Maganizo Osazindikira a Nthano: Kuchotsa Maselo Athupi Monga Chida Chofufuzira Chizindikiro

Kuchokera ku nthano zakale mpaka ku mafilimu amakono, kusimba nkhani kwakhala kofanana ndi maganizo a munthu. Kugwiritsira ntchito lens ya maganizo kumasintha anthu kuchokera ku zipangizo zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito kukhala zolengedwa zocholoŵana zotsogozedwa ndi mphamvu zimene sizimamvetsetsa kwambiri . Nthano zobisika za chikhumbo, kuponderezana, ndi mikangano. Sigmund Freud, nthanthi za maziko za Carl Jung ndi akatswiri ena ozama, zimapatsa mawu ochotsera mphamvu zimenezi. Mwa kufufuza zisonkhezero, maluso odzitetezera, maluso, ndi kuyesayesa kwaumbulitsa makhalidwe, timazindikira chifukwa chake anthu ena amakhala ndi maganizo athu atatha zaka zambiri. Kudziŵa zinthu sikumachepetsa luso la kupenda zinthu; m’malo mwake, kukulitsa chidziŵitso chathu.

Bulue: Umunthu monga Nkhondo

Pamutu pa Freud [[FLT: 0] ya chitsanzo chakudzisangalatsa. Malamulo a makhalidwe abwino, kaŵirikaŵiri amachokera ku malamulo a makolo ndi a anthu. Umbombo, kudzikuza, ndi , ndi elego. Id ndi chitsime cha chibadwa cha primeal . Lust, kufunidwa kwa kukhutiritsa kwa mwamsanga. Mkhalidwe wa makhalidwe abwino, wobadwa ndi wobadwa nawo kuchokera ku malamulo a makolo ndi a anthu. Umbombo, wogwidwa pakati, wokambitsirana pakati pa zinthu ziŵiri ndi dziko lakunja, wogwira ntchito pa mfundo zenizeni za makhalidwe abwino. Zimawonekera bwino kwambiri. A proganian amene amachita zinthu mosalingalira, kufunafuna zokondweretsa kapena kubwezera popanda zotsatirapo kanthu, amakhala wopalamula, wopalamula mlandu wina; wopasuka ndi liwolo la liwongo lamphamvu la kupambana.

Lingalirani [[NT.0] Atate [[FLT: 1]: Kusintha kwa Michael Corleone kuchokera ku kusakhala kwa banja lokakala kukhala wankhanza Don kungaŵerengedwe monga kupenyetsa pang'onopang'ono kwa mphamvu ya illy, pamene kuli kwakuti kunyadira kwake kumangoyesa kuyesa kugonjetsa chiwawa cha Hyde, koma malamulo apamwamba a Dr Jekyll ndi Hayce kumapanga kugaŵanitsidwa kwenikweni kwa mphamvu ya moyo. Kuyesa kwake kugonjetsa chiwawa cha Hyn, koma kuletsa kwa munthu wotchuka kumagonjetsedwa. Kumanga kumeneku kumapatsa machenjera a makhalidwe abwino, ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu yachibadwa ya moyo. (Ictlyll) ndi kuyesa kukwaniritsa mphamvu ya moyo (Ionly) ndi kuchirikiza kuukira kwa munthu wina, amene amachirikiza kutchuka kwa anthu. [AFoffin.]

Makina Otetezera: Utsi wa Maganizo ndi Magalasi

Freud ananena kuti pamene kudzitama sikungagwirizane ndi ziletso za udongo ndi ziletso za nyukiliya, iko kumagwiritsira ntchito njira zodzitetezera . Njira zosadziŵika zimene zimapotoza kutetezera munthu ku nkhaŵa. Mabuku ndi mafilimu ali odzala ndi machenjera ameneŵa. Msilikali amene amasonkhezera chiwawa chake ku kugwiritsa ntchito kukayikira; mkazi amene amakana kusakhulupirika kwa mwamuna wake mosasamala kanthu za zochita zake zodzitsutsa; wandale amene amalongosola zachinyengo ndi kulungamitsa chuma kokwezeka amapanga nzeru. Kuzindikira zimenezi kumasintha chiwembu chachiphamaso. [[FLD:2] [FLT]

