Table of Contents

Chida champhamvu koposa cha Anime si lupanga la mbiri kapena jutsu jut ndi chikumbukiro. Kuchokera ku mbiri ya zochitika wamba, kukumbukira maluso a Chijapani kaŵirikaŵiri kumakhala mphamvu yogwira ntchito, mphamvu yosintha, imasintha zidutswa zanthaŵi, ndi kukonzanso dziko lonse. Ngati kuponderezedwa, kapena kubadwa ndi choloŵa, zikumagwira ntchito monga zosonkhezera zamaganizo ndi kukulitsa kugwirizana kwa malingaliro pakati pa wopenyererayo ndi nkhani. Njira imeneyi yozikidwa pa mafilosofi a chikhalidwe monga siidziŵa zinthu zonse. Ngati kusokonezeka kwa kusazindikira kwamphamvu kwa munthu, kapena kutengera, kubadwa kwake, kumachita zinthu zosavuta kukumbukira m’maseŵera ndi kujambula. Kusungana kwachinthu kwachiku. Kudziŵa bwino, chida chachidutswa, kumangopanga chida chachikale, koma osapanganso chidutswa, koma chodabwitsa, koma osapanga kuonekera, kumbuyo, koma kubweranso, koma kubwera kwa kubwera kwa kubwera kwa nthaŵi, koma kubwera kwa nthaŵi yaitali, koma kubwera.

Mphamvu Yofala ya Kukumbukira Zinthu Zopangidwa ndi Zida

Kukumbukira kumatumikira monga injini yamphamvu mu aime, kukonza zoyendetsa kutsogolo ndi kupikisana. Siikhala nthaŵi yosungira zinthu za m'mbuyo . M’malo mwake, imagwiritsidwa ntchito monga chipangizo chothandiza chimene chingatsimikizire kapena kuchotsa malo onse a mchitidwe wa zinthu. Kusintha kwa chikumbukiro kumayambitsa kupanikizika, kukonzanso maunansi, ndipo kumatulutsa zowononga zimene zimavumbula kuti kukonzanso nkhani za m'nkhani kukonzanso. Pamene kupenda kobisika kuchititsa kubisa kapena kutsendereza choonadi, kukonzanso kamvedwe ka zochitika zakale. Njira imeneyi imasonkhezera anthu kutengamo mbali m'kukonzanso nthaŵi ya nkhani, kuiika m'manzere m'maseŵere kuti aonere zinthu zenizeni. Kukumbukira kwa choonadi kumakhala kodzikumbutsa nkhani yodziwirira pa ulendo wa kumbuyokunkhana ndi kuyendetsa chidziŵitso chakuyendetsa chidziŵitso chaku.

Kukumbukira Zinthu Monga Chopangapanga

M'nkhani zambiri, chikumbukiro chimodzi chopezedwa chingasinthe njira ya nkhondo kapena kuvumbula chiwembu cha zaka mazana ambiri. Talingalirani mmene zikumbukiro zimabwerera, zigaŵenga zandale . Mofananamo, mu Divi Britannias , Lelouch joass zingalamulire anthu kuti aiwale kapena kusintha zakale zawo, kusintha chipangizo chakumbukiro chawo chakumbuyo monga chipangizo cha nkhondo ya maganizo. Pamene zikumbukiro zibwerera, zimachotsa maulamuliro andale. Momwemo, mu Divis , kutseka ndi kuchotsa zokumbukira ndi kuchotsapo za Kuunika kwa Yaga mi ponena za kulira kwa imfa kumachititsa maseŵera ovuta ndi otchuka. Chikhotererochi chimathandizanso kutsimikizira kuti chikhomerezo chachi.

Luso la Kukumbukira ndi Kudukiza

Anime amagwiritsira ntchito kuiŵala kochepa kuti apeze kulira kwa zinthu. Mwa kupereka zidutswa za m'nthaŵi zakale za kalembedwe, ma holo monga Shaft kapena madailekitala onga Satoshi Kon akusintha chikumbukiro kukhala chodabwitsa. Mameancholy a Haruzuya . [FLT] amagwiritsira ntchito nthaŵi imene imawononga zikumbutso za nyengo yosatha, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya mphamvu yosatsimikizirika yolimbana ndi kukhazikika kwa maganizo awo. Kuvumbula kumeneku kwa chidziŵitso kumasunga openyerera, kupanga mapulani awo a nzeru. Mipata ya chikugwira ntchito monga malo oipa m'nkhani, kuitanira omvetsera kuwadzaza ndi kutsimikizira kapena kuonetsa malingaliro awo. Kuwombana kumeneku pakati pa zidaboliboli ndi kuvumbula chiŵiro chapakati pa ziŵiro zotsekezera, kuzungulira, kuzungulira ndi kuthamanga kwapamwamba kwa oimba mochezeka.

