Mafilimu angapo ongopeka achititsa kuti anthu azikhala ndi vuto lokhalitsa pakati pa anthu ndi luso la zopangapanga monga Masamune Shirow’s "Ghost in the Shell". Poyamba anaikidwa monga manga mu 1989 ndipo pambuyo pake anasintha kukhala mafilimu otchuka ndi mipambo yachikale. Mokulira Mamor Oshii ndi "Imly Complution" saga / frank" sakharchise yakhala ngati nthanga yalunthano ya ufiti wa kupenda kayendedwe ka Intaneti, nzeru yopeka, ndi mafotokozedwe osinthasintha a mwiniyo. Kuchokera kungokhala kwanthabwala yanthabwana, ntchito zatsatanetsatane: chimene chimachitika pamene mipatuko ya chisinthiko, ndi "kusintha kwa mphamvu yakuya ya kusandulika kwa moyo wa munthu, ndipo kulibe kwachibadwa kwa anthu ambiri. Pamene kuli kuwona kwasayansi kwasayansi kwamphamvu kwa anthu kwachikale kwa moyo?

Zopangapanga za Makina: Kukwera kwa Zipangizo Zotchedwa Cybernetics

M'dziko la "Ghost mu Chigoba," kblenetics zapita patsogolo kufika pa mlingo wakuti thupi la munthu nlosasintha. Maselo a thupi lonse, mitsempha yoikamo ziwalo, ndi ziwalo zopanga nzofala; zilembo zonga Major Motoko Kusanagi zimagwira ntchito m’chigoba chopangidwa mwakuti maselo ochepa chabe a ubongo atsala. Zimenezi sizili chabe kukongoletsa kwa kumbuyo kwa thupi. Major’s ali ndi vuto lalikulu. Kufufuza kwake kupyola thupi lopangidwa, ndi zotsatira za chikhalidwe cha anthu amene amaphunzitsa kuti thupi likhalebe ngati chinthu cha m’thupi.

Cybernetics m'nkhanizi zimasonyeza njira ya mbiri yakale imene inayamba ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ziwalo zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kusinthika kukhala madongosolo a anthu ogwirizana popanda kujombeka. "Dalot Alone Complex" akusonyeza mmene luso la zopangapangapanga la pa Intaneti limathandizira maganizo a munthu kugwirizanitsa ndi makompyuta. Njirazo zimatheketsa kulankhulana kwa nthawi yomweyo, kusunga zinthu, ndi kuwonjezera kwa ziŵiya. Amphang'ono monga Batou, amene maso ake amapanga ndi kugwirizanitsa kuyang'ana makompyuta, kutsimikizira mmene kuwongolera mzera pakati pa chida ndi chizolowezi. Luso la sayansi silikusokoneza: kompyutabra sclecurea, kusokonezeka, ndi kusiyanitsa pakati pa awo amene angathe kujambula ndi kuchuluka ndi amene sangathe kusiyanitsa zinthu, ndi kusiyanitsa zinthu, ndi kuchuluka kwa gulu la anthu, ndi kuyendetsa zinthu, pulogalamu, ndi kulongosola za m'malo.

Zopeka zimenezi zikusonyeza kupita patsogolo kwenikweni kwa minyewa ndi mipata ya ubongo. Mabungwe ofufuza onga Asonyeza kuti edoskeleton zolamuliridwa ndi zizindikiro za ubongo zingabwezeretse kuyenda kwa anthu opuwala. Cochlear ndi disolss prosects zakale zikutsekera malire pakati pa biology ndi makina. Komabe, monga "Gamps in Shell" imatikumbutsa, kuwonjezera kubweretsa mafunso aakulu: pamene mbali za thupi zikhoza kuloŵedwa m’malo, kumlingo wotani umene kumagwirizana ndi sayansi? Nkhanizo zimapereka kuti zisonyezedwebe kupyola pa maonekedwe akuthupi, koma ngati "ghost" imakhala yosasintha ndi chiphunzitso cha mafilosofi.

