Mu butuufu, kino kitegeeza ekibiina ky'abantu ab'omu nkukutu ekibadde kikubirizibwa ebyafaayo by'obukulembeze bw'Abakyayina, obutayagala kunywerera ku nsonga z'eddiini, obukuubagano bw'eddiini, n'okwagala obutagwa lubege. Okusobola okutegeera enjawukana eziriwo wakati w'obuteefu n'obwewagguzi, tulina okwekenneenya enjawukana eziriwo wakati w'eddiini n'enjawukana ez'edda.

Enjigiriza z’Amadiini n’Eza Profesooni

Enjigiriza ya White Lotus teyava ku kintu kimu. Yaggya ku bintu eby'enjawulo mu bufuzi bw'Ababuda, engeri z'okuwangaala kw'emyaka, n'enjigiriza za Manichaean disciations, ebyagagattamu ekisuubizo eky'obulokozi. Omuntu ow'okusingika yali Maama Omubeerera (Muweng Lawomu), omuzadde wa Katonda eyatonda abantu era kati eyalina ennaku olw'okubonaabona mu bufuzi obubi. Abakkiriza baali basuubira okujja kwa Maitreya Budha, eyandimumanyisizza mu biseera eby'omu maaso, eyanditandise okuleetawo emirembe egya obutonde bwonna.

Great Ming Kode eya mu kyasa ekya 15 yawera ekibiina kya White Lotus ng'akadiini akahetedox, naye ekiragiro kino kyayongera bugazi obwakyakyo.Abagoberezi ba Yesu baakuŋŋaananga mu bitongole ebitono ebikugirwa mu kyama, nga batera okukuŋŋaana okuyimba ebyawandiikibwa, okuwuliziganya n'okussa omukka. Enjigiriza zaayambanga okumanyibwa ennyo obuyonjo mu mpisa, okunywa enviiri, n'okuyambagana. Olw'okuba obutoffaali bw'omu kitundu ekyo tebwalina mukulu, obulombolombo bwali bwalina mazzi ga nnyuma.

Ennyiriri Eziriraanye Ebyafaayo n’Ebikwata ku by’Endabika

Mu biseera ebya 1600 eby'obutyabaga n'eby'okunyigiriza bannalukalala, bannalukalala beeyongera. Mu lufugenyi lwa Ming, okugobererwa kw'amakungula, endwadde, n'okugobererwa kw'emisolo, byaleetera abantu b'omu bitundu ebyo okweyongera okwogera ku bunnabbi obwa Apocalypse. Entegeka z'obwakabaka ez'Abamanchu ezaawerera ddala Qaw bweyongera amaanyi mu masekkati g'ekyasa 17, ab'enjyessssssss beera bye baaw'okwesigamya obuddukiro mu mikutu gya White Lotus ne mu nsi, nga baddiramu ekibiina ky'eby'eby'obufuzi awamu n'eddiini. Mu kyasa ekya 18, ebitundu by'ensalo ezisangibwa wakati wa Hubei, Sian, ne Shaxi byafuuka ebitongole eby'enjvubiina by'ensi ebiva mu nsi.

Kyokka, ebizibu by'eby'enfuna ku bwabyo si kye kinnyonnyola nti ekibiina ekyo kiwangaala. Eky'okuba nti kyeyama ku kufuna ebyetaago eby'omubiri n'eby'omwoyo, kye kyaleetera abagoberezi baakyo okuba n'enkolagana ey'oku lusegere. Ekisuubizo eky'okutumbula ebyandiko ebinaatera okutuuka, nga kiddiriŋŋanwa n'obufuzi obw'emirembe obw'emyaka olukumi, tekitubudaabuda bubudaabuda bubudaabuda busobole okuwonawo. Singa okubeesasuzaanya okulumba kwa bannalukalala, abafuzi b'ebyalosebwa b'eggwanga, White Lotus, abakulembeze b'aba White nabo baayinza okuteeka obulumba ng'okuzaala ensi empya, nga kiviiridde ddala okupikirizibwa okw'eby’amagye okukkirizibwa okufuna obuweeyambi obw'emirembe.