Zodzitetezera zina zofala zimaphatikizapo kubwereranso m'malo owopsa monga ana pansi pa kupsinjika maganizo, monga momwe zikuwonedwera mu Blanche DuBoiss kuchokera ku [[FLT: 0] A Streetcar Named Chifuno Chawo , amene amabwerera m'malo oyerekezera ndi zinyengo za kukonza. Kusintha kumasintha maganizo owopsa ku khalidwe la wotetezeka ku khalidwe la munthu: mu Mice ndi Men , chikhumbo cha zinthu zofeŵa chimamtsogolera kupha zinyama zazing'ono, kutumiza chofuna chitontho m'machitachita zowononga. Njira zoletsedwa za anthu zotchuka: mum'mafuna za m'maganizo a Herbowme . Zidalensing'zo za m'machenjera za m'machenjera a polisi amadzi amadzi a , ndi mabodza, pamene angonena za dziko lonse.

Osadziŵa m’Chiphiphiritso ndi Loto

Freud’s saname joints Kumasulira Maloto kumamveka kuti maloto ali “njira yachifumu yopita kwa asadziŵa kanthu,” akumasonyeza zikhumbo zotsenderezedwa mu mkhalidwe wobisika. Zopeka, kutsata maula ndi mafanizo ophiphiritsira kaŵirikaŵiri amatumikira chifuno chofanana: kukonza za mkati mwa phuluuko. [Factus's [FLT:] Maqueth [[FLT]] ndi gulu la kudzimva kukhala ndi liwongo ndi ulosi, kuchokera ku mpeni yoyandama ku Lady Makebe yoyenda. Mpheto yamakono, Soprano ya Soprano yapadera mu zoyesayesa zake zosaoneka zachiza. Zoyesayesa zake zopanda mphamvu zachizazazazazazazake, zopanda kuwona za kulira kwamphamvu yachikale. Zomwe zimasoko. Zomwe zimasokerapo za kulira kwa wosauka waunika kulirayo.

Zolembedwa za Jungean: Kupangidwa Kosadziŵika

Pamene Freud anasumika maganizo pa kupondereza kwaumwini, Carl Jung anakulitsa chitsanzocho kuti chiphatikizepo gulu la anthu onse osadziŵa kanthu . Ifeyo titakumana ndi anthu amene ali ndi chithunzithunzi ndi mafanizo ophiphiritsira amene anatcha ma ardetypes. zimenezi [mafano] saali zikumbukiro za munthu mmodzi ndi mmodzi koma ndi zidutswa zobadwa nazo zimene zimaumba chikhalidwe cha anthu. Pamene tikumana ndi anthu amene amapanga Hedo, Mbuye, Wanzeru, kapena Trickster, iwo amamveka chifukwa chakuti amakhoma mpangidwe akuyawa. Ulendo wa Hero suli chabe njira yopanga chibadwa ya kuzungulira kwa anthu.

Mthunzi ndi Wolimbana Nawo

Chimodzi cha maluso amphamvu koposa a kukulitsa umunthu ndicho mthunzi, woimira mbali zotsenderezedwa, zakuda za umunthu. Jung anaumirira kuti kuyang'ana mthunzi kuli kofunika kaamba ka kukwanira. M’cholembedwa, atagononi amatumikira monga kuonetsa mikhalidwe ya ngwazi yokanidwa. [[FLT: 0] Fight Club [[FLT]] [Mthunzi wa mdima], Tyler Durden ndi kwenikweni mthunzi wa narrator wopangidwa ndi thupi /harry, wodalira, wogwedezeka kaŵiri. Kuopsa kwa mutu kwa nkhani ya protagon imabuka kwa mdaniyo. Mkwiyoyoyoyoyoyo imalephera kuzindikira kuti mkati mwake. Mthunzi wa shanifazingle , ndipo sukhoza kugonjetsa mphamvu yamphamvuyo kuvomereza chimene iwo amalephera kuzindikira. [[F]