Zikumbukiro Zonama ndi Ziyeso Zosadziŵika

Kuyambika kwa zikumbutso zonama kapena zoikidwa m'thupi kukuimira kupambana kwa chikumbukiro cha zida. Pamene katswiri wa progano apeza mavuto awo a maziko adapangidwa . Monga momwe amawonera mu [FLT: 0] Mumzera wa Alchemist: Ubale [ pamene Edward ndi Alphonse Elric akuyang'anizana ndi mkhalidwe weniweni wa kuwonekera kwa amayi awo. Kuyesa kumeneku kumawononga chisonkhezero chawo chachikulu. Kuku kutsendereza kwa wopenyererayo, kumasonyeza mmene chikumbukiro chingasinthidwere kutumikira mapangano a munthu wopatula. Mu kampani ya pa Intaneti yotchuka [FLF:2], imamveka mu Chipambani cha sayansi cha sayansi. Chodabwitsa chimenechi chimawonekera kwambiri cha munthu. [chithunzi champhamvuchimodzi chodziŵika kwambiri]

Kukumbukira, Kudziŵa, ndi Kuyambitsa kwa Zilembo Zoyambitsa

Kupanga chikumbukiro kumaonekera kwambiri m'kukula kwa munthu. Pamene mbiri yakale yawonongeka, ndi iko komwe. Anime kaŵirikaŵiri amawona kudzidziŵikitsa kukhala kotsimikizirika osati monga mfundo yotsimikizirika koma monga kuchuluka kwa zokumana nazo zimene zingachotsedwe kapena kuipitsidwa. Kulingalira kumeneku kwa filosofi kumasintha kudzipanga kukhala malo ankhondo, kumene anthu akulimbana ndi kumasula kapena kuthaŵa nkhani zolembedwa pa iwo. Funso lachinsi limasanduka: popanda kutsimikizirika, ndani? Kufufuza kumeneku kumayenda m'malo mwa malunjika a zakuya akukhalako, kupanga chikumbukiro cha magalasi aakulu a kukula kwa mbiri yawo.

Kuvutika, Zikumbukiro Zotsekerezedwa, ndi Kukula Kwaumwini

Kupsinjika maganizo kaŵirikaŵiri kumagwira ntchito monga kutsekereza, kutsekereza zikumbukiro zimene ziri zopweteka kwambiri kuchitika. [[FLT: 0] Mu Neon Genesis Evangelion , Chisonkhezero chonse cha Shinji Ikari chiri kulimbana ndi chikumbukiro chotsendereza cha amayi ake "imfa" ndi kutaya kwake kotsatirapo. Kusintha kwake ndi kuthamanga kwake kochititsa mantha sikuli kokha kumbuyo koma zida zamaganizo zimene zimampangitsa kulephera kulimba m'nthaŵi za tsoka, kumpangitsa kubwereranso kwa zokumbukira zimenezi, ngakhale kuli kufulumira, njira yokha yothekera kugwirizanitsa kwake ndi kudzivomereza. Zimenezi zimasonyeza mmene chikumbukirocho sichirikiridwa kwa chitsutso cha mdani; kugonjetsa kugonjetsa kwake kwa mkati mwa chiŵiro chakuwoneka mwa kuwona m'mbuyo mwa chiwonero chakusintha m'ka chakujambula.

