Nkhani iliyonse imayamba ndi kapangidwe kozoloŵereka. Kwenikweni, mawu ofotokozera ena chifukwa amatonthoza ndi kumveka: ulendo wa ngwazi, triangle, mlangizi wanzeru, kutsata komaliza pakati pa zabwino ndi zoipa. Njira zimenezi, kaŵirikaŵiri zimatchedwa tropes, si zachibadwa. Zoona, ndizo chinenero chosinjirira. Vuto la olemba ndilo lakuti m’kupita kwa nthaŵi, kudalira pa misonkhano imeneyi kungapsetse nkhani kuti zikhale zolosera. Zodabwitsa ndizo kuikhomera kufikira chinthu chodabwitsa, chosintha, ndi choyambirira. Pamene chijambulidwa bwino, kusokonezeka maganizo kwa munthu ndi kuitanira oŵerenga ku kukayikira kwawo za mkhalidwe wawo wamaganizo, gen, ndi tanthauzo lake.

Kodi Troupe Nchiyani Kwenikweni?

Trope ndi chipangizo chodziwika chofotokozera, zojambula, kapena msonkhano womwe uli ndi tanthauzo la chikhalidwe. Chingakhale mtundu wa anthu (ana amasiye oyembekezera kukula), chida (kuphunzitsa kulera), unansi wamphamvu (adani ndi okonda), kapena ngakhale dzanja la maso (kuthamanga pang'onopang'ono kuchoka ku kuphulika). Mapiko amagwira ntchito ngati njira zotsegulira nzeru; amalola omvetsera kuonekera m'nkhani. Mawuwo anachokera m'nkhani ya wailesi ya kanema, kumene “mzera" unatanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito kophiphiritsira kapena kophiphiritsira kwa chinenero, koma mafotokozedwe amakono achititsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumanga malo opangira zinthu zopeka, kanema, wailesi yakanema, ndi maseŵera.

Nkofunika kusiyanitsa pakati pa trope ndi cliché. Chliché ndi trope imene yagwiritsiridwa ntchito kaŵirikaŵiri ndipo popanda kumveka kwenikweni kwakuti imataya mphamvu yake. Trope wodyetsedwa bwino, kumbali ina, angakhoze kunyamula nkhani pamene akuperekabe chipinda kuti apeze chithunzi. Olemba mabuku amene amamvetsetsa mafupa a gere yawo yosankhidwa angasankhe kuti ndi mafupa ati aphwe, atsekwe, kapena achoke.

Psychology Pansi Pabwino pa Kudzisungira

Nchifukwa ninji timasangalala kuona njira zozoloŵereka zikugubuduzidwa? Choogry psychology imapereka lingaliro lakuti ubongo wa munthu umafuna njira zodziŵira dziko. Pamene chitsanzo chinakhazikitsidwa ndipo kenaka kusokonezedwa m’njira yatanthauzo, chimayambitsa chisamaliro chachikulu ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri chimakhala ndi yankho lakuya la malingaliro. Imeneyi ndiyo mfundo ya “chitsanzo chodutsira.” Potsatsa, njira imasokoneza wogula zinthu; m’chilongosole, ingachititse chisangalalo, mantha, kapena kuvumbula.

Ntsotso zimakhutiritsanso chikhumbo cha kutomerana kwanzeru. Kuphunzira kwakhala kophunzira kwambiri m'luso la zosimba. Amayembekezera kusinthasintha, kusonkhezera khalidwe, ndi kugawana mfundo za pa Intaneti. Kutembenuza ndandanda yotchuka pa mapindu ake a kuwerenga ndi kuŵerenga. Imauza omvetsera kuti, “Munaganiza kuti mukudziŵa kumene kukunka, koma pali zambiri kuposa zimene mungathe kuziona.” Kulemekeza anthu kumathandiza kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yogwirizana kwambiri ndi nzeru za anthu.

Komabe, ngati munthu wasintha maganizo ake kapena kunyalanyaza mfundo ya m’kati mwa nkhaniyo, anthu amene anaifunayo angakopeke nawo.

