwedezeka: Zopangapanga za Chaos

Mwinamwake palibe chipangizo choyendera Flaving Ryan [1] kapena ngati chogwira ntchito yojambula. Pamene igwiritsiridwa ntchito m'malo otsegulira, imasonyeza kuti dziko lapansi likuloŵa mosakhazikika, mosatsimikizirika, ndi mowopsa. Mawu oyamba a [FLT: 0] Sachrown Private Ryan [1] (Kugwirizana ndi manda a D-D pambuyo pa manda ozungulira) amagwiritsira ntchito kamera yachiwawa, kuwongolera kwachisawawa, ndi magalasi obisa zinthu zowopsa za nkhondo. Kamera si woonerera ayi; ndi msilikali woopa kudutsa pamodzi ndi ena. Njira imeneyi imachotsa mtunda wa ma Playdwodhoography, kusiya , kuimalsey media.

Komabe chipwirikiti chochitidwa ndi manja chiyenera kulinganizidwa bwino. Kuchuluka, ndipo omvetsera amasokonezeka kufikira pamlingo wa kugaŵikana; pang'ono kwambiri, ndipo ngozi imawoneka kukhala yochitidwa. Mtsogoleri Paul Greengrass ndi wojambula mafilimu Barry Ackroyd adapanga kulinganizika kwaluso mu [[[FLT:] Bourne] [[FLT]] [masitepe oyendawo], kumene chikhoterero chogwedera chimaŵerenga monga choonadi cha mpangidwe wa chibadwa, osati kuukira. Phazi lotsegulirapo mu [[FLT:] limagwiritsira ntchito mofulumira, kuthamanga kumene Jason Bourne amakhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino ndi zinthu.

Crane, Jib, ndi Drone Everences: Mmene Mulungu Amaonera Maso

Kachitidwe sikamachitidwa nthaŵi zonse. Nthaŵi zina kamakhala kokhudza kukhazikitsa muyezo, ndipo palibe chimene chimachita mofanana ndi kuyenda koyenda. Kakoto kapena draone imene imayamba kukwera pamwamba pa msewu wa mzinda ndi kugwera m’msewu wothina kwambiri imagwirizanitsa zonse ziŵiri kukula kwa malo ndi kuchepa kwa protagonis mkati mwake. Kutsegulidwa kwa chithunzithunzi cha [FLT: 0] Abulu a Likasa Lotaikalo [ [1] Zoposa zinatheka poyambirira kukwaniritsidwa ndi ziyambukiro ndi ziyambukiro zopindulitsa ndi ziŵirizo. Zida zamphamvu za kuvumbula mmene kuwonekera kuchokera ku malo okwera apamwamba (fano la kachisi) zingatsatiriridwe ndi kuwunikira ndi ngozi ndi kulondola.

Kujambula mafilimu kwamakono kwasintha mawonekedwe ameneŵa ndi makamera, kulola ngakhale zopangidwa zaumwini kufikitsa kanema. Kutsegulidwa kwa Skyfall [1] Kugwiritsira ntchito makamera ojambulidwa ndi helikopita kutsata James Bond m’makwalala a Istanbul, kuphatikiza ziwombaula za nkhono ndi ziŵiya zapafupi ndi manja zimene zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga madzi, atatu a m'dikoniyaliyo. Malingaliro a m’ndege amaoneka kukhala ochititsa chidwi; amachititsa kuti omvera amvetsetse kachitidwe kachitidwe kapangidwe ka zinthu zakuthambo m’njira imene imakulitsa kupsinjika maganizo pamene olondolawo abwerera ku mlingo wa pansi.

Mapazi a Wip ndi Manda Opatsirana: Zizindikiro za Chinetike

chidule, kuthamanga koopsa kumagwira ntchito ngati mmene amachitira tchuni choonekera. Chikwapu [1] Kumene kamera imazungulira mofulumira kuchokera pa chinthu chimodzi kupita pa china. Ingagwirizanitse zinthu ziŵiri m'malo aakulu popanda kudula, kuteteza mphamvu. Kasupe wa Edgar Wright [[FL:0] Baby Driver imagwiritsa ntchito zingwe zotsogola poyang'anira woonera, mbala m’banki, ndi apolisi amene akuyandikira. Kasupeyo amamveka ngati katswiri wochititsa chidwi wobwera kumoyo.

Snawtop, ngakhale kuti siichitikachitika m'mafilimu amakono chifukwa cha kugwirizana kwawo ndi mafilimu a 1970, kungagwirizanitse mphamvu. Ngati igwiritsiridwa ntchito mochepera m’malo otsegulira . Monga kukweza kwadzidzidzi m'chida kapena maso a munthu, zikhoza kutchula kudabwa kapena mphamvu popanda kufotokoza. Quentin Tarantino’s akubwereranso ku njira imeneyi mu Django United[ zochitika zoyambirira zimasonyeza kuti ngakhale “zoyenda zokhala ndi nyuziganya zingabwezeretsedwe pamene ziphedwa ndi chidaliro.