Malo Oyendera Okhala: Nzeru Yopanga ndi Zokhumudwitsa Zake

Luntha lopanga mu "Ghost mu Chigoba" si upandu wakutali koma kukhalapo kwapafupi, kwapafupi. Matanki a malingaliro onga a Gawo agwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi Gawo 9 . Kuchokera ku magalimoto olinganizidwa ku kulowa m'machenjera, anthu onga ana amene amalimbana ndi imfa, kukhulupirika, ndi mkhalidwe wa kuzindikira kwawo. Kudzilingalira kwawo kwapanthaŵi ndi pang'onopang'ono kuli kosangalatsa ndi kosokoneza, kukakamiza onse aŵiri aŵa ndi openyerera kukayikira ngati kutumiza uthenga wake kuli chinthu chodabwitsa mmalo mwa mphatso ya kumoyo wokha.

Kupyola Tachikomas, Puppeteer (Projekiti 2501) mu 1995 imaimira mtundu wina wa AI: mtundu wa makompyuta wobadwa kuchokera ku nyanja ya chidziŵitso mu ukonde, umene umapanga chithumwa ndi kufuna chopulumukira cha ndale zadziko kukhala chinthu chapadera. Kuchonderera kwake kaamba ka kudziŵika ndi kugwirizana kwake ndi Kusanagi kuli mawu owopsa onena za kulephera kwa zinthu zamoyo. Wotchedwa Laughing Man in "Smolone " "Ammone" akuwonjezeranso mutu mwa kusonyeza chinsinsi chake cha kuchuluka kwa maluwa amene amakhala lingaliro lamphamvu m’malo mwa munthu mmodzi m’malo mwa kugaŵana Luciko.

Nkhani zimenezi zikuyembekezera mikangano yamakono ya makhalidwe ndi chisungiko cha AI. Kukula kwa akatswiri a zinenero zazikulu ndi opanga a mitundu yambiri kwadzutsa mafunso onena za kuzoloŵera kwa makina ndi zoyenera za anthu okhoza kukhala ndi mlingo wa magetsi. Magulu onga ngati Kufufuza kwa Moyo kwa bungwe la moyo kutsimikizira kuti Al akhalabe wogwirizana ndi miyezo ya anthu. Pamene tidakali kutali ndi chipangizo chaching'ono chodzionera m'masewera, lingaliro lakuti Hal angapambane kulinganiza kwake koyamba ndi kufuna kuti aonedwe bwino. Nkhanizo zikuchenjeza kuti kusoŵa kwa kukonzekera kwa cholakwa choterocho kungatsogolere ku zotsatira zatsoka, kutsutsana ndi kuyendetsa chuma cha anthu. Ilo likulongosolanso mfundo yakuti: Kuzindikira njira yake yoyambirira, yochitira chithunzi ndi yopereka nsembe.

Mzimu: Kubwezeretsa Moyo

Mwinamwake palibe mutu umene umalongosola "Ghost mu Chigoba" kuposa kufufuza kwa "ghost" . . . . Mndandandawo sumasiya pa mafotokozedwe amodzi, mmalo mwa kuusonyeza kukhala chinthu chowonekera chogwirizana ndi ubongo wocholoŵana, chikumbukiro, ndi chokumana nacho chotchuka. Major’s monolcoge mu filimu ya 1995, kufunsa ngati kufanana kwa diginito kwa ubongo wake kukakhalabe "her," kuwonjezera vuto lalikulu: ngati nzeru ingakopeke, chikhoterero osati chinthu?

Magulu ofufuza a anthu amene akhala ndi miyambo ya filosofi kwa nthaŵi yaitali. Anthu a maganizo awiri a Descartes apeza kuti mzukwa umakhala wopanda chigoba cha zinthu zamoyo. Komabe nkhanizi zimadalira kwa munthu wokonda zinthu zakuthupi, ndipo zimadalira pa "asayansi". Malingaliro a pakompyuta enieniwo, amene amayambitsa makhalidwe amene amakhala opanda mtsogoleri wamkulu, zimene zimapangitsa kuti munthu azikhulupirira kuti zinthu zinachita kulengedwa.