Kudzivutitsa ndi Kudzichotsera

Amnesia ndi imodzi ya zipangizo zapatsogolo kwambiri za animisia zimene zimapangitsa kuti anthu azikumbukira zinthu zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimagwira ntchito ngati m’bulu wotsegulira zinthu umene umachotsa mbiri ya munthu ndi maunansi. [[FLT: 0] Nthawi Yabwino , Tada Banrisia , akutsatira ngozi ya mlatho imachititsa kugaŵanika koopsa: munthu amene alipo amafuna mtsogolo ndi Kōkoga, koma kubwerera kwake kwapapitapo kumakondana ndi wina. Kuiŵala kwake kwakhala ndi zida zotsutsana ndi chimwemwe chake chatsopano, kuyambitsa nkhondo yapansi kwachibadwa. Mbako wake wakale, kaŵirikaŵiri amasonyezedwa monga kuphulitsa kwapa kwapanthaŵiyo, kutembenuzira chikumbukiro chake chapachikidwa kukhala temberero. Mkhalidwe umenewu umasonkhezera munthu kukhala wodzisunga kukondana?

Kuyerekezera Ubwana Monga Njira Zosinthira

Kukumbukira kwa ubwana umodzi kaŵirikaŵiri kumatumikira monga Rosetta Stone kaamba ka kupangidwa konse kwa maganizo. Mu Naruto [1]. Kusintha kosalekeza kwa Naruto Uzumaki , kumbuyo kwa unyamata sikumakwaniritsa malingaliro; iwo amakhala kubwerezabwereza nkhani zimene zimalongosola kufunika kwake kopambanitsa kwa kuvomereza ndi kuumirira kwake pa "njira ya nanja". Chipangizochi chimachitidwa ndi zida zochitidwa ndi zochitikazo kulungamitsa kulimba kwake ndi chisoni chake kwa kusakhala kwachilendo monga Gaara. Nthaŵi yomweyo pamene cholemba chapangitsa chikumbukiro chachimwemwe monga chosangalatsa monga bodza ndi chosintha. Chipangizo chimenechi chimagogomezera mmene m'mbuyomu amachitira chosiyana ndi chongopeka, kapena chosiyana ndi kachitidwe katsopano.

Kutha Kukumbukira Zinthu ndi Kuyerekezera

Kusiyana pakati pa kukwaniritsa zinthu zenizeni ndi kugwirizanitsa kuli maziko opindulitsa kwambiri a drame ya maganizo. [FLT: 0] Secrect Blue , yotsogozedwa ndi Satoshi Kon, imatulutsa gulu la akatswiri m'kusokonezeka kumeneku. Mafano ojambulidwawo ndi maactres Mima Kirigoe amataya zonse zimene akudziŵa monga zokumbukira zake zenizeni, zochitika kuchokera ku filimu imene akuijambula, ndi zopeputsa zoloŵa m’madzi osasintha. Kukumbukira kwake kumatengedwa ndi wokonda kupeka zinthu za pa Intaneti, kujambula mbiri yake ya upandu wankhanza pakati pa moyo wake ndi kuwona, kuchititsa kuyang'anizana ndi zochitika zenizeni. Kukumbukira kwake kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chizindikiritso chachi kwachi. Kukumbukira kwake kolakwika kwachikulu kwachikulu kwa mbiri ya moyo wake, kukhoza kutsimikizira mbiri yake yakale, kutsimikizira chida chankhanza cha m'mbuyo, chida chaku

Zolembedwa Zaukatswiri za Kukumbukira: Kuchokera ku Kagulu Komwe Kufikira ku Animi

Mafilimu ndi mafilimu angapo asunga chikumbukiro cholimba monga chida chachikulu, chokhala ndi zida zoulutsira nkhani zawo. Mabuku ameneŵa amasonyeza mipata yosiyanasiyana ya matope kuchokera ku kusweka kwa choloŵa ndi kukumbutsa kwa pa Intaneti, kugwiritsa ntchito kulikonse kwa kusakhazikika kwa zinthu zakale ndi kujambula nkhani zosaiwalika. Nkhani yotsatirayi ikusonyeza mmene aimre geres jorest imasonyezera kuopsa, tsoka, chinyengo, ndi kusokonezeka maganizo kwakukulu kwa ndale zadziko.