Kujambula Dziko Lokhalamo Mapazi: Kuzindikira Nsonga Zoloŵera

Musanasokoneze prope, muyenera kuiwona bwino. Choyamba lingalirani misonkhano ya chinsinsi chanu chachikulu. Ngati mukulemba chinsinsi, dzifunseni zimene omvetsera akuyembekezera: wapolisi wanzeru koma wovutika, wofiira, kusonkhanitsa kwapadera kumene wolakwayo anavumbulidwa. M’zoyerekezera, ziyembekezo zingaphatikizepo ngwazi yoloseredwa, mbuye wakuda, chithumwa chamatsenga, ndi kugwirizana ndi mabwenzi.

Chingakhale chothandiza kufufuza ma trope onga TROP TY] TP, koma gwiritsirani ntchito zinthu zotero monga poyambira, osati pulani. Cholinga sichakuti mupeŵe ma trope onse . N’zosatheka [1] koma kuchita nawo dala. Sankhani ndandanda imodzi kapena ziŵiri zopangitsa kuti muwononge, mmalo moyesa kugwetsa msonkhano uliwonse panthaŵi imodzi, umene ungatulutse nkhani imene ikuganiza kuti yasokonezeka ndi yosokoneza.

Njira Zopimira Mapiko

Kusintha Kachilembo Kokhala ndi Kachipangizo Kothandiza

Njira ya chidziŵitso chamwadzidzidzi kwambiri ndiyo kutenga mtundu wa ma stock ndi kuwapatsa mikhalidwe kapena zisonkhezero zimene zimatsutsa mwachindunji kuwona kwa . Ngwazi yamaganizo yosapezeka ingasunge mwachinsinsi magazini ya maloto ndi kulira pa mamiziyamu a zithunzi. Ingenénue wosalakwa angakhale katswiri waluso. Mlangiziyo angakhale wosadziŵa bwino, kukakamiza woyendetsa pulogalamuyo kupambana mosasamala kanthu za uphungu watsoka. Kusintha kumeneku kumagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri pamene kutsutsanako kuwona kuti ndi mbiri ya munthu, osati kuwinda kwapamwamba. Pangani mizu yotsutsana: nchifukwa ninji ngwazi iri yamphamvu? Kodi nchiyani chimene chinapangitsa mtsogoleri wanzeruyo kukhala wosuliza kwambiri? Kuyankha mafunsowo kumakulitsa mkhalidwewo?

Yambani Kukonza Matapi

Magente ambiri amagwira ntchito pamlingo waukulu: tsoka la ufumu, kupulumuka kwa anthu, nkhondo yachilengedwe pakati pa kuunika ndi mdima. Pamene kuli kwakuti mitengo imeneyi ingakhale yosangalatsa, ingakhalenso yosatheka. Mitengo ingabwere kuchokera ku kuchotsa mitengo ku chinthu china chachikulu kwambiri. M’malo mwa kuimitsa mwambo wadziko lonse wolimbana ndi moyo weniweni, woyendetsa zinthu zamakono angakhale akuyesa kupulumutsa choloŵa cha banja chimene sichinyamula mphamvu yamatsenga koma mtengo wa mphamvu ya mtima. Kapena, mungawonjeze zinthu zimene kaŵirikaŵiri zimalingalira kukhala zazing'ono: kusankhidwa kwa sukulu kumakhala mphamvu yeniyeni ya moyo kapena imfa chifukwa cha kupanda chilungamo kwa dongosolo la zinthu. Kusintha magulu ankhondo a anthu kuti ayambenso kunyalanyaza zinthu zimene zingachitike ndi kuwonjezera mphamvu ya kuchuluka kwa chiwopsezo.