Sayansi yeniyeni ya zamaganizo ndi nthanthi za maganizo zakhala zikulimbana ndi zinsinsi zofanana. Kufufuza vuto lokakamiza, chiphunzitso cha dziko lonse cha zoyendera, ndi nthanthi yogwirizanitsa chidziŵitso zogwirizana zonena za mmene ubongo umayambira kuchokera ku mabiliyoni ambiri a maselo. Ngakhale kulibe kugwirizana, mundawo ukuvomereza kuti ungakhale njira, osati chinthu. Encyclopedia ya Filosophy yoloŵa m'maphunziro imapereka kufupika bwino kwa mikangano imeneyi, imene yambiri ya "Ghost in Shell" imasintha ndi sayansi yamatsenga. Nkhanizozo zikupereka lingaliro lakuti umphumphu wa mkumbukiro umadalira ndi kupitiriza kwa chikumbukiro cha zinthu zimene zakhala zofunika kwambiri m’nyengo ya kuyandikira ndi kuchuluka kwa makompyuta.

Dziko Loipitsidwa: Zimene Ziri Zenizeni ndi Kusintha

Chenicheni cha "Ghost in the Shell" ndi chiŵiya cha zosangulutsa chongothandiza pa malonda, upandu, ndi kukhalapo kwake. Zinthu zokhazikika "kulowa" m'ukonde, kuyendetsa mitsinje ya madata monga malo ochititsa kumva. Cyberbrain-aunt imalola kumizidwa kwa thupi lonse m'malo akuyawo, kuyambira kumvetsera ndi kumisika yakuda ya m’nthaka. Chochitikachi "Chat! Chat!" mu "Sma aloneum" imachitikira pafupifupi m'chipinda chamakutu, kupenda mmene mawu achinsinsi ndi malankhulidwe a Savanyo amasinthira mphamvu za mayanjano.

Nkhanizi zikugwirizana ndi mfundo zamphamvu za kumiza munthu. Pambali imodzi, VR imapatsa ufulu wosayerekezereka . Anthu angapambane pa zofooka za thupi, kuyesa kudziŵa, ndi kugwirizana ndi mayeso atalitali. Imatsegula khomo kuti asokoneze. Ziŵalo za mizimu zingayambitse zikumbukiro zonama, kupangitsa munthu kukhala umboni wosadalirika wa moyo wake. Zokumana nazo zenizeni zimagaŵanika, zopikisana. Nkhanizi zimafunsa kuti: Ngati zikumbukiro zingapeke, kodi tili ndi zifukwa zotani zokhulupirira mbiri yathu?

Nkhaŵa zopeka zimenezi zikutchulidwa m'kufufuza kwamakono ponena za zenizeni ndi ziyambukiro zake pa kubadwa. Kufufuza kwasonyeza kuti zokumana nazo za m'magazi zachikazi zingatulutse malingaliro aakulu ndi kusinthitsanso kuwona kwaumwini. Zotsatira za kuwona za maluso zikufanana ndi zilembo. Zitsogozo za ku malo opangira zinthu monga VR yopezerapo nzeru programu yofuna kupanga zinthu zoyenerera, makamaka monga mzera pakati pa kuchepetsa ndi kuchepa kwa maluso. "Ghost in Shell" imalingalira za mtsogolo kumene anthu onse angasankhe kukhalapo pa zinthu zovuta zathupi za dziko lapansi. [chithunzi cha masiku ano ponena za kukumana ndi kulongosola zinthu zosintha, ngakhale ndi kupeputsa kwachini.