Obukulembeze bwa Maanyi era n’Obuyinza

Obukulembeze mu kibiina kya bannaddiini abayitibwa White Lotus tebwateekebwa mu nkola y'obukulembeze; kumpi bwesigama ku magigigigi ga basomesa bokka.

Abakulembeze abalungi baayamba abagoberezi baabwe obutagwa lubege nga banywezezza ku nteekateeka za Katonda mu nsi yonna. Baalina okumatiza abagoberezi baabwe nti ekiseera kya Katonda eky'okutandikiramu eby'okulya kyali tekijjulukuka, nga bategeka eby'okulwanyisa, era nga bakolagana n'ababinja b'abayimbi ab'omu kitundu. Kino kyaleetawo obuzibu obw'amaanyi mu birowoozo. Ng'ekyokulabirako, Wang Lung Lun, eyakulembera mu kujeekeramyamyamyamya mu Shandong mu 1774, yatandika ng'omusomesa n'omunyabinja w'okuwonya. Yasobola okuteeka essira ku bubinja bw'okuyigiriza obukugunja obw'omubiri n'eby’ebyomwoyo ng'okutendekebwa okw'okutumbula obukusinze ekiwa kyamufu, ekiraga nti obukulembeze bw'obukujjufu bwe bwali busobola okwawukana ku ku ekyo.

Obusobozi bw’Amaanyi ag’Eby’Omwoyo n’Agataliimu

Ekigezo eky'ennaku y'obukulembeze ekyasinze okusoomooza kwe kutabagana n'enkola y'ekiwagizi eky'okutattirawo. Ebyawandiikibwa ebyasooka eby'Abalungu Lotus byassa essira ku butakola bikolwa bya bukambwe, okuyimba, n'okugattika enzivuunula mu mpisa. Naye okunyigirizibwa kwa gavumenti bwe kweyongera, abaami abamu baawakanya nti Maama Ataggwaawo yakkiriza olutalo olw'obutuukirivu okunaanyanya ensi yonna — nga kitegeeza abakungu n'abasirikale abaaweerezanga mu lubiri olwa bannaggwanga. Kino kyaleetawo enjawukana wakati w'abo abaanoonyanga obulombolombo obw'okwesamba mu n'enjawukana ez'amaanyi. Empakaanyi ezo enzigwagwa wakati w'okwolesebwa okw'ebiwabutonde ebyo ebibiri tezaagoolekawo ddala, era terwangawo mu buli mulundi mu kuwererese.

Obuzibu Obwali mu Mutima n’Obutafaayo

Okukyuka kwa White Lotus kwakakasa nti tekuyonoonebwa era ne kukakasa n'okweyawulamu. Singa wataaliwo n'omu akkiriza, enkaayana ezikwata ku njigiriza zayinza okuvaamu enjawukana ez'enkalakkalira. Amadiini g'omu Henan gaateeka nnyo essira ku mateeka g'eby'eby'endya n'obutali bwannamunigina, nga gakkiriza nti obuyonjo bwetaagisa okusobola okusikiriza Maama ow'Olubeerera okusiimibwa. Mu kiseera ekyo, abantu b'omu Sichuan baayongera amaanyi ku bantu ababeera mu bitundu ebirimu era n'obulimi obw'akolagana obulungi, nga batwala obumu ng'akabonero akakulu ak'okukkiriza.