Malo Okongola a Zamaganizo mu Ulaliki ndi Akira

[[FLT: 0] Evangelion Genesis ndi Evangelion [[FLT: 1] [Nyeon Group] imasintha psyche ya Shinji kukhala nkhondo yapanja, kumene zikumbukiro za kuyesera kwa amayi ake ndi kulekana kwa atate wake kwenikweni ndi mphamvu ya munthu project. Kutsatizana konse ndi kuchiritsa kwachiŵiya kumene kumachotsa malingaliro ake, kugwedezeka pakati pa chikumbukiro cha mkati ndi chenicheni. Panthaŵiyo, mu Akiraki [FLT], chikumbukiro cha Teoo'ubwenzi ndi Kaid imawonongeka kotheratu ndi kukwera kwake kwa mphamvu, kusiya mphamvu yowononga ya mtima. Kukumbukira kwake kwa mtima kumakhala chida chake chapale chapambuyo, monga kuulutsa kwa kuiwala kwa kuiwala kwamphamvu yachikulukulu kwa udani. [F4]

M’vumbuluro

Host mu Chigoba [[FLT: 1] Fanchist imamanga maziko ake onse a filosofi pa kuwonongeka kwa chidziŵitso cha masamu. Maing'ono Motoko Kusanagi . moyo wake ndi chizindikiro chake zikukayikiridwa mosalekeza chifukwa chakuti pulogalamu yake ya kayendedwe ka thupi ingathe kuthyoka, zikumbukiro zosinthanitsidwa, kapena zochitika zonse za moyo. Nthaŵi yochepa imakhalapo pamene iye ndi Batou akukhala osatsimikizira ngati zikumbukiro zawo za mtsikana wachichepere wosoŵapo, zikumakayikira mokhutiritsa chinyengo cha kudziyesa kwake. Mkhalidwe wa kukumbukira zinthu ndi kupambana kwa kuyendetsa zinthu kumachititsa kuti anthu azikhala anthu. Odziŵa bwino zinthu za m’dziko lonselo, angakhoze kugwiritsa ntchito zida zongopeka kuyesa kugona, anthu odziŵa bwino zankhondo, omwe akusintha.

Kukumbukira Zomwe Tinabadwa Nazo Ndiponso Nkhondo ya Zandale Zoukira Titan

Attback pa Titan [1] Acttack , kupangitsa chikumbukiro cha zinthu zenizeni, chamoyo chopititsidwa m'mibadwo yonse kupyola mphamvu ya Kupezedwa ndi Kuukira Titan. Eren Yeager atha kuona mbiri yakale ndi za mtsogolo panthaŵi imodzi kuswa dongosolo la zochitika, kupanga chivulazo chakumbuyo kumene kulipo, kumene kulipo, ndi mtsogolo mwachisungidwa m'chida chopinga. Chiwawa cha Reiss chikumbukiro chokakamiza cha banja kusamutsidwa ndi kuukira. Mwakutero, pamene otengamo mbali a mbiri ya dziko lonse m'madutswanawo mu masekondi [1] Kuwoneketsa chikumbukiro owopsa monga mphamvu ya thupi. Chivulazochi chimagwiritsiridwa ntchito kulungamitsa udani ndi kugonjetsa dziko lonse, kudzipangira okha chida cha zaka za zaka makumi atatu. Ngati munthu akutha kutha kutha kuwonana kwa chida cha m'kumbukiro, kuphatikizapo kutsutsa: [F.]

Studio Ghibli’s Factive of Recoution

Hayao Miyazaki akupanga chikumbukiro cha Yubayaki mwa kugwiritsa ntchito chiwawa osati mwa kubwerera mmbuyo kwa mtima. Mu Mwamwambo wa Hat's Fact , Chihiro akungoiŵala dzina lake lonse. Chihiro ndi kuiŵala kwake kwathunthu. Chikumbukiro ndicho mfungulo ya ufulu, yolumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi chizindikiro chauzimu. Mofananamo, m'chisonkhezero [FLT:] Kubwerera kwake kwa dzina lake ndi mtsinje wa pa Haku ndi kudabwa kwake ndi kudabwa ndi kuwona mkhalidwe wa kutemberera kwa nkhalango. [FFOMyro:]

Kufufuza kwa Nthaŵi Yathu Ino: Angelo Agunda!, Nthaŵi Yagolide, ndi Zikumbukiro za Plastiki

