Maziko a Mkhalidwe wa Miyazaki

Hayao Mizaki anabadwa mu 1941, wachiŵiri wa ana aamuna anayi, ku Japan woipitsidwa kwambiri ndi Nkhondo Yadziko II. Atate wake, Katsuji Miyazaki, anatsogolera kampani ya banja yomwe inapanga ndege ya kapiti ya Mitsubishi Zero. Kuyandikira kumeneku ku maluso a nkhondo, limodzi ndi kutentha kwa usiku kwa Tokyo, kunaika malingaliro osagwedezeka otsutsa nkhondo m’maganizo mwawo. Pambuyo pake adafotokoza kuti zimene zinamphunzitsa kupeputsa “kupusa kwa nkhondo ” asananenetse mfundo yonse. Atate wake anavomereza kuti bizinesi ya banja inakula pa chinyengo . . . . . . Anachita ntchito yopanga mabizinesi ausiku poimba msilikalipi ndi Miriya .

Kuthaŵa kwake kunalinso kofanana ndi kuthawa kwake m'chilengedwe. Atasamutsidwira kumidzi, mwana Miyazaki anapeza chitonthozo m’nkhalango, mitsinje, ndi mpunga. Iye anatengera chikhulupiriro cha Shinto chakuti mizimu imakhala m’mitsinje, mitengo, ndi miyala . Awa dziko lapansi adalemba moyo m'makolo a Princess Monake , ndi mizimu yoteteza ya Yokhala patalikirapo . Kuŵerenga kwake koyamba kwa malemba ndi nthanthi zina zowonjezereka zokayikira za ndaledzere ya kayendetsedwe ka chuma ndi kupembedza kwa anthu onse. Kusakaniza kochititsa mantha, kudabwa, ndi kufunsa za kufunsa filimu yapadera ya makhalidwe abwino.

Chilengedwe Ndi Mphamvu ya Moyo, Si Chophwanyika

Miyazaki, chilengedwe sichikhala chongodzifunira. Ndi khalidwe lofuna, ukali, ndi mphamvu yochiritsa. Masomphenya ameneŵa amafika pa mawu ake otheratu mu Princess Monoke[. [FLT:] . Kuno, nkhalango ndi chinthu chotetezedwa ndi milungu ya bulu, milungu ya nkhate, ndi yachibwana, ndi ya Mulungu wa Chisokosoti. Filimu imakana malo abwino-ivis dichomy; chitsulo cha Ba nchiŵiri cha akhate ndi ogulitsa dziko. Meya ndi wogulitsa dziko. Chikhulupiriro cha munthu aliyense payekha chiyenera kuzindikira kuti chikhoterere ndi chikhome chachibadwa cha anthu.

Mu Mnansi Wanga Totoro , chilengedwe chimapanga malo opatulika odekha. Malo obiriŵira, osonyezedwa ndi mawonekedwe ake achete, amakhala malo kumene chisoni ndi nkhaŵa zingachiritsidwe ndi kudabwa. Toro, cholengedwa chimene chimapanga kukongola kwa nkhalango, sichimasintha kukhala chiwiya wamba. Iye alipo, wosasamala, ndi kuti kusasamala kwenikweniko ndiko mawu a Mzaki: dziko lapansi silimazungulira chikhumbo cha munthu. Ngakhale Natavia ya Chigwa cha Wind [1], JUngle, imene imaonekera kukhala yoyera, kuyeretsa dziko lapansi. Mzana ndi mafilimu achilengedwe.

Kupanda Ntchito kwa Nkhondo Ndiponso Kulemera kwa Chikumbumtima

Miyazaki ali pakati pa zikhulupiriro zake zaumwini zopambanitsa. Sikuwoneka monga mawu opeka koma monga kusinkhasinkha kovutitsa pa luso lakukonza zinthu, liwongo, ndi kukongola. Mu 2003, pamene United States inalanda Iraq, Miyazaki anakana kupita ku mwambo wa Academy Awards kumene [FLT: 0] Shoded Leat [1] Addictd, akukonda kukaona dziko limene linali kuphulika ndi mabomba a Iraq. Kukana kumeneku sikunali chizindikiro chofalitsa; kunali kumveka kwa makhalidwe kumene kumaumba mafilimu ake.