Obukujjukujju bw'abayigirizza baafiira mu kutwala ettuluba lye nga si mufuzi asooka. Ab'obuyinza abo baagezaako okutta omusika nga tewali ategereze munnaabwe, abawagizi bangi ne beewaanawaana olw'okuwakanya enjigiriza eza bakyewaggula oba okutunda ebyamaguzi. Enkaayana ezo zanafuya obusobozi bw'ekibiina okugatta awamu enkola ey'okutambula ekipimo. Munnabyafaayo Barnd J. tar Haar akyeted akiraze nti okuyomba okw'omunda kwakola kinene nnyo ku White Rotus ne ku ttuluuni, mu kifo eky'okugobeesa obutoogoogoo obut'enkola obukyamu, ne kibusobozesa obutoffanyi obut'okwekwekereza okubuggyamu. [[FLT:]

Enjawulo mu Bitundu by’Enjawulo n’Ekisibe Ekigenda Okutambula ng’Ettaka

Tewali kulwanagana kwa maanyi okw'omunda okwasibuka ku kukozesa amatwale okw'enkwaso. Enkola ezimu, gamba nga Ente mu Lusele Trigrams, zaatandika okukulembera amagye era ne zitendeka abayigirizwa mu lutalo olw'emikono. Abalala, naddala amatabi agasisi, baasalira omusango ekintu kyonna eky'okuyiwa omusaayi ng'ekika ekyaviirako maama ow'emirembe n'emirembe okusibuka mu kifo kya maama. Ababenje abangi Ababeeru Abatuuze ab'enkalakkalira bwe baayuka obuguluka obuguluka ku ludda olw'ennyiriri oba nga bakolagana ne gavumenti okuyigga obutoffaali.

Abazungu Abayitibwa Lotus Obujeemu (1796-1804)

Bannabyabufuzi baayisibwa bubi nnyo olw'ebbula ly'emmere, okukozesebwa okw'amaanyi, n'obunyazi mu bitundu eby'ensalo, okujeemera obufuzi okwamala emyaka kkumi. Obwewagguzi obwo bwaviirako abantu nkumi na nkumi okufiirwa ssente eza ffeeza ezisukka mu bukadde 200, ekintu ekyaviirako okuyiwa omusaayi mu nsalo.

Wadde nga baawakanya enteekateeka ezo, tebaakolera wamu. Abakulembeze nga Qi Wangshi ne Yao Zhifu baafuga nga bakulu b'obulumbaganyi oba nga bawagira ebintu. Obukulembeze bwabwe obwa yuropia bwegatta ku bukulembeze obwaleetera abalwanyi okuwangula enteekateeka. Ekiragiro kino nga Qawneralis, oluvannyuma kyamanyibwa nga kizimba ekizimbe eky'amateeka ekiri obumu era nga kikozesa “ekisenge ekiwooke era ekika ekyaka ennyo. Kino kyasobozesa ab'obuyinza okwegatta ku kibiina kya Isiraeri okutta. Obujeemu obwo mu mwaka gwa 1804 tebwava ku ku ku ku kukosebwa kwa magye, enjala, n'okuyokya n'okuyonooneka kw'ekibiina ekipya ekyali kyokesesese.

Okumanya engeri obujeemu gye bwasaasaanamu, laba Enclopedia Britannica w'eyingira mu White Lotus Repution, ekiraga ebibaawo ebikulu n'engeri gye bikwatibwako ku bufuzi.

Obukulembeze Tebwatuukiriza Bulungi era Enkizo Zaabufiirwa

Bannabyabufuzi bangi beegatta ku bajeemu abaali beekakasa nti tebasobola kufuuka bafuzi era ne beewala okukuba obulaguzi nga basinziira ku bannasayansi abaali batwalibwa okuba abalaguzi. Emirundi egisinga obungi, okusala emisango kyagenderanga ku bulaguzi mu kifo ky'okwekenneeba fayiro. Omukulu bwe yagwanga mu lutalo, abagoberezi be baasaasaananga, nga tebalina ngeri yonna eyinza kukyusa buyinza. Ekyo kyaleetera abaserikale okuyigira ku ku kusalawo okumalirawo ddala ekigendererwa kyabwe eky'okuggyawo abakulembeze abamanyiddwa, nga bamanyi nti ekifo n' fayiro byandibadde bikyukakyuka nga tewali ngeri yonna ey'okukiwanyisaamu buyinza.