Luso Lojambula Zinthu Zosaoneka

Chomwe chimasiyanitsa mawonekedwe otsegulira si ukulu wa kayendedwe koma kugwirizana kwake ndi kutsekeka, kulinganiza, ndi mawu. Kamera iyenera kukhala yosaoneka kwa munthu wosaphunzitsidwa, yogonjera ku kachitidweko mmalo mwa kuonetsa. Zimenezi zimafuna kuvina kocholoŵana pakati pa ogwiritsira ntchito makamera, oimba a kanema, ndi ojambula magetsi.

Talingalirani kutsegulidwa kwa chisoti chimodzi , dongosolo la 13 la fotometi limene likuwoneka ngati likuyandama popanda kudula. Makina a kamera amayenda motsanzira mphamvu yokoka, kutuluka ndi kutuluka m'zipewa za astronoka, pamene zipewazo zimaphulika ndi kuzungulitsa denga. Mtsogoleri Alfonso Cuarón ndi katswiri wa mafilimu Emmanuel Lubezki anagwiritsira ntchito msanganizo wa zida za robot ndi LDED kuwala kupanga chinyengo la kufeŵeka, kulemera. Ulendowo . Ndiwo wongopeka chabe kupambana; ndi phunziro la mmene kayendedwe kamera kanga kanga kanga kanga kanga kanga kanga kamamvetseketseketsere ku mlingo wa chilengedwe. [FM's Factiveal]

M'zochitika zakanema, kamera iyeneranso kulemekeza kupitiriza kwa mawu. Kudulidwa popanda nsinga yogwirizana kungasokoneze openyerera, koma kuwombera kolinganizidwa bwino kungakhazikitse malo kotero kuti ngakhale mapulogalamu ofulumira asakhale owoneka. Kutseguka kwa [FLT: 0] John Wick: Mutu 2 [[FLT: 1] kugwiritsa ntchito mfuti yotsatizana yotsatira Mustang pamene ikuthamanga m’makwalala a Brooklyn, kuchotsapo omvetserawo ndi kuima patalikirana. Kuzungulirako kumakhala ndi matanthwe otseka.

Kutsegulira Mafano Kutsata Kutsatiridwa

Kuti tiyamikire mowonadi mmene kugwedeza makamera kumathandizira ntchito, kuli kothandiza kupenda dongosolo lapadera limene lakhala chizindikiro cha kupangidwa kwa kamerayo.

Maluŵa Ochititsa Chidwi (2008) – Bank Heist

Christopher Nolan’s IMAX-shot sewero ndi kalasi lapamwamba lokhala ndi maluwa oyendetsera . Chochitikacho chimayamba ndi kukwera pang'onopang'ono kudutsa thambo la mzinda, kukhazikitsa sikelo ndi bata. Koma pamene mapulani a Joker akutseguka, kamera imasinthana ndi msanganizo wa zipolopolo zotsatizana zochokera ku mbali zosiyanasiyana za kanema, zokodwa mwadzidzidzi, zothwa. Nthaŵi yochititsa chidwi imayamba pamene basi ya sukulu ilowa m’mphepete mwa banki: kamera imapita ku fumbi ndi zinyalala, ikumaika omvetsera mwachindunji m’njira ya chiwonongeko. Kuyendakutsogoloku, pamodzi ndi kugwedezeka kwa basi kosintha, kumachititsa kutulutsa kutulutsa kumene Joker mu dongosolo lakusintha. Nosyn Wallf Butts adagwiritsira ntchito ntchito magetsi, mphamvu zoyendera zachinga zachinga zachinga, zomwe zimachokera ku kayendedwe kowonekera kwa padera kwa , koma kusintha kwamphamvu, koma kusintha kwa kayendedwe kwa mwadzidzidzi, koma kwamphamvu, koma kwamphamvu, koma kwa kawiri.