Maonekedwe ndi Nyawu

Jung’s Pano ndi chophimba cha mayanjano chimene timavala kuti tichite mogwirizana ndi ziyembekezo. Ofanana amene amasunga molimbika munthu amakumana ndi vuto pamene abisa ming'alu. Elizabeth Bennet ulendo wake mu Khate ndi Tsankho [ siingokhala chabe kuchotsa tsankhu; kuchotsa munthu wotetezera ndi kudzitetezera yekha amene amamletsa kuwona malo ake akhungu. Darycy, nayenso, amataya munthu wa kunyada. Kuvumbula kuli chochitika cha maganizo osokonezeka maganizo: kufunitsitsa kwa kudzitukumulako kudzipha kukuchita ndi kudzimva kukhala wowonadi ndi woyenerera. [AnFUm'kane , koma kulephera kwa m’thupi. [AnFT.] Mu Prome] [Fetner]

Ulendo wa Hero Wopita ku Psychic Integration

Joseph Campbell’s monomyth, wosonkhezeredwa kwambiri ndi Jung, amaphunzitsidwa monga cholembera cholembedwa, koma kubwerera kwake ku mapu kwa kukula kwake kwa mkati. Chigawo chilichonse (Nthaŵi zonse za Kubwerera, Kukana Kuitanira, Msewu wa Mayeso, Kukumana ndi Mulungudes, Chitetezo ndi Atate, Kubwerera ndi Elixir , Kubwerera ndi nkhope yakeyake, n’kuyang'anizana ndi thunzi. [[FLT:]] Nkhondo , Luka Sky Walker sumar kulowa m’phanga la Dagoba, kumene amayang'ana ndi nkhope yake, n’kuyang'anizana ndi thunzi. Kukana kwake kopambana kupha atate wake mu [FLD [FF: FT] [FFF:] [3]).

Tatengani Frodo Baggins mu Ambuye wa Rings : ulendo wake wa ku Mordor ulinso kutsika mu mdima wake wamkati. Kulira monga chizindikiro cha mthunzi kungamuyesa ndi mphamvu ndipo kumatulutsa kulakalaka kwake kotsenderezedwa. Kulimbana kwake kulimbana ndi iyo kuli mchitidwe wa kulimba, wothera pa nthaŵi pa Phiri la Doom pamene iye adzinenera yekha, kuti apulumutsidwe ndi Gollum. Kulephera kumeneku kwa kudzitukumula kuli kwenikweni monga wolakika. Kulimbana kwake ndi mphamvu kuti ayang'ane ndi mphamvu yamphamvu ya kunja koma osayang'anizana ndi mantha, ndi kubwereranso ndi nzeru ya m’maganizo ya Eli.

Kukhudzidwa Kwambiri ndi Kachilombo ka Malungo ka M’nyanja

Adindo oŵerengeka apatsidwa kufufuzidwa kwa maganizo monga Hamplet ya Shakespeare. Freud iyemwini anagwiritsira ntchito seŵerololo kufotokoza nthanthi yake ya Oedipus Complemy, akumanena kuti kuchedwa kwa Hallet kubwezera atate wake kunachokera ku kutsendereza zilakolako za pachibale ndi kudziŵikitsidwa ndi amalume ake Claudius, amene wapanga chikhumbo chake chosazindikira. Kupyola pa kuŵerenga kwake kwenikweni, psyche ili tribon ya introdion, melancholia, ndi njira zodzitetezera. Iye amasintha mosalekeza, kutembenuzira soliyo kukhala chinduko cholimbana ndi nkhondo. “Kukhala kapena kusalankhula kwake kwabwino. Siko kokha kudzipha koma pakati pa zikhumbo za , kuletsa kwa kudzipha, mbanda yapamwamba, ndi kudzitetezera. Iye amasinthanso mphamvu ya kudzitetezera, angaŵerengedwe kukhala ndi chitsutso champhamvu champhamvu champhamvu kwamphamvu.

