anime-production-and-industry-insights
Kusanthula Kusintha kwa Chidziŵitso Choyambirira m’Kutulutsa Animime
Table of Contents
Malo opangira zinthu za aimae akusintha kwambiri. Kwa zaka makumi ambiri, mafilimu ambiri a pa TV ndi mafilimu anali otengera ma ma ma manga, manovheti owala, mabuku oonetsa zinthu, kapena masewera a pa vidiyo. Zinthu zimenezi zopangidwa ndi mafashoni opangidwa ndi mafashoni ndi nkhani zotsimikizika, kuchepetsa ngozi ya kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zodula kwambiri. Komabe, zaka khumi zapitazi zakhala ndi kupendekeka kwakukulu kwa zinthu zoyambirirazo, zobadwiratu ndi zojambula zithunzi, zopanda ziŵiya kapena ziŵiya zamakono. Chisinthiko chimenechi sichiri kokha si si sifashoni yongopeka chabe; ndi kuulutsidwa kwenikweni kwa dziko lonse, kusintha kwa zikhumbo, ndi zolinga za omvetsera, ndi zolinga zapadera zonse ziŵiri ndi kuthamanga kwa masiteshoni.
Atsatiri a anomi [1] ali othekera kukumana ndi nkhani yoyambirira monga [[FLT: 0] Vivy: Lunguya ya Diso la Fluorite [1] kapena .Odd Taxi monga momwe zilili kusinthika kwa Shonen Juk. Kupambana kwa ntchito zimenezi kwatsimikizira kuti aime yoyambirira siingapeze kutchuka kokha komanso kutchuka kwa malonda padziko lonse. Komabe ngozizo zikukhalabe zazikulu. Nkhaniyi ikupenda mphamvu kumbuyo kwa kusunthira, chiyambukiro chake pa nkhani ndi kutulutsidwa kwa chuma, mavuto amene amapitirizabe, ndi zimene mtsogolo mwa kuimirira kugulitsidwa kwa msika wa zamalonda.
Mbiri Yake: Chitsanzo cha Kusintha
Kumvetsa tanthauzo la chikhoterero chamakono, nkothandiza kukumbukira mmene kusintha kunalili. M’ma 1990 ndi 2000, nyengo zambiri za aime zinadzazidwa ndi mitu yozikidwa pa manga yotsatizana m’magazini monga Suen Jug , , [[FLT], [[FONT]], [[Montly] [Mbonic] chifukwa chakuti adagwira ntchito ya luntha loyambirira. [FLT:] [Pambuyo] [FONT:]. Komiti yopanga yopanga zinthu . . Komiti ya ofalitsa, oulutsa, ndi makampani opanga malonda, ndi opanga malonda, adapanganso zinthu zina. [at''''''''kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthaŵi zambiri, inagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kuwonjezera chipangizo chokopa cha anthu.
Maprojekiti oyambirira a aimime anali osoŵa ndipo kwenikweni anatulukira kuchokera ku zolembedwa zokhazikitsidwa. Neon Genesis Evangelince [1] (1995 ) (95) adakali ntchito yoyambirira imene inasintha mecha ndi sewero la maganizo, inasonyeza kuthekera kwa malonda a kusakhala kujambula, ndipo inatulutsa nkhani zambiri zokhala ngati fracecience. Boy Bebop ndi [FLL:] FL [2] [4] [3] [zikuwonjezera pa zopanga zolembedwa, zinatsimikiziranso kuti nkhani yoyamba, yochirikiridwa ndi wolemba mtsogoleri ndi wolembalemba, zonse zikhoza kukhala gulu lapadziko lonse. [IFFLT] [ictive]
Kusinthaku kunayamba kuchitika kwambiri chakumapeto kwa zaka za m’ma 2010, pamene zinthu ziwiri zinagwirizana: kuchuluka kwa malo ochezera a pakompyuta ndiponso njala yoonekera kwa anthu amene sankadziwa n’komwe nkhani zina. Mwadzidzidzi, kamwayi woyambirira kangapeze anthu padziko lonse tsiku lomayamba kugwiritsa ntchito sitimayi, ndipo ndalama zambiri zimene anthu ankapeza potengera pulogalamu yosonyeza kuti anasintha kwambiri zinthu. Zimenezi zinasintha kwambiri mmene ankafunira kuti ayambe kugwiritsa ntchito malo ochezera ndi oyendetsa makampani.