Kuzindikira kwa Panoptini: Kuchuluka kwa Zinthu ndi Kubisika

Chigawo 9 chimagwira ntchito pakati pa chitaganya chodzala ndi kuyang'ana: Kubisa maso sikumabisa zinthu zokhala ndi zinthu [1] kumaphimbanso makamera ndi zilembo zolunjika m'nyumba za tauni. Zida za Cyberbrain siziri kokha njira zopezera chidziŵitso komanso mawindo okhoza kuyang'anira. Kupsinjika pakati pa chisungiko ndi ufulu wa munthu aliyense payekha sikumakhalapo nthaŵi zonse. Nkhanizo sizimaonetsa kuti kuyang'ana monga kwachibadwa ndi koipa; mmalo mwake, zimafufuza mmene zida za opanga sayansi zingagwiritsidwire ndi zikondwerero za makampani, ma bureaucrates, ndi kukopa maboma.

Mwachitsanzo, bungwe la zamankhwala limavumbula mmene limagwiritsira ntchito kuyang'anira ndi kutumiza mauthenga kwa otsutsa, pamene boma likuyesa kulamulira nkhaniyo kupyolera mwa kugwiritsa ntchito chidziŵitso molakwika. Maposit akuti m'dziko logwirizana kwambiri, umbuli umakhala chinthu chapamwamba ndi chopanda pake. Tachikos, ndi kusamva kwawo kwa maganizo, kusokoneza: kuzindikira kwachisawawa kumapatsa mapindu aakulu a ntchito koma kumachotsanso chinsinsi cha munthu aliyense payekha.

Dziko lenileni nlofanana kwambiri. Magulu ambiri a chidziŵitso opangidwa ndi makompyuta a zasayansi, madongosolo ozindikira nkhope, ndi maprogramu ofufuza a boma . Kuchokera ku China atamandidwa ndi anthu a PRISM .Doror auchenjezo a gulu la "Ghost mu Chigoba". Magulu a a andale onga [FLT: 0] ALEctronic Foundation Foundation [[[FLLT:1] akulimbana tsiku ndi tsiku kuti asunge chinsinsi cha kampani ndi uyang'aniro wa boma. Nkhaniyi imatsutsa lingaliro lakuti chisungiko chingafikire popanda kupereka nsembe ufulu wofunika, ndi machenjezo ake amatumikira monga chenjezo kuti maluso a boma lolonda ali osavuta kumanga malo olonda.

Chipangizo Chopanga Zinthu Zosiyanasiyana pa Intaneti: Chitani Zinthu Zocholowana Komanso Zimene Zikubweranso

Chimodzi cha zothandizira zoyamba za dramayi pa kalingaliridwe ka pa Intaneti ndilo lingaliro la "Dalone Complex" [1] chochitika chimene chimapangitsa anthu kusagwirizana ndi chidziŵitso cha kumaloko ndipo popanda mtsogoleri aliyense wotsogolera, mwachibadwa amasintha zochita zawo kupanga chochitika chogwirizana. M'nkhanizi, munthu wodwalayo amakhala mliri wa m'chipata umene umasintha woyambitsayo kukhala chizindikiro, pamene kuli kwakuti zochitika zapadera zimafufuza mmene mphamvu za msika, mchezo, ndi magulu a kakhalidwe kangayambikire ku bungwe logwirizana ndi anthu oyenerera.

Chitsanzo cha khalidwe la ma spices ameneŵa n’chozikidwa kwambiri m'madongosolo a sayansi. Chimasonyeza kuchuluka kwa tizilombo, kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zachuma, ndi kakhalidwe ka mavairasi pa manyukiliya. Nkhanizi zimawonjezera fanizolo kuti chitaganya chenichenicho, pamene chadzaza ndi madongosolo a chidziŵitso, chikhoza kugwira ntchito monga chinthu chamoyo ndi chipukusi chake. Nthenda yosagwirizana ndi kachilombo kamodzi. Malingaliro ameneŵa ofanana ndi Noplas onenedwa ndi Teilhard de Chardin, kumene malingaliro a anthu amaloŵa m’gulu lanzeru lapadziko lonse.