3. Limbikitsani Kulingalira Kosayenera

Wolemba nkhani wosadalirika ndi chida champhamvu kwambiri chowonongera chidziŵitso cha omvetsera. Njira imeneyi ingathe kukhala yosiyana ndi munthu amene amanama dala (monga mpandu wopeka nthano) ndi amene ali ndi malingaliro olakwika ndi matenda a maganizo, kusokonezeka maganizo, kapena umbuli. Kusokonezekako kumachitika pamene woŵerenga azindikira nkhaniyo. Zitsanzo zachikale zimaphatikizapo [[FLT: 0] Ululu wa Roger Ackroyd [[FLL: 1] ndi Agatie kapena filimuyo [FLT:] Flubs . Chifukwa chakuti proft, narlate , angadziwongopereka yekha kukhala “myenero wosankhidwa wongowonetsedwawo okha.

Muziphatikiza Mafupa Mosayembekezeka

Kusakaniza ndi njira yotsutsana ndi boma chifukwa chakuti imatsutsa zimene omvetsera amayembekezera ponena za mawu ndi zotsatira zake. Nkhani yoopsa imene imatengera mwadzidzidzi mawonekedwe a nyimbo zachikondi ingakhale yotha kusokonezeka, malinga ngati kusakanizako kuli koyenera. Filimu ] GOOOP mwa Jordan Peele] mwaluso lakuyalutsa ndemanga za chikhalidwe, wosangalatsa maganizo, ndi woopsa wa thupi, kukana kuikidwa pa lamulo limodzi la genre. Pamene nkhani ichokera ku gen, trope ya aliyense angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Maukwati okongolawo angasokonezedwe ndi malingaliro a kuukira kwa chiweruzo, kapena kutsutsana ndi kuseketsa, kapena kutchuka kwa apolisi.

Kubisa M’maganizo Mwanu Mmene Mumaonera Zinthu

Munthu amene akufotokoza za kukongola kwa nkhani imene piripe amaijambula. Pulani yapamwamba ikhoza kuoneka kukhala yatsopano kwambiri ngati ikukunulidwa m’maso a munthu wina. Ganizirani za ulendo wa ngwazi yapamwamba yonenedwa ndi katswiri wa nyumba ya alendo amene amayang'ana kulira kwa anthu otopa, odzifufuza okha. Kusintha kumeneku kungavumbule kusoŵa kwa misonkhano ina kapena kuwawonjeza njira zosayembekezereka. “Unenedwe wina wa "” umakhala mphekesera wovuta kwambiri umene umawononga maubwenzi a paubwana; woukira wa munthu mmodziyo amakhala wosoŵa nzeru, wodzichotsera. Malingaliro a kusintha kwa zinthuwo siabwino kwenikweni kusintha zochitikazo, koma kukhoza kuchititsanso kujambula.

Kufufuza Nkhani za M’mabwalo Aluso

Kufufuza mabuku amene athandiza kuti munthu azitha kuumirira kwambiri, kungathandize kuti adziwe njira zimene angagwiritsire ntchito pochita zinthu.

.STHREK (2001]) inawononga njira ya Disney-fiedict tracy-tale mwa kukhazikitsa gulu la ng’ombe limene limatsutsa mwamphamvu ntchito ya ngwazi. Filimuyo sinangochotsa “akalonga apamwamba"; inatsutsa lingaliro lonse lakuti mapeto a chithunzithunzi amafunikira kusintha kwakuthupi. Chosankha cha Fiona cha kukhalabe wokondweretsa nthaŵi zonse pambuyo pake monga kuvomereza chizindikiritso mmalo mwa kugwirizanitsa. Kupambana kwa kanemayo kunatsimikizira kuti omvetserawo anali akumva njala kaamba ka nkhani za kudzinenera zimene zonse ziŵirizo zingaseke ndi kusekerera mizu yake.

[[FLT: 0] Girl Grone [[FLT: 1] ndi Gillian Flynnending “mkazi wongofuna kunyanyuka [1] mwa kuchititsa mkazi kukhala wonyozeka osati wopalamula koma wolemba mapulani a kubwezera. Iko ndiko kufotokoza mmene maulake a mikhole, uchimuna, ndi ukwati zimakhalira zosokoneza kwambiri chifukwa chakuti imakana kulola mwamuna wake kupha mnzake, asanatulutsidwe. Kutembenuza sikuli chiweruzo; ndiko ndemanga ya mmene mafalitsira mawu a mikhole, ndi ukwati. Nkhaniyo imatsutsa kwambiri chifukwa chakuti imakana kulola mkhalidwe uliwonse kukhala wa makhalidwe abwino.