Hopling Castle [[FLT: 1] imasintha maloto achikondi kukhala kulira motsutsana ndi kuphulitsa kwapadera. Zombo zankhondo zouluka ndi moto wogwetsa mvula, zowopsya ndi kuonetsa kukongola kwenikweni kwa dziko. Miyazaki imachotsa nkhondo ya ulemerero: Ufiti wa Waste ndi makina ofalitsa nkhani zokopa za ufumuwo zimasonyeza kulimbana monga kupanda pake kwa mphamvu. PORCO , Roso , woyendetsa ndegeyo, protanonjou, “Idiah m’malo mwa kukhala wambala mpira, mzera umene umachotsa Miyazaki kunyodo wa nkhondo yankhondo.

Palibe kumene munthu aliyense amaphatikizidwa ndi andale zadziko kuposa mu Mphepo Imakes , filimu yake yochititsa mkangano ndi yotchuka ya mbiri ya anthu. Jiro Horikishi, wopanga ndege yankhondo ya Zero, maloto a kupanga makina ouluka bwino, koma kuwona kuti igwiritsira ntchito manjini owononga. Miyazaki, amene analota ndege ndi kukwera pa phindu la maindasitale ankhondo, akutsata mzere wa mlengi amene sangathe kutero, kapena kuchititsa chikondi chake cha kukongola ndi zotsatira zake za makhalidwe abwino. Filimuyo imakana kutsutsidwa mosavuta. Miyazaki ndi kukope lake lonse lankhondo. Miya ndi kutchuka ndi kutchuka kwake.

Kugona Ana Monga Kachitidwe Kakayikitsa Kotsutsa

Osuliza a Kumadzulo kaŵirikaŵiri amatchula za “akazi amphamvu opikisana nawo,” koma chowonadi nchakuya. heroines [1] Nausicaä, San, Chihiro, Kiki, shetta, Sophie . Sakhala ndi chikhulupiriro cha wokonza mafilimu amene amasintha ndi kuoneka bwino kwa makhalidwe abwino, koma ndi chifundo, kupirira, ndi kufunitsitsa kunyalanyaza ntchito zotsendereza. Mayazaki a feminism amachokera ku malingaliro ake a akazi ogwira ntchito ku Japan ndi ku Luntha ndi matenda a mayi ake. Iye ananena kuti amachititsa nkhani zokhudza atsikana chifukwa chakuti akufuna kuwasonyeza kuti iwo angakhale amphamvu popanda kutsanzira maluso a Chimagini.

Mu Mwaw'ana. Mwakuti, Chihiro amaloŵa m'dziko la mizimu monga mwana wa nyusi, wokwiya ndi kutuluka monga wachichepere wotsimikiza kukambitsirana mtendere pakati pa mizimu ya nkhondo, amatulutsa mfiti wankhanza, ndi kupulumutsa makolo ake. Chiruchi, iye sagwiritsa ntchito chida. Mphamvu yake imaloŵa m’kukumbukira maina, kusonyeza kukoma mtima kwa chinsinsi kwa “No,” ndi kuchita ntchito yaulemu. Nyumba yanga, microscom ya chikole chopangitsira, siigonjetsedwa koma imabwerera ku Miyazaki ndi ulemu wa kusingakhulupiriridwe mayendedwe ake auchimo. Mon [Foke], Monboki, woleredwa ndi mbulutsitsa, wosagonjetsedwa ndi mphongo, wosalandira chikole chachiwembu chachi.