[[FLT: 0] Angel Beats ! [[FLT: 1] imaloŵa m'nkhondo yake yapambuyo pa imfa pa chigamulo cha zikumbukiro zovutitsa maganizo za kumwalira. SS Brigade akulimbana ndi pulezidenti wa gulu laungelo waungelo, koma chida chenicheni chofotokoza ndi "opteration" imene imachokera ku kulandira kutaya mtima kwawo kwakale. M'nthaŵi ya Zagolide , chikumbukiro cha moyo, kumene kumakhala ndi moyo, kumene kuiŵala kwa Banrieva kwa zaka za zaka za zaka zapakati pa 13 ndi 81 za moyo wake, kumaonekera monga mmene amadzi ake akusangalala. Chidacho, chimasonyeza mkhalidwe cha mphamvu ya maganizo ndi kusoŵa kwa mphamvu yachibadwa ya thupi la munthu. [Mbalirome] Mumsodzi, mumphothopeto womalizira, mu chiwonjezero cha moyo, mu chiwonjezere cha moyo, chikhole cha anthu chachi. [F.]

Kamangidwe ka Chikhalidwe ndi Kachikumbukiro

Kukumbukira zinthu mu anime si lingaliro la kutengeka kwa zinthu; kumaloŵetsedwa kwambiri m'kalongosoledwe ka chikhalidwe cha Japani ndi kusonyezedwa kupyolera mwa dikishonale yodabwitsa ya maso. Njira yokumbukira zinthu imalembedwa, yofiira, ndi yosangalatsa imalankhulira kulemera kwake kosimba, kaŵirikaŵiri imanyalanyaza kulankhulana ndi kuyankha kwa malingaliro. Njira zimenezi ndizo zipangizo zapamwamba zimene zimatembenuza kupangidwa kwa zida za mitsempha kukhala chokumana nazo chakuzindikira.

Kukumbukira ndi Kudziŵa Chikhalidwe cha Anthu Osiyanasiyana

Masewera ambiri otsatizana a chikumbukiro cha chikhalidwe chimodzi, kugwiritsira ntchito zizindikiro zonga mapwando a khomo la sukulu, phokoso la chikole cha chikole, kapena miyambo ya akachisi a Shinto kudzutsa kulakalaka kwakukulu kumene kuli ndi nkhani zokondweretsa zowonekera. Anahana: Luwa Lomwe Taona Tsiku Limeneli [[FLT:] [1] [ka] [ka] limachita zida zokumbukira zachinsinsi za paubwana ndi kutayika kwa chilimwe cha m'chilimwe kukoka omvetsera mbadwo umodzi wathunthu. Pamene ziganizo zandale zadziko zimaphatikizapo kubwerera kwa mabuku a mbiri yakale, monga [[FLT:] Kuchokera ku New World , chikumbukiro chachida chogwiritsiridwa ntchito popondereza anthu opondedwa. Zida zimenezi zimasonyeza ubale wa dziko lonse lapansi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kuyang’ononga kwa anthu ambiri, kaŵirikaŵiri chida chandale, chida chakumbukiro chaku, chotchuka chakumbukiro chaku

Zizindikiro Zooneka: Mmene Zipangizo Zopereka Chiyeso Zimadziŵikira

Anime studio imapanga chikumbukiro mwa kugwiritsa ntchito galamala yosiyana. Zitima zodutsa, mapulojekita owala, ndi kalirole othyoka ndizo zithunzi za kutseguka kwa zidutswa. Mu Dzina Lanu , , lamtundu wofiira wofiira limene limapereka kwa Taki ndilo chitsulo cha thupi lawo chozungulira, ndi kuima kwake kwa mphamvu zawo zokumbutsa, ndi kujambula kwake kwamphamvu. Manogatari Sevary [1] mwa Shaft imagwiritsira ntchito kujambula kwa mwamsanga ndi magalasiti opeka ndi osaoneka ndi okongola, kuti asonyeze kuti akumbukire ndi kuzungulira kwa m’maganizo ndi kutsende wa m’maganizo. Zomwezowoneka bwino kwambiri, zimaoneka ngati kuti zikhale zokongola.