[[FLT: 0] Nthano Yomalizira ya Rey ndi Luka Skyraker (2017]), pamene kuli kwakuti kumagaŵanitsa, kumatanthauza kuyesayesa kwamphamvu kwa kusokoneza Nkhondo za [1] Nthano. Rian Johnson anatenga ulendo woyembekezeredwa wa ngwazi wa Rey ndi Luka Skyraker ndi kuutembenuza kukhala kusinkhasinkha pa kulephera, choloŵa, choloŵa, ndi ngozi ya kulambira ngwazi. Zovumbula kuti makolo a Rey ali opatutsa “mwa mwazi wamphamvu stepe imene mipambo inachita. Kaya munthu avomereze ndi kuphedwako, filimuyo inasonyeza kuti ngakhale kugoma kwa ma franchipe kungadzutse kukambirana kwawo kwatsopano.

Mwachitsanzo, talingalirani [[FLT: 0] Wargas Sea yochitidwa ndi Jean Rhys, imene imagwira ntchito monga prequel ndi yankho kwa JEAYRE [1] . Mwa kuika pakati Bertha Mason . “mkazi m'kalonga wa atkhatike". [1] [-Ryps] amawononga trope ya dziko ndi yachimuna, kupereka mawu kwa munthu amene anali chiwiya chopekera. Mtundu uwu wa nkhani zosimba umasonyeza mmene kutembenuzira kwachikhalidwe ungakhale chiŵiya cha anthu monga zosangalatsa.

Pamene Zinthu Zosayenera Zikuchitika: Mapiti Ofala

Pazonse zimene zingachitike, kusokonezeka maganizo kungabweretse zotsatira. Cholakwa chochuluka ndi “chopanda tanthauzo. [1] Wolemba akutchula chochititsa mantha [1] mbali yokhulupirika ndi wonyenga, ulosi unali wabodza , koma amalephera kuchirikiza kufotokoza. Kusinthako kumaona ngati n’kupanda nzeru, ndipo omvetserawo amaona kuti n’ngosafunika, koma ayenera kudzimva kuti apeza. Mfungulo zapamwamba ziyenera kupezeka, ngakhale ngati ali ochenjera.

Msampha wina ndi kusokoneza pulogalamu imene omvera aikonda kwambiri. Chinsinsi chosangalatsa chimene chimasintha mwadzidzidzi n’kupha anthu okondedwa ongoyamba kumene pa kachitidweko n’chodabwitsa, komanso chimasonyeza kuti anthu amagwirizana kwambiri ndi maganizo awo. Zindikirani zimene omvera anu amayembekezera. Atsikana sayenera kunyansidwa ndi pulogalamu; ayenera kukhala ochenjera. Kutsutsa kopambana kulemekeza genre pamene akukulitsa malire ake.

Kulakwa kogwirizana ndi zimenezi ndi kusokoneza ndi kusokoneza. Kupangitsa mlangizi aliyense amene akuvutika kwa nthaŵi yaitali kuchita zoipa mwachinsinsi, kapena chikondi chilichonse chokongola kukhala chankhanza, kumakhala njira yake yodziwiratu. Kusintha kwenikweni kumawonjezera kuchokocha mmalo mwa kungotsegulira chinthu. Munthu amene amapanga mbali zina za thope lotchuka koma akusokoneza ena moona mtima amasangalatsa kwambiri kuposa kusokoneza zinthu ziŵiri.

Kupanga Chiphunzitso Chanu Chobisika: Ntchito Yothandiza

Ngati ndinu wokonzekera kupeka nkhani imene imaseŵera ndi msonkhano, njira yolinganizidwa ingathandize kusungitsa unansi.