Oyendetsa Magalimoto a Kusintha kwa Zinthu Koyambirira
Mphamvu zingapo zogwirizana zasonkhezera nyengo yachikale yachikale ya kulimba. Zimaposa kwambiri "ufulu wokha" ndi kuphatikizapo kusintha kwa zachuma, zaluso, ndi chikhalidwe.
Kusefukira kwa Dziko Lonse ndi Kufa kwa Mapazi Opasuka
Platforms monga [[FLT: 0] Crunochroll , Netflix, ndi Amazon Prime Vide ino ino yogwetsa m'magawo oposa 200. Kutulutsidwa kwa dziko lonse kumeneku kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kumachotsa kufalitsidwa kwakale kumene kunachititsa IP kugulitsidwa mwamphamvu. Makonzedwe onga [[FLT:] Kight la Kill (2013]) adachotsedwa ndi kuulutsidwa kwa TV yoyambirira ya Trigo kupezedwa ndi omvetsera ambiri padziko lonse kudzera m’mchenga, kutsimikizira kuti chiphunzitso choyambirira, choyambirira chikhoza kupanga mtundu wa dziko lonse popanda munthu woyambirira. Netflix's's proctives of as of procipt [Fective:]
Makampani a zachuma ali okakamiza: mautumiki opita ku mautumiki ali ndi njala ya zinthu zokha zimene sizingayerekezeredwe ndi magwero a kalembedwe kapena manga. Dzina loyambirira limakhala lokha ndipo lingagulitsidwe monga papulatifomu yapadera. Kwa ma situdio, zimenezi kaŵirikaŵiri zimatanthauza ndalama zochulukirapo, kuchirikiza kwambiri malonda, ndi njira yachindunji kwa ochemerera a m’maiko osiyanasiyana.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito IP Mogometsa
Studios monga [[FLT: 0] I. G [FFLT:1], [[FT:]] , Wudi Studio, ndi [[FLT:] Mabotolo [[FLT:]] [FFUP] [FUP] [FUP]] Achuluka kwambiri ntchito zokhala ndi ndandanda ya chuma. Pamene aime imakhala yogwirizana, ufulu wa IP umagawana ndi woyambirira (Koda, Shogakan, etc.) ndi komiti yopangidwa ndi masewero kaŵirikaŵiri yosidwa ndi mafayi owonjezera ntchito yothandizira ndi yosatsalira ndalama ndi yosatsalira: Fonso ndi yosaitsalira m'thunzi. [FUFUFUF: Fon.] Fon: Lonje [1] Fouse:
Kutsekemera m’Njira Yopimira
Pamene kuli kwakuti manga ndi manope opepuka akupitirizabe kupanga nthano zodabwitsa, unyinji wa animi wopangidwa chaka chirichonse (masewera 300 mu 2023) achititsa mtundu wa kutopa kosintha. Nthano zambiri zapamwamba za profile zakhala kale zowonetsedwa; zina nzachidule, zazitali kwambiri, kapena zokwera mtengo kwambiri ku laisensi. Maindasitale atembenukira kwambiri ku malo oyamba kudzaza mawailesi ndi kuthamanga. Izi zatsegula khomo kaamba ka wolimbika, genre-defing , gen-ding projective yomwe ingavutike kupulumuka msika wowala wovuta kuwona kuwala, kumene mphamvu yamphamvu yapangika imalamulira.