Kusintha Zinthu Pogwiritsa Ntchito Mfundo za Manga

Pamene manga womangidwa pa mitu ya chikumbukiro asinthidwa kukhala anime, kuwonjezera kwa kuyendayenda, maonekedwe, ndi mawu kuwonjezera chiyambukiro cha kugwiritsa ntchito zida. Woŵerenga manga angawone kutsatizana kwa chikumbukiro pang’onopang’ono monga kuvumbula malo angapo; aimae kaŵirikaŵiri amakuwona monga kusuntha kwadzidzidzi, kuwunikira kotsagana ndi phokoso lakukhosi lakukhosi, monga ngati kulira kwamphamvu kapena belu. Totcho Ghoul , chitsanzo, kugwiritsira ntchito kusunthira kowonekera kwa mtundu wa rock ndi maluŵa ofiira mkati mwa Kakine, kuima m'zondo wa m’maganizo, kupangitsa zikumbukiro zake zachilendo. [kaw'kaw'kaw'kawnerti kapeti ndi kaso.]

Kulankhulana Mwamaganizo: Chifukwa Chake Anthu Omvetsera Amaphatikizana ndi Zida Zokumbukira

Kugwira ntchito kwa chikumbukiro monga chida chosimba nkhani kuli m'kusintha kwake kwachilengedwe. Wopenyerera aliyense adamva kupweteka kwa chikumbukiro chomvetsa chisoni kapena kuyanjana kwa wokondedwa. Anime amagwiritsira ntchito chokumana nacho chaumunthu chimenechi, kuyala mlatho wachifundo pakati pa omvetsera ndi zilembo. Pamene chikumbukiro cha munthu chabedwa, chimayambitsa mantha a kutaya zinthu ndi kutsimikizira. Kunyamula chida cha akatswiri achinsinsi ameneŵa kumawonjezera nkhani yongofotokoza za kulongosola mkhalidwe wa munthu, kutsimikizira kuti omvetserawo sangoonerera nkhani koma amaimva monga munthu wodzimvera, wodwala.

Kukulitsa Chifundo Kupyolera m’Zobwerezabwereza ndi Pa Nostarigia

Kubwerera kumbuyo kwa nthaŵi yaitali kuli njira yoyamba yopangira chifundo, kugwiritsa ntchito ululu wa m'mbuyo wa mtundu kulungamitsa ululu wawo wamakono. Demon Slayer yawongolera njira imeneyi, kugwiritsira ntchito njira yokongola, yomvetsa chisoni kwambiri, ya moyo wa munthu wauchiŵanda pamene akudulidwa. Kujambulidwa kumeneku kumasintha chilombo chachilombo kukhala mkhole watsoka, kuchititsa chilakiko ndi kuchititsa chisoni onse aŵiriwo kuphana. Nostalgia imapangidwa ndi zida m'zopanga zonga [FLT:] Cland , Pambuyo pa kulira kwa chida cha nkhondo.

Kumveka ndi Kukoma kwa Chikumbukiro: Mavitamini Omveka

Maselo a aimyle amakonzedwa bwino kwambiri kuti asonyeze kugwira ntchito kwa chida chakumbukiro. Kusintha kuchoka ku mizere yakuthwa kupita ku njira yofeŵa, ma mameter , astel amatanthauza kusintha kwa kulira kapena ngati mwana kumbuyo. Kuyambika kwa kamphini, vinyl-recorde joint , ngati "Lott Madeks" mzera mu Torara! , imatumiza wopenyererayo ku kunjenjemera kwa mkati kwa chikumbukiro chadzidzidzi. Mosemphana ndi zimenezi, mtsempha, piyano wodulidwa, kapena chithunzi cha chithunzi cha kusokonezeka cha chikumbukiro. Zidamamveka m'chipangizo zina za Plav, potengerana ndi chiwirimo chachikondi chachikondi.

Kukumbutsidwa kwa Zinthu Zosatha

Anime amasintha kachitidwe ka kukumbutsa kapangidwe ka zinthu ndi kutchuka, maziko amene amachititsa kuti dziko lonse likhale ndi nkhondo, chizindikiro, ndi malingaliro. Kukumbukira sikulinso chinthu chongosunga zinthu koma chinthu chodabwitsa chimene chingafafanizidwe monga bodza, kubadwa ndi temberero, kapena kuchotsedwa monga chida cholamulira. Njira imeneyi imapambana chifukwa chakuti imachititsa nkhaŵa yaikulu ya munthu pa iye mwini, kuopa kuti zinthu zambiri zimene timazikumbukira zikhale zotchuka m'ndale za Haji Imeyama, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zakale mobisa zinthu zina zokopa kwambiri.