Endowooza z'Abalungu baalina okusikiriza literatati ne gmant ow'omu kitundu okuggya enjogera zaayo ez'okulangirira ebyandibaddewo mu kiseera eky'okukyayibwa n'okukolagana n'abakungu abayivu. Wadde nga tewaaliwo bannabyabufuzi abafuga mu bitundu ebyakwatibwa, abajeemu baasigala nga batambula emirembe gyonna, nga beewala okunyaga ne banyaga abantu aba bulijjo be baagambanga nti be baabawanguzi.

Okunoonya Obutagwa Lubege mu Bitabo by’Enjigiriza ne mu Bulamu Obwa Bulijjo

Ekitundu ekiwangadde eky'enkola ya White Lotus kyalina omusingi ogwali gunyweredde ku mirembe: wakati w'eggulu n'ensi, wakati w'okukula obulungi n'obwetaavu obw'okungulu, era ne wakati w'ebintu ebiri mu bwengula n'entebe enzikiza. Okunoonya okutaasa kwanywezebwa mu nkola eya bulijjo. Okufumiitiriza kwakolebwa okusobozesa qi, amaanyi ag'omugaso, so nga n'obulombolombo obukolaganira awamu n'enkyukakyuka mu bwengula.

Frigitment, mu nnyinyonnyola enfuge mu by'eddiini eyitibwa White Lotus, kyategeerekeka nti okuyonoonebwa kw'ensi kwava ku bafuzi abaali baatabangula enkolagana ennungi wakati w'abantu n'obutonde. N'olwekyo, okujeema tekwali mulimu gwa bya bufuzi naye gwali buvunaanyizibwa butukuvu okuzzaawo enteekateeka y'ebintu byonna. Endowooza eno yawa abo abeenyigira mu nzikiriza ey'enjawulo eyaviirako abantu okwesamba ettujjuzo ery'eby’omwoyo. Kyokka era yabaleetera okugwa mu kabenje, ebikolwa byonna eby'ettemu, kabe nga bya butuukirivu, byaleetawo okutukuzibwa okutukuzibwa. Ebyafaayo by'abantu abo mu byafaayo bisobola okumanyibwa nga bagezaako okwesamba okutukuzibwa mu ngeri ez'amaanyi.

Endowooza Ennuŋŋamu n’Obulamu bw’Abantu Abali mu Kibiina ky’Empisa

Omuntu eya bulijjo yayigirizibwa obutagwa lubege ng'agoberera emitindo gy'empisa egyateekebwawo. Okuleka okutta, okulimba, obubbi, empisa ez'obugwenyufu, n'okukozesa abakozesa enzigi ez'enjawulo ez'omu kinnoomu naye ne bimanyibwa okuyitira mu talabinda y'obuvubuka obwa kiseera kya mataba. Abakonkosi baalowooza nti abo abakuuma obuyonjo bajja kukuŋŋaanyizibwa mu “Dragon Flower,” olusuku lwa Katonda Maama ow'Olubeerera mwe yandiyaniriza abaana be. Okukangavvula kuno bwe kwakolebwa, kwavaamu ennyimba ez'amaanyi ez'omukwano. Omuntu okukolagana n'abantu nga yennyini yeetangirira ebibanja, ebibanja n'abafumbo byakuŋŋaanyizibwa, era ne bannamwandu, ne bakola enteekateeka ez'obutebenke, nga tezisobola kutuukiriza nteekateeka za gavumenti.

Okusobola okuvvuunuka obujoozi obw’eby’omwoyo, abayigiriza baalabula ku malala, amalala, n’okwagala ettutumu mu nsi — ebikemo ebyasendasenda bangi okwegwanyiza ettuttumu. Obusungu obuliwo wakati w'omusirikale n'okusikirizibwa okuggyamu obujooga tebwagonjoolebwa mu bujjuvu, naye bwaleetawo okunyumya okumatiza okw’amaanyi okwaleetera abantu okukolagana mu mirembe egya buli mu mirembe. Abeekenneenya ebikwata ku bufuzi bwa bannantalo balabye engeri ezifaananako ezo, okuva mu myaka egy’edda okutuuka ku Bwakabaka bw'ewala ne eggulu, nga kiraga nti abantu abanyigirizibwa batuuse ku ngeri abantu gye balagamu obugumiikiriza n’obujeemu.