Pambuyo pake akatswiri a maganizo, kuphatikizapo Jacques Lacan, apereka maŵerengedwe ena. Lacan anasumika maganizo pa lingaliro la chikhumbo ndi Limodzi: Klaudiyo anakhala mwini wa chinthu chachikhumbo (mayi), ndipo kusinkhasinkha kwa Hallet kumasonyeza kulephera kwake kuwongolera dongosolo lophiphiritsira la lamulo ndi kulakwa. Kuseŵera m’maseŵera kumatumikira monga kalirole . Njira ya Hamlet yosonyezera kukangana kwake kosadziŵa kanthu. Kupsinjika maganizo ndiko chifukwa chake mbadwo uliwonse umapeza lingaliro latsopano m’mbali yake: Hamlet si chinthu chodabwitsa kuti athe kuthetsedwa koma kuti akhale ndi anthu.

Kukana Monga Mbewu ya Kusandulika

M'mawu ofotokoza za maganizo, kuphophonya kwa umunthu sikuli kulephera kwa umunthu; kuli pulogalamu yosatha kutsutsana kwa ndalama. Cholakwikacho kaŵirikaŵiri chimatanthauza kudzitetezera kumene kwatha ntchito yake. Mwachitsanzo, Walter White mu Kugonjetsa Bad [FLT] poyamba kumalungamitsa kuchuluka kwake monga kuchuluka kwa ndalama za banja lake. Komabe, kuli chivulazo chachikulu kwa munthu wa amuna yekha, zaka za kunyansidwa ndi kunyozedwa, ndi kansa imene imathetsa kukana kwake kufa. Msika wake ndi kuphulika kwa pang’onopang'onopang'ono kwa , monga kulimba kwa kudziletsa kwa ndalama kwa gulu lapamwamba la anthu. Komabe, kuli chiwopsezo chachikulu cha kuchenjera kwa anthu chifukwa cha kuwona kwauka kwauka kwamphamvu kwa munthu.

Kukula kwenikweni, pamene kuchitika, kumafuna kuti munthuyo adziwonere yekha moona mtima, kutha kwa kanthaŵi, kulola choonadi kuonekera. Nthaŵi ya Elizabeth Bennet ya manyazi pambuyo poŵerenga kalata ya Dary’s ndi chochitika ichi: ayenera kuyang'ana ndi kunyada kwake ndi tsankhu lake asanasinthe. Pasanachitike nthaŵi ngati zimenezi, khalidwe limakhala losasintha, ngakhale zochitika zambiri zimene zimawachitikira. [Mad Men [1] , Don Draper akubwereramo mobwerezabwereza kupyola makhalidwe owononga , kumwa, kukonzanso chizindikiritso chake cha munthu wake: chizindikiritso chake chakufa ndi chowonongeka. Iye sasinthanso kulakwa kwake kwaunika.

Kusweka Mtima ndi Kusweka

Nthanthi ya maganizo a maganizo a pambuyo pake, yosonkhezeredwa ndi kugwirizana kwa zinthu ndi kufufuza, imafutukula mkhalidwe wa kupsinjika maganizo. Chochitika chowopsa chingapangitse kudzigaŵa, kuchititsa kugaŵana pakati pa zokumana nazo ndi kuwona kunyada. Zofanana ndi zija za [[FLT: 0] zokondedwa ndi Tonion [kamodzi] [kamodzi] ndi filimuyo [[FLT:]] Black Swan [[] nthaŵi zambiri kugwiritsira ntchito nthaŵi zosadziŵika bwino, zipsezo, ndi kuchotsa chithunzithunzi cha makhalidwe a munthuyo. Zimasinthasintha kwambiri, koma zimathandiza kumvetsetsa kudabwitsa kwa mtundu wa THBLEB [FFF:] [FFFF:]