4. Kuchuluka kwa Mizimu Yoipa ndi Mizimu Yosasangalatsa ya Auteur - Drive Studios
Talente yaing’ono kaŵirikaŵiri imalakalaka kuuza nkhani zoyambirira. Oyang'anira onga [FLT: 0] Kiyotaka Oshiyama ([FLT: 1] [[[FLT:]] Flacters ]), , [[FLT] , [FUT:] , [[FFUT:] , [NTSOG:] , [[FFFFF:]] . [FLT] [FLT] [ma:] Miza , [[FLT] [FLT:] [mu: "kukopa] [kukopa] [zifunsinsi] [zi] [ziyeso] [ziyeso] [ziyeso] [ziyeso] [ziyenje] [[FLT] [F:] [FMF:] [FLT] [F] [F:] [F:] [FM] [FLT] [11] [1] [1] [1] [3] [3
Chiyambukiro pa Kusimba ndi Kusintha Kochepa
Kuchoka pa pulogalamu ya m'Baibulo kwachititsa kuti pakhale kuyesa kovuta kutengera mfundo za m'nkhani. Mawu oyambirira osonyeza kuti munthu atha kulemba zinthu mogwirizana ndi zimene walemba. Olemba angalembe zinthu zokhala ndi chiyambi, pakati, ndipo amagwirizana ndi zochitika 11 kapena 12 za foni imodzi. Palibe chifukwa chomagwiritsa ntchito mawu amodzi, kudumpha , kapena kujambula.
Umboni wa kulimba kumeneku umalimbikitsa [[FLT: 0] chinsinsi, mapulani ambiri a mafilimu . [[FLT]] ODDTAXI [202] ndi chitsanzo chachikulu: kujambula kwa orchestra kwa chinsinsi 13-epide kumene kukambitsirana kulikonse kooneka ngati kwachilendo, kuwoneka kwa nyama, ndi drama yapambuyo ya wailesi imatseguka pamapeto chifukwa chokha chakuti nkhaniyo inalengedwa monga chinthu chokwanira. Palibe wolemba nkhani yopepuka amene akanalimba, cholembedwa popanda munthu wotsimikizira lingaliro loyamba.
Kuyambiriro kwa animime imalolanso kuphatikizana kwachikale. [FLT :1] kumene kungapangitse osunga chipata aulaliki. Kill la Kill la Kill yogwirizana ndi kumenyana kwapamwamba kwa sukulu, fashoni, ndi seŵero la banja kukhala kinetic . [FLT:] [[FLT]] [VVIT]: Vivy: Song'Airte's Song [ yogwirizana ndi nthaŵi-tral, Ilityism, ndi ntchito ya fano. Mwana wa Boy [FLD .] wokonda [FLD:] adasiya kukondwera kwa filosofi. Zomwe zinadziŵika kwambiri chifukwa cha kuthamapanganso.
Phindu lina losafunika ndilo la kudzilamulira. Posintha, otsatsa atsamwali amapenda zizindikiro zotsutsana ndi manga anzawo, kutsogolera ku mkangano wonena za "kukhulupirika" zilembo zoyambirira zimaweruzidwa kokha pa ubwino wa mayeso ndi mawu omveka, kumasula olenga kuchokera ku ku kukoka kwa mumlengalenga kwa chinthu chomwe chinaikidwa. Zimenezi zachititsa ena a anthu osaiŵalika ndi ovuta kwambiri m'makedzana: liwongo lachiŵiroid ndi Vivy, kutsutsana ndi mawu olakwika mu [FLT:] Audma [FLT] [FF:], ndi ofala a wracle. [FLT]
Motsimikizirika, kusoŵeka kwa zolembedwa za magwero kumalolanso kumaliza. Popanda zowononga zopepuka zozungulira pa Intaneti, aime yoyambirira ikhoza kusunga kupotoka kwake kufikira kukuulutsidwa, kupanga chochitika chimodzi chapadziko lonse chofanana ndi mapeto a TV. Puellas Magicka Maca Magica [1] (20:1) chiyambukiro chake chotchuka pa nkhani yoyambirira imene palibe munthu angaiyembekezere, kutembenuza genyo.
Mavuto a Zachuma
Pachikoka chake chonse cha kulenga, kutulutsa akemine kuli kopambana. Kupanda kwa magwero otsimikizirika kumatanthauza kukopa omvetsera kuchokera ku kukwapulidwa, kudalira kokha pa ngolo, mbiri yabwino, ndi kukwezedwa kwa protratocast. Ngati zochitika zoyambirirazo sizimanyenga openyerera, palibe njira yoŵerengera yomangidwa mwa kusungitsa kuonera filimu. Zimenezi zingatsogolere ku kutaikiridwa kwa matupikicacy , makamaka kaamba ka malo ochezera a kanema ngati akhala ndi mbali yotsogolera m'kuchilikiza.