Sitepe 1: Sankhani Kachingwe Kanu ka Nangula

Sankhani trup imene ili yofunika kwambiri kwa inu ndi yokhazikika kwambiri m'maganizo a omvetsera. Ingakhale “nduna yanzeru,“ mazabi,” “chipanduko cha dystop,” kapena“ chinthu chotsekedwa. . Don’tcho tsatanetsatane wa kutaya; chonga thanga la katundu.

Sitepe 2: Chitani Zinthu Zosiyanasiyana

Tsegulani mawuwo m'mbali zake zofunika. Mwachitsanzo, “wopereka foniyo, monga ngati munthu wachikulire, wodziŵa bwino ntchito amene amatsogolera woimbayo wachinyamata, amapereka nzeru, ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri amafa kuti alimbikitse ngwaziyo kukula. Funsani: Nchifukwa ninji mphunzitsi ayenera kukhala wamkulu? Kodi angafe bwanji ngati mlangiziyo ali wausinkhu mnzake, kapena mwana, kapena munthu amene amaipidwa kwambiri ndi katswiri wa zankhondo?

Sitepe 3: Sankhani Mmene Mumachitira Zinthu

Kodi mudzabisa khalidwe, kusuntha mitengo, kukonzanso mawonekedwe, kusanganiza maenje, kapena kugwiritsira ntchito narrator wosadalirika? Chongani mafotokozedwe aakulu ndipo mwinamwake mbali ina yachiŵiri. Lembani ndemanga yomvekera bwino ya cholinga chanu choukira, mwachitsanzo: “Wolembayo akuwoneka kukhala mpulumutsi woloseredwa, koma kwenikweni, ulosiwo uli nthanthi yandale zadziko yogwiritsiridwa ntchito kulamulira anthu, ndipo ulendo weniweni wa protagonist ndi kutsutsa nthanthi imeneyo.

Sitepe 4: Limani Mbewuyo Kufulumira

Kuti mumve ngati kuti muli ndi zinthu zamoyo, muyenera kuika maziko. Ngati mnzake wa wa wapolisiyo adzavumbulidwa monga mpandu weniweni, mufunikira nthaŵi yachidule pamene zochita za mnzakeyo, zimene muziona m’njira ina, zindikirani. Mbewu zimenezi siziyenera kuonekera, koma ziyenera kupezeka pa chigawo chachiŵiri choŵerengedwa kapena kuwonerera. Kuŵerenga malangizo pa Writer’s Digest [ kapena kuphunzira chithunzithunzi cha malungo a amene anganoletse njira yanu.

Sitepe 5: Sungani Choonadi cha M’maganizo

Ngakhale mutasintha maganizo anu, mfundo za mtima ziyenera kukhalabe zolondola. Kubisa chikondi mwa kuchititsa kuti anthu aŵiriwo asiyane kotheratu pamapeto pake kungakhale kolimba, koma ngati zilembozo zawatsogolera ku malo enieni akukula popanda wina ndi mnzake, kukhoza kukhala kokhutiritsa kwambiri. Kuipidwa koipitsitsa ndi aja amene amalolera kupereka nsembe chifukwa cha kupotozedwa kwanzeru. Omvetsera ayenerabe kumva kanthu kena /grief, chilakiko, kuvomereza kosangalatsa, osati kungoyamikira nzeru za wolembayo.

Sitepe 6: Kupenda Zotsatira za Oŵerenga

Auzeni aŵerengi anu odalirika omwe amadziŵa ndandandayo. Afunseni kumene anadzimva kukhala osokonezeka, onyenga, kapena okondwa. Bronx nthaŵi zonse iri kukambitsirana ndi ongoyerekezera, ndipo nthaŵi zina zimene ziwoneka ngati zotsekemera kwa wolembayo nzachiphamaso kwa woŵerenga. Mvetserani ndemanga ponena za kugwedeza ndi kuwoneka bwino. Chonulirapo nchodabwitsa, osati kutaya woŵerengayo kotheratu.