Mu Atsikana pa Chiphunzitso , uchidakwa wa Rachel ndi kuwala kwake zimatumikira monga zotetezera zotetezera zapambuyo pa padera ndi kulephera ukwati. Mndandanda wogaŵikana wa malo ano oonekera pa psyche yake yogaŵikana, ndipo kuchira kwake kumadalira pa kugwirizanitsa zikumbukiro zowonongeka. Trauma ikhozanso kuperekedwa m'mibadwo yonse, monga momwe kuliri kwa Sese mu Wokondedwa , amene liwongo lake la kuphana limasonyezedwa ndi chitsenderezo cha mwana wake wamkazi wakufa. Lingaliro lamaganizo la kubwerezanso kukakamiza zochitika zatsoka.

Wolembayo Sadziwa Zochita Zake Ndiponso Mmene Anapangidwira

Olemba mabuku ambiri amasintha zinthu ndi kusasinthasintha kwa zinthu, koma amagwiritsa ntchito zopeka pofufuza. Ntchito yolenga imaoneka ngati njira yodzitetezera imene imaletsa zisonkhezero kukhala zaluso lapadera. Kuwerenga kwa mbiri yakale kungachepetsedwe, koma njira yothandiza kuti anthu aziona zinthu ngati zopanda pake pogwiritsa ntchito mawu a m’kamwa mwawo polankhula. Chotulukapo chake ndi chizo kuteteza anthu amene amaletsa zisonkhezero zawo kuti zikhale zofunikira kwa anthu.

Talingalirani za Esther Plath wa Sylvia Greenwood mu [FLT ] The Bell Jar [1] [1] Buku la mbiri ya anthu odzilamulira mopambanitsa, ndipo kupsinjika maganizo kwake ndi kulephera kwake kwa maelectroshshock kumasonyeza kusokonezeka kwa Plath. Mawu a munthuyo amanyansidwa ndi mkwiyo wa wolembayo ndi kuthedwa nzeru, kupatsa ntchito mphamvu yosalimba. Mofananamo, J.D. Salinger’s Ramen Caulfield amayendetsa nyimbo za Plath jajing ndi kusokonezeka maganizo kwake kwa munthu mwini. Pamene alembi akuonetsa mikangano yawo pa zilembo, kaŵirikaŵiri amapanga miyambi ya mawu yakuti, akulankhula mochokera ku chowonadi cha m’maganizo.

Kukopa Madzi Kuloŵa m’Kuŵerenga Kopindulitsa

Kuwona kachitidwe ka thupi kupyolera m'lens ya kusokonezeka kwa maganizo sikumafuna kuchepetsa luso ndi kusadziŵa. Mmalomwake, kumapereka mpambo wa zida zopangira mapu a m’kati amene amapereka mphamvu yawo yokhalitsa. Pamene titsata kuseŵeredwa kwa id, kudzitama, ndi troego; zindikirani njira zodzitetezera; kuzindikira maluso a kupsinjika maganizo; ndipo kulemekeza mbali ya kusokonezeka ndi kusadziŵa, timafukula zomanga zamaganizo zimene zimachititsa kachitidwe kake kake kukhala kosapeŵeka, kodabwitsa, ndi koyenda. Magalasi ameneŵa amakulitsanso chifundo: timazindikira m’maseŵera athu obisika, mawonekedwe athu, ndi maulendo athu a m’mahema athu omwe amapirira kubwerera ku malo a pansi, ndi mphetengo wathupi omwe amawonetsa ndi masitepe owala osavuta. Mwakumvetsa, ndi zilembo zapamwamba, sitimvetsetsa bwino kwambiri, kaŵirikaŵiri timazindikira, tikudziŵa bwino, tsiku lirilonse.