Zoletsa za banki ndizowonjezereka: ntchito yoyamba imafunikira kuchuluka kwa kumanga dziko lisanapangidwe, maluso aumunthu kuchokera ku chilembo chopanda kanthu, ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri kulembedwa kowonjezereka. Amime ambiri oyambirira asokonezedwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa ntchito, monga momwe zinalili ndi Wonder Egg Priority [ [201], imene inayamba ndi kutamandidwa koma kugwera m’chimaliziro chosakwanira ndi chotsutsana ndi ndandanda ya zinthu zomveka. Popanda khomo lakutetezereka la zinthu zimene zimalamulira chiweruzo, nkhani zoyambirira zingagwere kapena kugwa pansi pa kulemera kwake.
Kutsatsa malonda ndi chopinga china. Woonerera agulumu apeza mapulogalamu a ma ma bull ndi mabuku osavuta, maakaunti a ofalitsa a za mayanjano, ndi zikhalidwe za anthu zomwe zilipo. Antime ayenera kugulitsidwa monga mitundu yatsopano, ikufuna kuikizira kwambiri PVs, zithunzi zofunika, ndi zochitika zazikulu. Ngakhale ngati pali kuchuluka kwa zinthu, chinthu choyamba chingamizidwe ndi kusintha kwa nyengo kokhazikika kusiyapo ngati chisungitsa chiŵiya chotchuka cha nthaŵi yake kapena mawu amphamvu a pa mawu a pa meyuu.
Ndiponso, kuthekera kwa kulenga nkosatsimikizirika . Kusintha kwachipambano kungatulutse nyengo zambiri malinga ndi kupitiriza kwa zinthu. Kuyambirira, kumangofotokoza nkhani yonse ndi kutha dala. Kuwona mtima kumeneku n’koyamikika, koma kumachepetsa kusungunuka kwanthaŵi yaitali kumene kumasunga zosungunulira. Kupanga sequel ku nkhani yomaliza ndi luso lodabwitsa limene lingasokonezeke, monga momwe kuwonera ndi kulandiridwa kwa mitundu ina ya zotsata zotsatira.
Kufufuza za Matenda: Anime Yoyambirira Imene Inalongosolanso Mtundu
Zolemba zoyambirira zochepa chabe n’zodziŵika osati chifukwa cha luso lawo lojambula komanso chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zotha kusintha njira za makampaniwo.
1. Neon Genesis Evangelion (1995) [1] – Mtsogoleri Hideaki Anno’s a apocalypse mecha deconism anali kutchova juga ndi Gainax yomwe inalipira kwambiri. Inasonyeza kuti chida choyambirira chingathe kuyambitsa mafilimu ophatikizapo mafilimu, malonda, makina a pachinko, ndi kujambula kwa chikhalidwe chapadziko lonse kumene kumachirikizabe mafilimu atsopano.
. Madoka Magica (2011) [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] ndi wolemba Gen Urobuchi anatsimikizira kuti msungwana woyamba wamatsenga angawononge genre yonse ndi kukhala woima. Chiwonetserocho chinali chotheka kokha chifukwa chakuti sichinamangidwa ndi manga. Chipambano chake chinayambitsa mdima wakuda, maina amatsenga oyambirira ndi Ayuki Shintoki’s stadio monga nyumba yopangira zinthu.
3. Sila la Kill (2013) [1] [1] [1] [1] ndandanda ya TV inali kalata yachikondi yosonyeza kuchuluka kwa zinthu, ikusonyeza kuti chinthu choyambirira chikhoza kuyendetsa memes yaikulu pa Intaneti, cossiver , ndi wailesi yamphamvu. Inayala maziko a Trigger ya malonda oyambirira a TRGB, yomaliza kujambula monga Procre . ndi [FLT:] CYGB]
4. ODDTAXI (201) -A count fluver yosonyeza nyama zojambula, inatuluka kuchokera ku gulu laling'ono ndi kukhala ndi chitsitsilo. Nkhanizo zinatamandidwa chifukwa cha kulinganiza kwake kocholoŵana, ndipo chipambano chake pa mapulatifomu a kuthamanga chinasonyeza kuti ngakhale olembawo a pansi kwambiri angapezepo ngati anali apadera. Pambuyo pake anapata Anime ya Chaka pa Tokyo Animaward.