Mad Max: Msewu wa Fury (2015) – Chiyambi cha Zam’madzi cha ku Wasteland

George Miller atsegula ndi kugwedezeka kwa zinthu. Kamera imauluka chipululu, mabande pansi pa makina a Citadel, ndiyeno imasuntha omvetserawo ku malo oopsa a Max. Ngozi ya Rapid imawonjezedwa kumaso kwa ankhondo, ikumaphatikiza ndi galimoto zagyro zothamanga kwambiri zonyamula liŵiro la kuthamanga, kupanga kuchuluka kwa zinthu. Miller ndi John Seale anaswa msonkhano mwa kuchititsa kachitidweko kukhala kozungulira m’matupilo, monga momwe kamera yokwapukira ndi yozungulira, imalola omvera kutsekera pa malo apakati pa liŵiro. [FLD:] Palibe filimu imene imafufuza [FLT:]

Ana a Amuna (2006) – Kuphulitsa Mabomba

Ngakhale kuti filimuyo imatchuka kwambiri ndi kubisala kwa galimoto, kutsatizana kwa mathirakiti ndi mabomba otseguka. Kamera yamanja imatsatira Clive Owen pulogalamu ya London yoyenda mothamanga, kuluka ndi anthu oyenda pansi koma osalimba. Kusintha kumeneku n’kochepa koma n’kwachibadwa. Pakanthaŵi, kamera imagwedezeka, furemu imagwedezeka kwambiri, ndipo kuyang'ana kumagwedezeka. Dziko lonselo limagwedezeka. Kusintha kumeneku kwa kayendedwe ka zinthu zapansi kochititsa kugwedezeka kwa thupi. Mtsogoleri Alfonso Cuarón ndi Sembezki anagwiritsa ntchito kamodzi kopanda kulumikiza omvetserawo, kuchititsa kumva zachiwawa. Kamera kamodzi kachitidwe kamodzi kamodzi kamodzi kachitidwe kake kamodzi kake kake kake kake kamachititsa kuoneka. Kamera kamodzi kamodzi kakusonyeza kachitidwe kamodzi kamodzi kake kamodzi kake kake ka

Mwana Woyendetsa galimoto (2017) – Wotsegula Woimba

Edgar Wright anaimba nyimbo yosangalatsa yoyendera. Kamera imavina ndi nyimbo, kuponyera pa gudumu la Subaru, kukwapula ku khomo la banki, kuyendera limodzi ndi galimoto yochokayo pamene ikudutsa ku Atlanta. Wright anajambula zonsezo kuti zikhale zofanana ndi kulira kwa “Bellbottos . Kujambulidwa ndi Jon Spencer Blue Friep. Zotulukapo ndi ukwati wabwino wa pini ndi mphamvu ya directs pamene kamerayo imakhala chiwiya cha nyimbo. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti kamera singakhale chipangizo choimbira kuliratu zinthu koma chachimwemwe, kutembenuzira chigawe chaupandu kuti chikhale chida choonetsera cha nyimbo.

Kusintha kwa Zinthu ndi Kutaya Mtima

Njira zofotokozedwa pamwambapa zinali malo okha opangira mabogi aakulu. Lerolino, kupita patsogolo m'kusintha kwa kamera, matupi opepuka, ndi luso lamakono la zojambulajambula kukhoza kupanga mafilimu amphamvu. Ma Gimbal onga DJI Ronin kapena Zhiy Cranae amalola kuti kujambula kwa madzi kwamphamvu popanda kutsendereza kwamphamvu, pamene ogulawo angatenge filimu ndi kusakaza ndalama zochepa. Vutolo sililinso lakutsegula. Kupeka kwa njinga. Djiranone yodabwitsa imene siikuimira chifuno cha zinthu, pamene kuli kwakuti kugwedeza kwamanja kolongosoka kungapereke zinthu zonse.

Zothetsera zozikidwa pa pulogalamu zawonjezeranso kuthekera. Programu monga Adobe After Preven Prom Factive imatheketsa kugwedezeka kwa kamera yapambuyo pa kupangidwa kapena kugoma kumene kungapulumutse ku kayendedwe kochepa kapena kuwonjezera stiltic sylnic. Komabe, malongosole otsegulira otseguka kwambiri amadalirabe pa kayendedwe ka medra, kumene kujambula kwakuthupi kwa woyendetsa, nkhani, ndi malo ozungulira kumapanga kutsimikizirika kumene chenjera ya magetsi ingangoyerekezera. MasterClas a kamera kamera kamodzi ka [1] imagogomezera kuti kumvetsetsa kwa nkhani iliyonse yoyendayo kuposa mmene ikuchitira.

Ngakhale kutulutsidwa kwamphamvu [1] monga momwe kwawonedwa potseguka The Mandalorian [1] [1] Ndi kukonzanso kukambitsirana. Akatswiri a zojambulajambula tsopano angasutse kamera mkati mwa vholyumu la LDED imene imapangitsa malo okhala amphamvu, enieni, kubisa muyezo pakati pa kuyenda kwa thupi ndi kwa manambala. Zimenezi zimatsegula ufulu wa kulenga: Kamera ingauluke kupyola pa nyenyezi yopasuka ndi madzi a drone pamene woyendetsayo akukhala pansi, onse ogwidwa ndi paradiallax ndi flunt.