Kulankhula ndi Kulemba Nkhani Zochititsa Chidwi

Pambali pa mamekiniki a mapulani, mawu ndi mawu amachita mbali yofunika kwambiri posonyeza kupanduka. Mawu omveka bwino angachenjezetse woŵerenga kuti sayenera kugwiritsa ntchito trope iliyonse pamaso. Mosiyana, mawu ochititsa chidwi, akhama angapangitse kusokonezeka kwapambuyo pake chifukwa chakuti omverawo sanamvepo mlengi akuwatsitsa. Kuyandikira kwa mutu kosawoneka bwino. Kufikira kwamphamvu kumene kumaswa khoma lachinayi, monga [[FLT:]] Deadpool, kupendedwa ndi mafilimu otchuka. Koma osawoneka ndi maso, kungavute kwambiri, monga momwe kujambula kwa Kazuo Ishyuro: [FFFF]

Chiŵiya cha mawu, masewero, ndi mawu otchuka zikhoza kulimbikitsa kapena kusokoneza zinthu. Chithunzi cha chikondi chofotokozedwa m'ma Clichéd, prose chingakhale njira yosonyezera kuti chikondi chinali chinthu chopanda pake. Nkhondo yofanana ndi mabomba a maloto ongopeka asanaphwanyika, mawu ogaŵanika angasonyeze kutha kwa nzeru zapamwamba.

Ntchito ya Chikhalidwe

Matope samakhala m’malo obisika; amanyamula katundu wa chikhalidwe. Kusokonezeka kumene kumachitidwa m'nthaŵi imodzi kwa chikhalidwe kungagwere kapena ngakhale kukhumudwitsa m'njira zina. “matope ovuta , trope, pamene apotozedwa, angakhale mawu aulemu, koma ngati agwiridwa, angatengeke ndi kutengeka maganizo. Kumvetsetsa mbiri ndi tanthauzo la tp ndi zinsinsi zimene umagwira ntchito ndi kugwirira ntchito kwako kuli mbali ya kulemba moyenerera. Kuŵerenga miyambo ndi kupenda kwa chikhalidwe kukhoza kuchititsa kufunsa zamphamvu, monga momwe zimakhalira zopezedwa pa [[FLT:] [FLT] kapena m'makope a maphunziro kumapereka chidziŵitso cha mmene propetozo zakosokera. Kuŵerenga kwa pulogalamu kungaperekedwe ndi kusindikiza mphamvu ya kutsutsa mphamvu ya kulongosola mphamvu, ndi kuwonjezera kukambitsirana kwa chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe, pamene ikuwonjezera kukambitsirana ndi kukambitsirana ndi kukambitsirana kwa chikhalidwe chaku.

Kupyola Mapazi: Kukulitsa Umboni wa Kuyambika M’moyo Uliwonse

Potsirizira pake, kupandukira kuli njira, osati cholinga. Nkhani zimene zimapirira ndizo zimene, kupyola pa kupotoza kwawo kwanzeru, zimapereka anthu amene timawasamalira, chinenero chimene chimatisonkhezera, ndi luntha lomwe lidakalipo. Gwiritsirani ntchito monga kamera kupenda chimene chimakusangalatsanidi monga wolemba, . Nthano zimene zili mkhalidwe wa ngwazi, kulephera kukumbukira, kapena kuvuta kwa kukhululuka. Nkhani zosaiŵalika kwambiri zimadzimva kukhala zosafanana ndi maseŵera a kuyerekezera ndi kupenda mkhalidwe wa munthu, kugwiritsa ntchito misonkhano yachigawo monga chopimira.

Pamene mukulemba, kumbukirani uphungu wa osimba nkhani ozoloŵera: Musalole kuipitsidwa kuphimba mtima wa nkhaniyo. Oŵerenga adzakhululukira chiwembu chotsimikizirika ngati amakonda mafanizowo, koma kaŵirikaŵiri samakhululukira kusoŵa kwa malingaliro ovala mwanzeru. Tengani kapangidwe kozoloŵereka ndi kuwapanga iwo ndi malingaliro enieni, ndiyeno kuwapotoza iwo ndi cholinga. Umenewo ndiwo luso la kululuza: kusaswa nkhungu chifukwa cha phokoso, koma kuisintha motero kuunikako kumagwa m’njira yatsopano ndi yovumbula.