5. Vivy: Fluorite Leah (2021) – Nkhani ya jaija yolembedwa ndi Re: Zaro wolemba Tape Nagatsuki, koma yoyambirira. Kujambula kwapamwamba kwa budget kochitidwa ndi Wit Studio ndi kalembedwe kamphamvu (kuikanso mbali iliyonse m’nyengo ya nthaŵi ina) kunasonyeza kuti zoyambazo zikhoza kufanana ndi zosintha zazikulu. Chinali chivomerezo cha padziko lonse chimene chinasonyezedwa pa manyuzipepala a mlungu ndi mlungu, kuchirikiza chitsanzo cha zochitika.
Ntchito ya Makomiti Opanga Zinthu ndi Chisinthiko cha IP
Chimodzi cha zinthu zofunika kwambiri, ngati sizikuoneka kwambiri, ndicho kukonzanso kwa komiti yopanga. M'kakhalidwe, wofalitsa wa zinthu za magwero amakhala pa komiti. M'zochitika zoyambirira, chipinda chochitira mayeso kaŵirikaŵiri chimatenga mpando kapena makhofi ndi makampani owonjezera. Kusintha kumeneku kumapatsa malo ochitiramo mabizinesi aakulu ndi kukonza zinthu zambiri. Malinga ndi [FLT: 0] Anime News Network [[FFLT:1], mahodikodi monga MAPPA aikidwa mowonjezereka m'maprojekiti awo oyambirira [FLT:] juus juus Kanush . [FLT3] (kukulu kwa mafilimu a kusintha) [FFFT:] ndi: FTFFFFFFF: FLAC: (kup) koma kuppediza kuzungulira kwa Taiwan Taiwan.
Ainme yomwe ikhoza kukhala yotchuka kwambiri ingakhale frankchis kumbuyo: mpambo wogundidwa umachititsa kubadwa kwa manga kusinthika, kuwala kwatsopano kwa snow-offs, ndi maseŵera a m’magalimoto. Kufikira kumeneku "panee-fir" kukufalikira kwambiri. Psycho-Pas, Pscho-s , osati njira ina yozungulira. Zisonkhezero zimenezi zinayamba monga aime kuchokera ku Chisinthiko I. G ndi Gen Urobuchi; tsopano zimabala nyengo zingapo, mafilimu, malebulo, ndi manopeti. Frankse imamera kuchokera ku a anim, osati njira ina yozungulira. Zisonkhetso zimenezi zimajambula bwino: malo opanga zinthu zokhala pangozi.
Kuyenda Mozungulira Monga Mapindu
Netflix, makamaka, wachita mbali yosiyana m'kuchirikiza kuchirikiza kuchuluka kwa matenda oyambitsidwa ndi boma amene angakhale owopsa kwambiri kwa komiti ya pa TV ya padziko lapansi. Amasonyeza ngati [[FLT: 0] Mtsogoleri wa Mdyerekezi Crybaby , [[FLT:] [[FLT]], [[FLT]] Japan Sinki: 2020 [[[FLT] [FLT] [3], [[FLT]] [4]] Dorodorodoro[[[FLT:]] (yozikidwa pa mafiti a nyumba ya maluso), ndipo [[FTLT] [F] ndi kupambana kwachiŵiri kwa kutulutsa kwake, kukhoza kwachimopetsa. Ufulu wachiŵirinso. Ufulu wapadziko lapansi: [FT]
Makina adziko lonse awonjezekanso. [FLT: 0] Cyberpunk: Didgers (2022), kugwirizana pakati pa CD Projekt Red ndi Studio Trigger, inali nkhani yoyambirira yokhazikitsidwa mu [[FLT:] Cyberpunk 2077] thambo. Chinali chinthu cha padziko lonse, kuyambitsanso chidwi ndi masewera ndi kupatsa Trig mlingo watsopano wa kutchuka. Chitsanzo chimenechi [1] Kumene kumakhala mayanjano osakhala a ku Japan ndi malo oyambirapo ndi kuyambitsa masamu oyambirira a mtanda wa m'tsogolo.