"Ghost mu Chigoba" amagwiritsira ntchito Stand Alone Complex kutseguka ndi kukondwerera, kapena kuchenjera, mphamvu ya gululo. Imasonyeza kuti m'malo odzaza chidziŵitso, chowonadi chingakhale chovulaza chachiŵiri kusimba za kugwirizana. Mwachitsanzo, magulu andale zadziko, angayambire zinenezo zopeka chifukwa chakuti nkhaniyo imagwirizana ndi chikhumbo cha anthu onse. Nkhaniyi ikuchenjeza kuti popanda njira zodalirika zotsimikizirika, chitaganya chimakhala chosatsimikizirika ndi chenicheni .

Malo Ozungulira: Kusinthana ndi Kusungidwa kwa Anthu

M’pofunika kuti anthu ayambe kukhulupirira kuti anthu akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono polimbana ndi matenda awo. Zinthu monga Kusanagi, Hideo Kuze, ndiponso ngakhale Puppeter zikuimira njira zosiyanasiyana zosintha anthu: kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti, kusafa, kapena kusokonezeka pa Intaneti.

Nkhani zotsatizanazo sizikungooneka ngati zabwino. Zimasonyeza dziko limene chisinthiko cha luso cha zinthu chimaposa kukula kwa makhalidwe. Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwa, kugulitsa anthu kuti apeze ziwalo zotsala, ndi kutayidwa kwa kamodzi kamodzi kwa matupi a anthu n’zofala.

Magulu enieni a anthu osintha anthu monga Humanity + imachirikiza kugwiritsa ntchito kwa maluso a zaluso kuwonjezera luso la anthu, kugogomezera kupezeka kwa democracy ndi kudzilamulira kwa munthu. Nkhani zimene zikukambirana m'nkhanizi zikufanana ndi makambitsiranowa, mafunso amene amalamulira luso lakukonza zinthu ndiponso amene adzasiyidwa. "Gost in Shell" imalingalira kuti mtsogolo mwa anthu simungatsimikizidwe ndi zongopambana zathu zokha, koma ndi mphamvu yathu yosonyeza chifundo ndi kulingalira bwino ku mitundu yonse yapamwamba ya zinthu zamakono, Intaneti, kapena foni.

Kumaliza: Mzimu Umene Tikulalikira

"Ghost mu Chigoba" si kachipangizo ka pakompyuta; ndi kagalasi kosonyeza nkhaŵa zazikulu kwambiri za anthu ndi zolinga zawo zazikulu kwambiri pamene zinthu zamakono zikusintha. Mwa kufufuza kwake kwa kayendedwe ka Intaneti, luntha la kuyerekezera, moyo, zenizeni, kuyang’anira, ndi khalidwe la anthu, malingana ndi tsogolo la munthu loopsa ndiponso lodabwitsa. Kusintha kulikonse kwa thupi ndi maganizo kumadzutsa funso lomweli: Kodi chimakhala chiyani ngati chigoba cha zinthu zachilengedwe chachotsedwa?

Yankho la mpambowo likuwoneka kukhala likuperekedwa ndi "ghost" , chidziŵitso chathu, kuthekera kwathu kwa kumva chisoni . Kuyenera kukhala pakati pa kupita patsogolo kulikonse kwa tekinoloji. Pamene tikuima pa nyengo yofotokozedwa ndi ubongo ndi malunji opanga, luntha lachibadwa, ndi kutsimikizirika, maphunziro a "Gast in Shell" sangokhala chabe ongopeka koma akugwira ntchito. Tiyenera kulamulira AI, kukhazikitsa zoyenera za kuwonjezera ndi kupanga, ndi kutetezera kubisika kwa maganizo. Chisinthiko cha sayansi chidzapitirizabe, koma kaya ngati chisinthiko chimatsogolera ku dziko laumunthu kapena chigoboli cha munthu kapena chiboli cha munthu chimodzi chimene timasankha tsopano.