Maphunziro Othandiza kwa Opanga Mafilimu

Kwa otsogolera ndi akatswiri a mafilimu opanga njira yotsegulira, malamulo amakhalidwe abwino otsatirawa angasinthe kayendetsedwe kuchoka ku wailesi ya magetsi yosimba nkhani:

  • Kamera iyenera kusuntha chifukwa chakuti kamera ikuyenda, kuopsa kumabuka, kapena kulira kwa mtima kumafuna. Kusuntha kumamva ngati woyang'anira kuonetsa, kumira.
  • [[FLT: 0] Kusagwirizana ndi kuyendayenda. Khole limene silimalekeka lingagwedezeke. Muike kanthaŵi ka bata kwa nkhope kapena malo ozungulira [1] kuti mupatse omvetsera mpweya ndi kupangitsa kuti kachitidwe kotsatirako kagunde kwambiri.
  • Kufufuza joji. Gwiritsirani ntchito kukhazikitsa (kachipangizo kotsazikira pansi, kuwombera kozungulira) kwa openyerera asanapatuke thambo ndi mapiko. Ngakhale malongosoledwe osokoneza amafunikira nangula wa piringidzo kuti apeŵe kusokonezeka.
  • Sync ndi chiŵiya. Kaya mwa kukonza kamera ya shiti kapena nyimbo, gwirizanitsa ndi chiŵiya. Kulinganiza kumeneku kumapanga kusokonezeka kwa maganizo, kupangitsa kachitidwe kabwino mmalo mwa kutopetsa.
  • Kulingalira. Woyamba paperson PHOV (kamera monga chizindikiro) amachititsa chisomo cha visceral, pamene kuli kwakuti njira yachitatu yachizindikiro imapereka masamu ndi mlingo. Njira za Hybrid zingasinthe pakati pa njira zimenezi ndi kuyanjana ndi kuwonedwa.

Cholakwa chofala ndicho kuphonya ziŵiya zaluso. Woyendetsayo angapereke phazi losalala, koma ngati woyendetsayo samvetsetsa mmene liwiro, utali wa cheza, ndi mtunda wapatsogolo limayambukirira parallax, mfutiyo idzamva kukhala yopanda kanthu. Kutsekereza ndi kamera, kuona chipangizocho monga munthu wochita zinthu mogwirizana ndi zochitika, osati diso lokha lopanga zinthu.

Tsogolo la Kutseguka kwa Njira

Pamene omvetsera ayamba kudziŵa bwino kutsegula, ndandanda ya kamera ikupitiriza kuwonjezeka. Zenizeni zenizeni ndi zoulutsira mawu zikusonkhezera kale malire a zimene timalingalira kuti “kuyendayenda kwa jamera.” Zokumana nazo zokhala zotsalira, wopenyerera [[FLT: 0] ndi [1] Kamera, ndipo mutu umakhala mapaka ndi kupendekeka. Asilikali opanga mafilimu ameneŵa akulingaliranso mmene amathandizira kuyendetsa zinthu pamene fomuyo siikukhazikika. Highb-vilt VTR ikumana nawo ngati [[FLT:] Fire kapena [FLT:] Vanderda Divivsev [F:]

Luntha lopanga likutulukiranso monga wogwirizana, ndi zida zimene zingapange njira zovuta zopangira makamera zozikidwa pa chinenero chachibadwa zikutuluka. Pamene kuli kwakuti luso limeneli nlopeka, limatsimikizira za mtsogolo kumene otsogolera angatchule zinthu zoyendayenda mofulumira kwambiri kuposa ndi kale lonse. Komabe, choonadi chenicheni chitsalira: palibe njira ya algorithm imene ingalowe mmalo mwa chidziŵitso chachibadwa cha kachitidwe ka thupi la munthu chimene katswiri wa mafilimu waluso abweretsa. Mawonekedwe abwino nthaŵi zonse adzakhala awo amene amazindikira omvetsera osati monga oonerera atcheru koma monga operekerako m’vini.

Kumaliza

Kamera imayamba kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyambira ntchito si kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono. Ndi chipangizo cha maganizo, chipangizo chothandiza kufotokoza zinthu, ndi mlatho womvetsa chisoni pakati pa wailesi ndi moyo wa woonera. Kuchokera ku chigawo cha nkhondo kukafika ku dera la m'chipululu lothamanga, phracking, pan, ndi sham, zili ndi mphamvu yofotokozera osati mmene timaonera nkhani koma mmene timaionera. Pamene sayansi ikukhala, mfundo yofunika imakhala: phale loyenda lingachititse mtima, kugwira, ndi thupi kudalira kutsogolo mumdima. Ili matsenga oona a kuyendayenda, ndi m’manja, kutsegulira mutu wonse usanathenso.