Obusika, Obukugu, n’Eby’Okwenyumiriza mu Kiseera Kino

Obulombolombo bw'eddiini ya White Lotus tebwaggwaawo oluvannyuma lw'okumalirizibwa kwa 1804. obubonero bwayo, enkola za kibiina, n'ebiwandiiko bya Apocalypse byeyoleka mu bibiina eby'enneekusifu ebyaddirira, naddala ebya Triads era n'oluvannyuma n'ebyago mu 1900 Boxer Upersing. Endowooza ey'amagye ag'obutuukirivu agaayinza okuziyiza embeera y'obulyinja, obuttu n'obufuzi bwa gavumenti obutali bwa gavumenti obwali busobola okuziyiza embeera eyonoonese mu bigambo ebiyisiddwa mu kasanduukoer , ne mu bulabisi — byali bitegeerekeka bulungi nti: kasanduuko ako kaafiikiriza abagwira, okuzikiriza abagwira.” Abakubiikkirizza zzaayo ebintu eby'enjawulo, gamba ng'obukulembedde obw'obuwabuzi obw'obukulembedde obw'obukulembedde.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Obukulembeze n'obukuubagano ebikolebwa mu kibiina ekiyitibwa White Lotus nabyo bifaanagana. Ekibiina kyonna ekyesiga ennyo obuyinza obw'omutawaana naye nga tekyetegekedde bulungi okussaawo ennyuma, kiyinza okuteeka obulamu mu kabi ak'enkula y'enkula y'enkula mu by'eddiini. Enjigiriza bwe zikyukakyuka mu mpaka zeyisa ziyigiriza bulungi ebiva mu kakwate ne kisobozesa ebibiina by'abantu: nga tewali ngeri za maanyi zisobola okugonjoola obutakkaanya, amaanyi gakozesebwa mu ntalo mu kifo ky'entalo ez'okutambula. Eky'ebweru wabweru kyoleka nti, obulombolombo bwa Setaani busobola okuba ekitala ekiri ku bukubi, era ne kisobozesa okukwata ku ngeri enfunze ez'enjawulo ez'okukwatagana.

Kyokka, ekyetaagisibwa kyesigamye ku kigendererwa ky'ekibiina kino eky'obutagwa lubege. Abo abaafuba obutagwa lubege si kizibu okugonjoolwa omulundi gumu, wabula enkola ey'okumanyira ddala ddala. Abakulembeze abakkiriza nti amazzi gaava mu nnyanja, baakyusa enkula nga tebamenya emisingi gyago, basobola okuwanirira abantu mu myaka mingi egy'okufugibwa. Abo abaagugubira ku njigiriza enjereere, oba abaasuula obulaguzi obw'amaanyi mu maaso. Olugero lw'omulungu Lotus lutujjukiza nti obuyinza obw'amazima busimbye mu buyinza obukontana n'okuwanirira empakaanyi — obusingako n'obw'abantu kinnoomu, n'eb'enyigo, n'enyigo.

Makulu Gaakyo: Kirabiro Ekikwata ku Kiseera Kyaffe

Ekibiina kya White Lotus kyalimu eby'enjawulo, nga kikontana, era nga kiwa obukakafu nti tewali gavumenti, tewali ggye, oba obulimba bwonna obwali busobola okuzikiza; ekirooto ekyo, wadde nga kyali tekituukiridde, nga kimaze okukituukako, nga bannalukalala, nga bannaddiini, nga bannalukalala, nga bannaddiini, nga bannaddiini. Mu bino byonna, ekibiina kyanyiigidde nnyo okusobola obutagwa mu kifo kya gavumenti, ne ssekitondo, ne kitoolekagana.