Ntchito, Umisiri, ndi Makhalidwe a Kusamalira

Chikhulupiriro chakuti pafupifupi m'filimu iliyonse ya Miyazaki ndi chilango chothetsa mavuto a ntchito. Uku sikuli kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito kolemetsa kwa kampani koma kusamala, kokhala ndi chizoloŵezi , kuyeretsa, kuuluka, kugwetsa mphika, kugwetsa munthu ndi zinthu zakuthupi. [[FLT: 0] Ku Kkika'Kuthandiza kwa Antchito , vuto la kukhulupirira kwa mfiti limachiritsidwa ndi si ndi aepiphany yodabwitsa koma ndi kutumiza kwa makasitoma ake, kuphika keke, ndi kunyamula ntchito zake ndi chisamaliro chotsitsimula. Uri, wojambula, akumuuza kuti “munthu aliyense afunikira kupeza kuuziridwa kwathu... nthaŵi zina sikuli kosavuta, koma kukhala kosavuta kuwona.

Nzeru imeneyi imafalikira ku mwambo wa Miyazaki. Pa Studio Ghibli, anayeretsa ofesi tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo anaumirira kuti achinyamata azichita chimodzimodzi. Iye amaona ntchito yojambula mafaniziro oimira mafaniziro , ndi pepala, ndi mtundu wa kukulitsa. Kulimba mtima, kuleza mtima, kudzichepetsa, ndi chisamaliro chakuya ku dziko limene limayenda ndi makompyuta. Miyazaki amaumirira pa kujambula maluso a kanema, Mizaki ndi chitsutso chachinsinsi. Monga momwe kuliri m'zonse. [FLT:] Ufumu wa Malo ndi Madmad . [FLD:] [FFF:] [2] [3]

Kunyada Monga Chopinga cha Makhalidwe

Mafilimu a Miyazaki sakhala ndi zonyansa mwamwambo. Mayi Eboshi mu [FLT: 0] Mfumus Monoke [1] Amadera anthu otsika; Yuba mu Amachita dala ['ana ake aakulu, khanda lopatulidwa]; mfiti [amene amalambira mwana wake wamkulu; [ang'ana [FLT: 3] m' [FLT:] [4]] [Howl Cast [[FLT:] akukhala wokondedwa, ngati ndi gogo, munthu. Chizolowezi chimenechi chimachokera ku chikhulupiriro chake chaumwini chakuti anthu ali owononga, otsutsana, otsutsana, ndi okhoza zonse ziŵiri ndi chifundo. Iye ananena mobwerezabwereza kuti iye amafalitsa nkhani, kaya ndi andale, kapena kugawatsa mitu yachinyengo m’dziko. Koma osatsimikizira kuti akukhala ndi zikalata zomveka.

Kucholoŵana kwa makhalidwe sikuli kwa lingaliro la kuwona kwa chibadwa. Kuli kaimidwe ka nthanthi kamene kamafuna openyerera kukhala osakondwa ndi kuzindikira kuthekera kwawo kwa kulakwa. Pamene Ashitaka akunena kuti, “Ngakhale mmbulu wovulala uli mmbulu,” iye amavomereza kulusa kosatheka kwa San, monga momwe amavomerezera kuti tauni yopangidwa ndi zitsulo imafunikira kukhala ndi moyo. Chosankhacho si mtendere waudongo koma chimakhala chakudziwonetsera, kutsimikizira kuti dziko lenilenili silimathera m’kupambana koyenera. Iye amafikira ngakhale kumalo a mizimu: [FL:] MD. Mpweya wodetsedwa, mzimu wa mtsinje wodetsedwa, umene kamodzi ungakhale “mzimu wa Kristu, suchotsedwa mwa kudyetsa anthu onse, koma kuotcha kwa anthu onse, koma kuomba kwake kochenjera, ndi kutentha kwa piringunda.