Ubwino wa kubwerera kumbuyo kwa zinthu ndi kukonza kwa nyengo ya dontho. Ngati pulogalamu yonga Edgerunners imatulutsidwa nthaŵi imodzi, imalimbikitsa kuyang'ana mopambanitsa ndi mawu achidule a kalembedwe ka mawu, kuchotsa pang'onopang'ono ka kuulutsa kwa mlungu ndi mlungu. Kujambula koyambirira, kukhoza kutsekereza anthu mwamsanga asanaiŵale mfundo yake n’kofunika.
Masautso Amtsogolo: Kumene Ansinsi Oyambirira Akupita
Chiyambi cha mapulatifomu ofunafuna matanthauzo, oyenera, otsogolera onga Masaaki Yuasa, Shinichiwabe, ndi Hiroshigahama angalandire ndalama za ntchito zaumbombo zimene sizingachirikize TV. Pakali pano, U mu Uh [FLT], OK [FLT] ndi [FLT:] Mfumu yachikomyunizimu [FLT:]
Chachiŵiri, , ndi kumasulira kwenikweni kwa nthaŵi [[FLT: 1] kungachepetse chopinga kuti aone zinthu zoyambirira. Techniologies monga Uneal Engine akugwirizanitsidwa m'mapaipi opanga ndi aimy, kulola olenga kuyambitsa ndi kuyala malingaliro oyambirira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mtengo wochepa wa kuyambika kwa ntchito. Zimenezi zingayambitse kuwonjezereka kwa m'mafakitale oyambitsidwa ndi timagulu ting'onoting'ono ndi ochirikizidwa ndi mathilo operekedwa ndi anthu kapena papulatifomu.
Chachitatu, fakitale ya kampani ya maanyanine-IP idzakula. Studios adzagwira ntchito mowonjezereka monga malagi ochepera, kukonza malo osungirako zikalata zoyambirira za IP zimene zingalozedwe kudutsa maseŵero, NFTS, ndi malo ozungulira. Production I. G[FLD:3] ndi BULONE [F:5] kumanga kale mtundu umenewu wa chuma. Kupambana kwa Mtengo [FL:] Wotchuka [FL:] (FLT] [FLD]]
Komabe, kusamala n’koyenera. Kulephera kwa ntchito zambiri zopangidwa ndi pulojekiti yoyambirira (zina zimene zinakwiriridwa ndi ndandanda yosayenerera kapena kumira m'nyengo zodzaza anthu) kungatsogolere kubwerera kumbuyo kuti agwirizane ndi zinthu ngati kubwererako kwa ndalama sikungafanane ndi ziyembekezo. Makampaniwo ndi opanga zinthu zongosinthasinthasintha, ndipo mabizinesi owonongeka nthaŵi ndi nthaŵi angawonjezeredwe ku zinthu zotetezeka. Komabe mapindu a nyumba , malo apadziko lonse, kugaŵira nkhani zongotchulidwa [1] ndi mphamvu kwambiri yotha kunyalanyaza.
Lipoti laposachedwapa kuchokera ku . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Kumaliza
Kusintha kwa zinthu zoyambirira zopangidwa ndi aimy sikuli chabe kupandukira kusinthika kwa zinthu zakale; ndiko kusintha kwabwino kwa maindasitale onse. M'malo mwake akupereka nkhani zosayerekezereka zosimba, kuthekera kwa IP yonse, ndi njira yachindunji yosinthira ku zinthu zapadziko lonse zokumana nazo. Pamene kuli kwakuti mavuto aakulu a zachuma ndi kuchirikiza kutsalira, zipambano za zaka khumi zapitazo . [kuchokera ku [[FLT: 0] Madoka Masala Magica [[[FLT: 1]] kwa [FLT:] Edgerners .
Pamene kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kukupitirizabe kuchititsa mzera pakati pa luso ndi malonda, antime idzakhala imene imakwatira masomphenya amodzi ndi kumvetsetsa kwa anthu a mitundu yonse. Kwa otsata, izi zikutanthauza dzina laulemu losatha limene lingatidabwitsedi, popanda chithunzi cha mutu wa manga. Kwa olenga, ndi mwayi waukulu kwambiri kuyambitsa dziko kuchokera ku kukwathuka ndi mtsogolo mwawo. Nthaŵi yagolide ya aime si mphindi zokha; ndiko kusintha kwa nyumba kumene kungafotokoze bwino zaka za zana limodzi ndi theka la malusowo.