Kukonda Zinthu Zauzimu Popanda Chilakolako

Ngakhale kuti amasonkhezeredwa kwambiri ndi Chishinto, Miyazaki amakana chipembedzo chilichonse cha bungwe. Mafilimu ake amasonyeza milungu, mizimu, ndi miyambo yokhala ndi mphamvu zimene zimawononga ulaliki. Milungu ya m’nyumba za nkhalango, mizimu ya nkhalango, mulungu wa m'nyanja mu Phonzo . [Falt ] .] . "Anthu ameneŵa salambira Mulungu koma anansi a m'chilengedwe chimodzi. Miyazaki imaoneka kukhala yosadziŵika bwino chifukwa cha chinsinsi. Iye kaŵirikaŵiri amalongosola njira yake yolenga "''''''kudziwirira, mafano odalira kuchokera kwa anthu osadziŵika. Kudziwinda imakhala mkhalidwe wauzimu: wodziŵa bwino, wodziŵa bwino ntchito ya msilika, osati waluso.

Mu Pononyo , golide wokhoza kukhala msungwana chifukwa cha chikondi cha mwana, ndipo dziko likutsala pang'ono kumira m'chigumula chakale. Palibe munthu waulamuliro amene amatsutsa kapena kudalitsa kusandulika. Mphamvu ya nyanja njakung'ono, yaikulu ndi yopanda chidwi, koma yosalimba chifukwa cha kugwirizana kwa mtima woyera. Mafilimu ake, kuwona, samafikitsa mwa kuthaŵa dziko koma mwa kumira mowonjezereka m’chigumula chake, zinthu zozizwitsa. Iye adanenapo kuti ana ayenera kuloledwa kuwona “kuwopa kosadziŵika", chifukwa chakuti amawopa kuyamikira moyo wake. Mafilimu, amasintha, sakuwona kukhala ndi kuwona kwa moyo wake, ndipo sakuwonanso kuwonekera ndi kuwona kwa nkhalango, ngakhale mzimu waukulu pa , Oh, komanong’onong’ono, ndi kulimba kwake.

Filosofi Yopanga Filimu Monga Njira ya Moyo

Zikhulupiriro zonse zaumwini zimenezi zimaloŵetsa mu nthanthi yopanga mafilimu yomwe siikuchitika mwaluso kuposa njira yonse. Miyazaki sajambula zolembedwa zomaliza ndi kukhala ndi moyo; akuyamba kujambula zilembozo zisanakhazikike, kulola zilembozo “kuzigonjetsa" ndi kutsogolera. Njira imeneyi, yoopsa ndi yochititsa ntchito, imasonyeza kukhulupirira zinthu zimene moyo weniweniwo ukuoneka bwino.

Njira yake yofikira wopenyererayo njogwirizana ndi mfundo zalamulo. Iye ananena motchuka kuti sapanga mafilimu ndi uthenga wakutiwakuti m’maganizo, koma mmalo mwake kupangitsa ana kumva kuti, “Ndibwino kukhala ndi moyo. Chonulirapo chimenecho, chodabwitsa, kutsimikizira kukhalapo kwake popanda kutsimikizira chisoni chake. Pamene otsutsawo akumutcha kuti phesi, iye akuloza nthaŵi mu Mnansi Wanga Toro pamene atsikana amera mbewu ndi Torototo achita mavinidwe a mwezi amene amatulutsa, kokha kuti akhale njere zazing'ono. Msanguwo sunawonetse, koma unachita kuwona mtima kwake. Chiyembecho chimakhala chowona pakati pa filimu.

Zilengezo za Miyazaki zolembedwa pa ntchito zakhala zongoseketsa, koma kubwerera kwake mobwerezabwereza ku mapu ojambula [1] posachedwapa ndi Mnyamata ndi Heron ] . akutsimikizira kuti filosofi yake njosagwirizana ndi munthu wake. Sangasiye kulenga chifukwa chakuti kachitidwe ka kujambulako kokha kali kawokha kake ka makhalidwe ake. Kuli koyambirira kwa iye, si ntchito koma si wopatulidwa, ndi chiŵiya chake chofunsa mafunso okha: kodi munthu ayenera kukhala motani m’dziko limene lili lokongola ndi losweka? Mafilimu ake samayankha funso limenelo; amangoitenga kuwala, kuwala koyera.